PMHNP Certification Exam| 2023/2024 Test Bank,
Complete Verified Solution
Tarasoff Principle
1976 - duty to warn victims of potential harm from client
Deontological Theory
Ethical theory that states an action is judged as good or bad based on the act itself
regardless of the consequences
Teleological Theory
Ethical theory that states an action is judged as good or bad based on the consequence
or outcome
Virtue ethics
ethical theory that states actions are chosen based on the moral virtues (eg. honesty,
courage, compassion, wisdom, gratitude, self-respect) or the character of the person
making the decision
Erikson's developmental stage infancy age range
birth-1 year
Erikson's developmental stage infancy developmental tasks
trust vs. mistrust
Erikson's developmental stage infancy indications of developmental mastery
Ability to form meaningful relationships, hope about the future trust in others
Erikson's developmental stage infancy indication of developmental failure
poor relationships, lack of future hope, suspicious of others
Erikson's developmental stage early childhood age
1-3 yo
Erikson's developmental stage early childhood developmental task
autonomy vs. shame and doubt
Erikson's developmental stage early childhood indications of developmental
mastery
self-control, self-esteem, willpower
Erikson's developmental stage early childhood indications of developmental
failure
poor self-control, low self esteem, self-doubt, lack of independence
Erikson's developmental stage late childhood age
3-6yo
Erikson's developmental stage late childhood developmental task
initiative vs guilt
Erikson's developmental stage late childhood indications of developmental
mastery
self-directed behavior, goal formation, sense of purpose
Erikson's developmental stage late childhood indications of developmental
failure
lack of self-initiated behavior, lack of goal orientation
Erikson's developmental stage school-age ages
,6-12yo
Erikson's developmental stage school-age developmental task
industry vs. inferiority
Erikson's developmental stage school-age indications of developmental mastery
ability to work; sense of competency and achievement
Erikson's developmental stage school-age indications of developmental failure
sense of inferiority, difficulty with working, learning
Erikson's developmental stage adolescence ages
12-20yo
Erikson's developmental stage adolescence developmental task
identity vs role confusion
Erikson's developmental stage adolescence indications of developmental
mastery
personal sense of identity
Erikson's developmental stage adolescence indications of developmental failure
identity confusion, poor self-identification in group settings
Erikson's developmental stage early adulthood ages
20-35 years
Erikson's developmental stage early adulthood developmental task
intimacy vs isolation
Erikson's developmental stage early adulthood indications of developmental
mastery
committed relationships, capacity to love
Erikson's developmental stage early adulthood indications of developmental
failure
emotional isolation, egocentrism
Erikson's developmental stage middle adulthood ages
35-65 yo
Erikson's developmental stage middle adulthood developmental task
generativity vs. self-absorption or stagnation
Erikson's developmental stage middle adulthood indications of developmental
mastery
ability to give time and talents to others, ability to care for others
Erikson's developmental stage middle adulthood indications of developmental
failure
self-absorption, inability to row and change as a person, inability to care for others
Erikson's developmental stage late adulthood age
>65yo
Erikson's developmental stage late adulthood developmental task
integrity vs despair
Erikson's developmental stage late adulthood indications of developmental
mastery
fulfilment and comfort with life, willingness to face death, insight and balanced
perspective on life's events
Erikson's developmental stage late adulthood indications of developmental
failure
,bitterness, sense of dissatisfaction with life, despair over impending death
Psychodynamic (Psychoanalytic) Theory
-Sigmund Freud
-all bx is purposeful and meaningful
-principle of psychic determinism
-most mental activity is unconscious
-conscious behaviors and choices are affected by unconscious mental content
-childhood experiences shape adult personality
-instincts, urges, or fantasies function as drives that motivate thoughts, feelings, and bx
-Id, Ego, Superego
-conflict is experienced consciously as anxiety
Principle of psychic determinism
Even apparently meaningless, random, or accidental behavior is actually motivated by
underlying unconscious mental content
Intellectual disability typical age onset
infancy- usually evident at birth
ADHD typical age onset
early childhood (per DSM by age 12)
