MSN 571 MIDTERM EXAM| VERIFIED SOLUTION

MSN 571 MIDTERM EXAM| VERIFIED SOLUTION Note: Please share, add questions (with answers) to get as many from the test bank as possible Green Highlight – correct; Yellow – maybe but not confirmed; Red - Wrong MSN 571 – Midterm What is the first line therapy when treating hyperlipidemia? A. Bile Acide Sequestrants B. Statin Therapy C. Lifestyle modifications D. Niacin A patient asks you how does the statin drugs work. How would you respond? A. “It inhibits the absorption of dietary cholesterol in the small intestine” B. “it inhibits hydroxymethyl lutaryl- coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase to reduce the biosynthesis of cholesterol in the liver” C. “it binds to bile in the intestinal track forming an insoluble complex that is excreted in the feces” D. “It stimulates the biliary system to increase the excretion of dietary cholesterol” Which drug is the most effective for lowering low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol? A. Atorvastatin B. Gemfibrozil C. Ezetimibe D. Cholestyramine A patient tells you that she gets red after taking her niacin. What advice do you give her? A. Discontinue the medication B. Drink plenty of water C. premedicate with aspirin You are managing a stable middle-aged adult with emphysema. In addition to reinforcing smoking cessation and medication schedules which annual intervention will you recommend? A. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) B. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) C. Quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (QIV) D. Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAV) A patient who is taking OTC proton pump inhibitors was recently placed on an oral antifungal for a fungal infection. After a week, the patient reported that the fungal infection has not improved. Which antifungal medication was the patient taking? A. Fluconazole B. Caspofungin C. Intraconazole D. Amphotericin B A patient diagnosed with hepatitis B begins treatment with Adefovir and ask how long the drug therapy will last. what time frame will the prescriber give the patient? A. Until nephrotoxicity occurs B. A lifetime C. 48 weeks D. An indefinite, prolonged period of time When prescribing acyclovir patients should be educated regarding the: A. Need to drink lots of fluids during treatment B. High risk of developing diarrhea C. ? D. ? Idarucizumab is used to reverse the activity of which antithrombotic drug in cases of bleeding? A. Dalteparin B. Warfarin C. Alteplase D. Dabigatran The patient is receiving anticoagulant therapy period the INR value for the patient today is 1.5. In response to this, what will you do? A. ? B. ? C. ? D. Prescribe an additional dose of warfarin Warfarin’s primary mechanism of action is inhibition of the synthesis of vitamin K dependent clotting factors. These factors include which of the following? A. Factors II, IX, and X and proteins C and S B. Factors VII, IX, X, and XII and protein 5 C. Factors II, VII, VIII, and XII and proteins C and S D. Factors II, VII, VIII, and X and protein C In which of the following patients will you prescribe appropriate therapy for lice infestation? A. Spinosad to a 6 year old patient with head lice B. Lindane to a 105lb patient with lice C. Malathion to a 3 year old patient with head lice D. Ivermectin to a 12kg patient with lice Tretinoin is commonly employed in the treatment of which of the following? A. Psoriasis B. Seborrheic dermatitis C. Acne D. Multiple Sclerosis Which of the following is correct regarding the use of isotretinoin in the treatment of acne? A. Isotretinoin is given intravenously in the treatment of acne B. Isotretinoin is contraindicated in pregnancy due to its high risk of birth defects C. ? D. ? Which of these medications orders are complete? Select all that apply A. Vitamin D 2000 units PO B. Multivitamin Promethazine 50mg IV q3-6h PRN for nausea Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (Cipro) 500mg PO q12h x7d Aspirin 81 mg PO daily Which of the following is not a required element of the written prescription? A. Quantity of a drug to be dispensed B. Number of refills C. Disease state being treated D. Route of administration A patient diagnosed with otitis externa and taking fluoroquinolone/glucocorticoid combination medication asks the NP what benefit is to taking the medications together. You reply? A. The two medications are contraindicated to use together B. The glucocorticoid reduces the swelling caused by the inflammation and decreases pain, while the fluoroquinolone treats infection C. The glucocorticoid decreases the adverse effects of the fluoroquinolone D. the glucocorticoid decreases the likelihood of antibiotic resistance developing to the fluoroquinolone The NSAIDs are used on a chronic basis by many who suffer headache and inflammation. Many individuals do not require chronic use of these compounds can lead to major adverse effects on which organ system(s)? A. Cardiovascular B. Hepatic C. None are correct D. Gastrointestinal E. Renal Which of the following cardiovascular changes associated with aging is false? A. reduced ventricular compliance B. Preserved sympathetic and vagal resting tone C. Desensitization of carotid and aortic baroreceptors D. Decreased blood vessel contractility Below question: don’t know the correct combination. Below is what was picked but incorrect. When prescribing medication to infants, it is important for the provider to consider which fact? (Select all that apply) A. Oral medications are contraindicated in infants B. Breastfeeding infants are more likely to develop toxicity when the mother is taking lipid soluble drugs C. Infants have immature livers, which slows drug metabolism which best describes the action of ACE inhibitors on the failing heart? A. ACE inhibitors increase aldosterone B. ACE inhibitors increased vascular resistance C. ACE inhibitors decreased cardiac output D. ACE inhibitors reduced preload A patient who previously reported feeling better on the current drug regimen suddenly reports that the drug seems to have stopped working. This is known as: A. Tachyphylaxis B. Side effect C. Adverse effect D. Tolerance Regarding genetic variants that alter drug metabolism. Which of the following statements is true? a. All the statements are true b. Drugs with a narrow therapeutic index, small increases in drug levels can lead to toxicity or small decreases in drug levels can lead to failure of drug therapy c. Drugs with a high therapeutic index such as warfarin is not a concern since it is not inactivated by CYP2C9 d. Drugs with a high therapeutic index, altered rates of metabolism will have significant effects on clinical outcomes When administering a drug, which of the following is not necessarily as important to determine the response of a drug? A. timing of administration B. Dosage C. Route D. Frequency A patient has been diagnosed with strep throat and needs a prescription for an antibiotic. The patient stated that the last time he took penicillin, he developed a red, blotchy rash. An appropriate antibiotic to prescribe would be: