NUR 308 EAT PRACTICE QUESTIONS

NUR 308 EAT PRACTICE QUESTIONS1. Fluid therapy for a 38-year-old male who has been admitted for an outpatient surgical procedure. A. LACTATED RINGERS B. 5% DEXTROSE IN WATER Ans: For this clinical situation, an isotonic fluid would be indicated for short term fluid therapy. Five percent dextrose in water is a hypotonic fluid that could potentially cause fluid shifts. 2. Fluid therapy for a 16-year-old female trauma patient who has head trauma and suspected cerebral edema following an automobile accident. A. MANNITOL B. ALBUMIN Ans: Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic and would be indicated to treat cerebral edema. Albumin would be indicated to treat shock. 3. 22-year-old female patient who is pregnant and admitted with hyperemesis gravidarum. A. COLLOID B. CRYSTALLOID Ans: Crystalloid therapy would be used in fluid replacement for a pregnant patient with hyperemesis. Colloid therapy would not be indicated. The use of colloid therapy would be contraindicated because it would remain in the intravascular space and contribute to fluid shifting and fluid retention. 4. 58-year-old male patient admitted for hypokalemia who requires potassium replacement therapy parentally. A. GIVEN AS IVP BOLUS B. GIVEN IN IV SOLUTION Ans: Potassium replacement therapy is considered to be a high-alert medication and as such should never be administered as an IVP bolus. Safety considerations require that potassium be administered as part of an IV solution. 5. 80-year-old male patient who is hypotensive admitted for fluid replacement therapy. A. 3% NORMAL SALINE B. NORMAL SALINE Ans: An isotonic fluid would be indicated for replacement therapy for a hypotensive elderly patient. Three percent normal saline is a hypertonic solution and would cause fluid shifting and worsen cellular dehydration. 6. Which types of fluid solutions would result in fluid shifting occurring within the body? Select all that apply. A. Hypertonic B. Hypotonic C. Colloid D. Isotonic E. Crystalloid 7. Which compensatory mechanism would be initiated in the body in response to a low volume state? A. Inhibition of osmoreceptors to prevent further fluid loss