Schizophrenia typical age onset
18-25 for men
25-35 for women
Major Depression typical age onset
late adolescence to young adulthood
dementia typical age onset
most common after age 85
Freud's Id
-contains primary drives or instincts
-drives are largely unconscious
-operates on the pleasure principle
-"I want"
pleasure principle
the id seeks immediate satisfaction
freud's ego
-rational mind, logical and abstract thinking
-"I think, I evaluate"
Freud's superego
-sense of conscience or right vs wrong
-develops around age 6
-"I should or ought"
Freud's psychosexual stage of development oral stage age
0-18 months
Freud's psychosexual stage of development oral stage primary means of
discharging drives and achieving gratification
sucking, chewing, feeding, crying
Freud's psychosexual stage of development oral stage psych disorder linked to
failure of stage
, schizophrenia, substance abuse, paranoia
Freud's psychosexual stage of development anal stage age
18 months-3 years
Freud's psychosexual stage of development anal stage primary means of
discharging drives and achieving gratification
sphincter control, activities of expulsion and retention
Freud's psychosexual stage of development anal stage psych disorder linked to
failure of stage
depressive disorder
Freud's psychosexual stage of development phallic stage age
3-6 years
Freud's psychosexual stage of development phallic stage primary means of
discharging drives and achieving gratification
exhibitionism, masturbation with focus on Oedipal conflict, castration anxiety, and
female fear of lost maternal love
Freud's psychosexual stage of development phallic stage psychiatric disorder
linked to failure of stage
sexual identity disorders
Freud's psychosexual stage of development latency stage age
6years-puberty
Freud's psychosexual stage of development latency stage primary means of
discharging drives and achieving gratification
peer relationships, learning, motor-skills development, socialization
Freud's psychosexual stage of development latency stage psych disorder linked
to failure of stage
inability to form social relationships
Freud's psychosexual stage of development genital stage age
puberty forward
Freud's psychosexual stage of development genital stage primary means of
discharging drives and achieving gratification
integration and synthesis of behaviors from early stages, primary genital-based
sexuality
Freud's psychosexual stage of development genital stage psych disorder linked
to failure of sage
sexual perversion disorders
Cognitive Theory
-Piaget
- four stages of development
Piaget developmental stage sensorimotor age
birth-2 years
Piaget developmental stage sensorimotor
the critical achievement of this stage is object permanence
Piaget developmental stage preoperational age
2-7 years
Piaget developmental stage preoperational
Complete Verified Solution
Tarasoff Principle
1976 - duty to warn victims of potential harm from client
Deontological Theory
Ethical theory that states an action is judged as good or bad based on the act itself
regardless of the consequences
Teleological Theory
Ethical theory that states an action is judged as good or bad based on the consequence
or outcome
Virtue ethics
ethical theory that states actions are chosen based on the moral virtues (eg. honesty,
courage, compassion, wisdom, gratitude, self-respect) or the character of the person
making the decision
Erikson's developmental stage infancy age range
birth-1 year
Erikson's developmental stage infancy developmental tasks
trust vs. mistrust
Erikson's developmental stage infancy indications of developmental mastery
Ability to form meaningful relationships, hope about the future trust in others
Erikson's developmental stage infancy indication of developmental failure
poor relationships, lack of future hope, suspicious of others
Erikson's developmental stage early childhood age
1-3 yo
Erikson's developmental stage early childhood developmental task
autonomy vs. shame and doubt
Erikson's developmental stage early childhood indications of developmental
mastery
self-control, self-esteem, willpower
Erikson's developmental stage early childhood indications of developmental
failure
poor self-control, low self esteem, self-doubt, lack of independence
Erikson's developmental stage late childhood age
3-6yo
Erikson's developmental stage late childhood developmental task
initiative vs guilt
Erikson's developmental stage late childhood indications of developmental
mastery
self-directed behavior, goal formation, sense of purpose
Erikson's developmental stage late childhood indications of developmental
failure
lack of self-initiated behavior, lack of goal orientation
Erikson's developmental stage school-age ages
,6-12yo
Erikson's developmental stage school-age developmental task
