Water Treatment Operator Certification Study Guide (AWWA)

Water Treatment Operator Certification Study Guide (AWWA) A continuously flowing watercourse Ans- Perennial Stream Algae causes PH to ....... at night Ans- Decrease What contributes to creation of algae blooms Ans- Increased nutrients Iron is found mostly in what sources of water Ans- Groundwater Also called the rule of reasonable sharing Ans- Riparian Doctrine Water high in salinity and warm is Ans- Low in dissolved oxygen Reservoir turnover Ans- Denser water at surface sinking toward the bottom Water that flows into rivers after rainfall Ans- Surface runoff Recreation can ....... of land adjacent to a reservoir Ans- increase the threat of erosion Water bearing geological zone composed of material deposited by flowing rivers Ans- Alluvial aquifer What effect will algae have on dissolved oxygen Ans- Increase DO during the day and lower DO during the night How does alkalinity effect the use of copper sulfate Ans- Copper sulfate is more effective as alkalinity decreases The amount of water in a formation depends on..... Ans- The porosity of the water-bearing formation What enables blue green algae to grow Ans- Nutrients Recommended loading rate of copper sulfate for algae control Ans- 5.4 lbs per acre of surface area Primary origin of coliform bacteria Ans- Animal or human feces Amount of water a well produces for each foot of drawdown Ans- Specific capacity Most common well used in public water supply Ans- Drilled well What is disinfection Ans- inactivation or killing of pathogenic organisms free chlorine residual valus are based on a contact time of.... Ans- 10 minutes Strength of Calcium Hypochlorite Ans- 65-70% What chemicals raise PH in water Ans- Soda Ash, Caustic Soda, As water temp increases, disinfection action....... Ans- Increases Maximum chlorine usage per day from a 150lb cylinder Ans- 42 lbs What chemical is used to soften water through chemical precipitation Ans- Calcium hydroxide (lime) Mudballs are clumps of........ Ans- Filter media and other material Coagulation occurs during the first ..... Ans- 1 to 5 seconds When should a filter be backwashed Ans- High head, turbidity breakthrough, or designated hours What does CaCO3 (Calcium Carbonate) do? Ans- Decreases corrosion Most important test to indicate proper sedimentation Ans- turbidity What is considered and excellent zeta potential Ans- -1 to -4 What is used to test for residual chlorine Ans- DPD What is a major part of a turbidimeter Ans- Light source What parameter is used o indicate clarity of water Ans- turbidity PH is the measure of......... Ans- hydrogen ion concentration Free chlorine residual includes Ans- OCI- and HOCI How many log removal for viruses Ans- 4 log 99.99% Highest concentration of hypochlorous acidoccurs at what PH? Ans- 5 What flask is most accurate Ans- volumetric flask What flouride comes in solution form Ans- flourosilicic acid Chemical formula for bicarbonate Ans- HCO-3 Capability of water to resist change in PH is called Ans- Buffering capacity In a coliform presence-absence test a sample should be Ans- incubated for 24 and 48 hours at 35* C Optimal flouride concentration in drinking water is set in relation to the........ Ans- Annual average maximum daily air temp What test is used to determine optimal coagulant dosage Ans- Jar Test Sequence of growth in a multiple-tube fermentation method Ans- LTB, BGB, and EMB. Lauryl Tryptose Broth, Eosin Methylene Blue, Brilliant Green lactose Bile Broth Giardia cysts range in size from Ans- 8 to 20 microns Quantity of oxygen that can be dissolved in water is directly related to........ Ans- Temperature What is apparent color Ans- color in sample before it is filtered Grease lubricated bearings should be regreased at what frequency? Ans- 3 - 6 Months Check valves prevent ........... Ans- Water from flowing in two directions Packing joints should be....... Ans- Staggered Primary function of couplings Ans- Compensate for alignment changes How do you determine watts Ans- (amps)x(volts) What are the different types of pumps Ans- Centrifugal, positive displacement, and turbine What does a hypochlorinator do? Ans- Feed a liquid chlorine solution into a water supply What causes water hammer Ans- opening or closing a valve too fast When should a positive displacement pump be operated? Ans- When suction and discharge valves are open How much does a 1-ton cylinder weigh? Ans- 3,700 lbs Pumps seals are classified how? Ans- Packing ring or mechanical What causes pumps to make a pinging sound Ans- cavitation What is the main purpose of priming Ans- Replace air with water inside the pump What is the purpose of a vacuum regulator Ans- Stop flow of chlorine gas if a leak develops Mechanical seals are appropriate for pumps operating under....... Ans- High suction head What valve is most suitable for a throttling application Ans- Pressure reducing valve Valve installed at the end of the suction pipe on a centrifugal pump is called...... Ans- a foot valve (Pump efficiency) x (Motor efficiency) Ans- Wire to water efficiency Opening the discharge valve one full turn on a chlorine cylinder will........ Ans- Permit maximum discharge What is the "C Value" Ans- Number that describes smoothness of the interior of a pipe Tubercles form on what kind of pipe Ans- Ductile iron What indicates bearing failure