Unit 5
Edelman: Ch4
1. The Therapeutic Relationship
a. Nurse-person interaction is an interpersonal process in which both parties have an
emotional involvement with each other, there is a degree of mutuality and
reciprocity whereby needs and expectations are shared
b. Successful health promotion involves interpersonal skills, personal insight,
accountability, mutual respect, and a supportive working milieu (social
environment)
2. Values clarification
a. Values are qualities, principles, attitudes, or beliefs about the inherent worth of an
object, behavior, or idea that guide action by sanctioning certain behaviors and
disavowing others
i. Cognitive values are those a person ascribes to verbally and intellectually
ii. Active values, in contrast, are those a person physically acts out
iii. a nurse may claim to value the worth of all people equally (cognitive
value), but may treat individuals of various races differently and provide
the most time and concern for those who are racially similar to the nurse
(active value)
b. valuing process:
i. Choosing (Cognitive)
1. (1) Choosing freely
2. (2) Choosing from alternatives
3. (3) Choosing after careful consideration of potential outcomes of
each alternative
ii. Prizing (Affective/emotional process)
1. (4) Cherishing and being happy with personal beliefs and actions
2. (5) Affirming the choice in public, when appropriate
iii. Acting (behavior)
1. (6) Acting out the choice
2. (7) Repeatedly acting in some type of pattern
, c. Life events and social processes can spark a reappraisal of personal values.
d. Values clarification is a method for discovering one’s values and the importance
of these values
i. helps people recognize what values they hold and evaluate how those
values influence their actions
ii. doesn’t tell a person how to act
iii. Values clarification becomes a clinical aim when individuals’ values lead
to behaviors that conflict with the nurse’s value of promoting health
3. Values and therapeutic use of self
a. Therapeutic use of self is the application of one’s cognitions, perceptions, and
behaviors to create interpersonal encounters that promote health in another
person, family, group, or community
b. Without self-awareness and clarification of values, therapeutic use of self is
impaired
c. Self-concept is a mental picture of the self (a composite view of personal
characteristics, abilities, limitations, and aspirations)
d. Self-esteem, the affective component of self-perception, refers to how individuals
feel about the way that they see themselves
e. Self-awareness involves interactions between the self and the external world and
the symbolic connections created by the individual
f. Components of self (Johari window)
i. (1) The public self, which is shown to others (if small, means little self-
awareness; if large, means person is open to the world and is comfortable
with his or her self-concept, which is the goal, for this part to be large and
other 3 to be small)
ii. (2) The semipublic self, which is seen by others but may be outside the
individual’s awareness
iii. (3) The private self, which is known to the individual, but not revealed to
others
iv. (4) The inner self, which is the unconscious portion not known even to the
individual because it has anxiety-provoking content (if large, means a lot
Edelman: Ch4
1. The Therapeutic Relationship
a. Nurse-person interaction is an interpersonal process in which both parties have an
emotional involvement with each other, there is a degree of mutuality and
reciprocity whereby needs and expectations are shared
b. Successful health promotion involves interpersonal skills, personal insight,
accountability, mutual respect, and a supportive working milieu (social
environment)
2. Values clarification
a. Values are qualities, principles, attitudes, or beliefs about the inherent worth of an
object, behavior, or idea that guide action by sanctioning certain behaviors and
disavowing others
i. Cognitive values are those a person ascribes to verbally and intellectually
ii. Active values, in contrast, are those a person physically acts out
iii. a nurse may claim to value the worth of all people equally (cognitive
value), but may treat individuals of various races differently and provide
the most time and concern for those who are racially similar to the nurse
(active value)
b. valuing process:
i. Choosing (Cognitive)
1. (1) Choosing freely
2. (2) Choosing from alternatives
3. (3) Choosing after careful consideration of potential outcomes of
each alternative
ii. Prizing (Affective/emotional process)
1. (4) Cherishing and being happy with personal beliefs and actions
2. (5) Affirming the choice in public, when appropriate
iii. Acting (behavior)
1. (6) Acting out the choice
2. (7) Repeatedly acting in some type of pattern
, c. Life events and social processes can spark a reappraisal of personal values.
d. Values clarification is a method for discovering one’s values and the importance
of these values
i. helps people recognize what values they hold and evaluate how those
values influence their actions
ii. doesn’t tell a person how to act
iii. Values clarification becomes a clinical aim when individuals’ values lead
to behaviors that conflict with the nurse’s value of promoting health
3. Values and therapeutic use of self
a. Therapeutic use of self is the application of one’s cognitions, perceptions, and
behaviors to create interpersonal encounters that promote health in another
person, family, group, or community
b. Without self-awareness and clarification of values, therapeutic use of self is
impaired
c. Self-concept is a mental picture of the self (a composite view of personal
characteristics, abilities, limitations, and aspirations)
d. Self-esteem, the affective component of self-perception, refers to how individuals
feel about the way that they see themselves
e. Self-awareness involves interactions between the self and the external world and
the symbolic connections created by the individual
f. Components of self (Johari window)
i. (1) The public self, which is shown to others (if small, means little self-
awareness; if large, means person is open to the world and is comfortable
with his or her self-concept, which is the goal, for this part to be large and
other 3 to be small)
ii. (2) The semipublic self, which is seen by others but may be outside the
individual’s awareness
iii. (3) The private self, which is known to the individual, but not revealed to
others
iv. (4) The inner self, which is the unconscious portion not known even to the
individual because it has anxiety-provoking content (if large, means a lot
