Preamble:
We discussed in the previous Lesson:
What is a short informal report
How to write it? And in which format?
Learning Outcomes:
Understanding and application of the content and producing the types of technical
report accordingly.
Are you ready?
How do you report things generally?
What do you know about the structure of long formal report?
Topic of the day:
Long Formal Report
Types of Long Formal Report
Routine/Periodic/Progress Reports
These are the most common types of reports and are written at regular intervals – daily,
weekly, monthly, quarterly or annually. The Customer Service/Personnel Reports, Sales
Reports and Financial Reports come under this category.
Informational Reports
When you need to provide information without opinion or suggestions, an
informational report is typically the best format. For example, if you need information about
how many employees work in each department and their job function, you would create an
informational report. You might include employee names, years of service and salary, as well
as an organizational chart.
Analytical Reports
These include investigation of an issue or problem. When a company is trying to solve
a problem or make a decision, an analytical report might be necessary. These reports offer
both a narration of facts as well as data, explanations and conclusions. For example, a
quarterly sales analysis might detail corporate initiatives, sales, expenditures and profit and
loss.
Justification Reports with Recommendations
Often, the managerial people have to justify their decisions. The facts gathered,
interpreted, offered, and the recommendations given go into this report.
, Situational Reports
After attending conferences, seminars and undertaking official trips, managers have to
give feedback on their experiences and about the knowledge they have gained.
Feasibility Reports
A feasibility report is written so that the decision makers can decide or choose between
viable options. Based on the analysis of a business proposition, these reports are submitted so
that the higher authorities can decide whether to proceed with the project or not.
Research Reports
When executives make decisions about new products and services, expanding
personnel or layoffs, they might use research reports. Research specialists or teams are given
an issue or topic and asked to create a report that provides all details about the topic,
including relevant facts and statistics and offers the conclusions.
Business Plan/Proposal
These are persuasive reports which try to answer all the basic questions that investors
may want to know.
Technical Reports
There could be prescribed routine check-up reports of the Annual Maintenance of the
sugar mill machinery.
Steps in Report Writing
First determine the report goal, i.e. what is the reason for writing the report?
Evaluate the readership – who will read the report? Accordingly determine the
input and style
Conduct research – identify the methods you will use to collect, and present the
data.
Get down to write the actual report; develop the main ideas and substantiate with
facts.
Revise the report and correct all the flaws. Revise the entire report to see that it is
logical, clear and has all the relevant details.