industry vs. inferiority
Erikson's developmental stage school-age indications of developmental mastery
ability to work; sense of competency and achievement
Erikson's developmental stage school-age indications of developmental failure
sense of inferiority, difficulty with working, learning
Erikson's developmental stage adolescence ages
12-20yo
Erikson's developmental stage adolescence developmental task
identity vs role confusion
Erikson's developmental stage adolescence indications of developmental
mastery
personal sense of identity
Erikson's developmental stage adolescence indications of developmental failure
identity confusion, poor self-identification in group settings
Erikson's developmental stage early adulthood ages
20-35 years
Erikson's developmental stage early adulthood developmental task
intimacy vs isolation
Erikson's developmental stage early adulthood indications of developmental
mastery
committed relationships, capacity to love
Erikson's developmental stage early adulthood indications of developmental
failure
emotional isolation, egocentrism
Erikson's developmental stage middle adulthood ages
35-65 yo
Erikson's developmental stage middle adulthood developmental task
generativity vs. self-absorption or stagnation
Erikson's developmental stage middle adulthood indications of developmental
mastery
ability to give time and talents to others, ability to care for others
Erikson's developmental stage middle adulthood indications of developmental
failure
self-absorption, inability to row and change as a person, inability to care for others
Erikson's developmental stage late adulthood age
>65yo
Erikson's developmental stage late adulthood developmental task
integrity vs despair
Erikson's developmental stage late adulthood indications of developmental
mastery
fulfilment and comfort with life, willingness to face death, insight and balanced
perspective on life's events
Erikson's developmental stage late adulthood indications of developmental
failure
,bitterness, sense of dissatisfaction with life, despair over impending death
Psychodynamic (Psychoanalytic) Theory
-Sigmund Freud
-all bx is purposeful and meaningful
-principle of psychic determinism
-most mental activity is unconscious
-conscious behaviors and choices are affected by unconscious mental content
-childhood experiences shape adult personality
-instincts, urges, or fantasies function as drives that motivate thoughts, feelings, and bx
-Id, Ego, Superego
-conflict is experienced consciously as anxiety
Principle of psychic determinism
Even apparently meaningless, random, or accidental behavior is actually motivated by
underlying unconscious mental content
Intellectual disability typical age onset
infancy- usually evident at birth
ADHD typical age onset
early childhood (per DSM by age 12)
Schizophrenia typical age onset
18-25 for men
25-35 for women
Major Depression typical age onset
late adolescence to young adulthood
dementia typical age onset
most common after age 85
Freud's Id
-contains primary drives or instincts
-drives are largely unconscious
-operates on the pleasure principle
-"I want"
pleasure principle
the id seeks immediate satisfaction
freud's ego
-rational mind, logical and abstract thinking
-"I think, I evaluate"
Freud's superego
-sense of conscience or right vs wrong
-develops around age 6
-"I should or ought"
Freud's psychosexual stage of development oral stage age
0-18 months
Freud's psychosexual stage of development oral stage primary means of
discharging drives and achieving gratification
sucking, chewing, feeding, crying
Freud's psychosexual stage of development oral stage psych disorder linked to
failure of stage
, schizophrenia, substance abuse, paranoia
Freud's psychosexual stage of development anal stage age
18 months-3 years
Freud's psychosexual stage of development anal stage primary means of
discharging drives and achieving gratification
sphincter control, activities of expulsion and retention
Freud's psychosexual stage of development anal stage psych disorder linked to
failure of stage
depressive disorder
Freud's psychosexual stage of development phallic stage age
3-6 years
Freud's psychosexual stage of development phallic stage primary means of
discharging drives and achieving gratification
exhibitionism, masturbation with focus on Oedipal conflict, castration anxiety, and
female fear of lost maternal love
Freud's psychosexual stage of development phallic stage psychiatric disorder
linked to failure of stage
sexual identity disorders
Freud's psychosexual stage of development latency stage age
6years-puberty
Freud's psychosexual stage of development latency stage primary means of
discharging drives and achieving gratification
peer relationships, learning, motor-skills development, socialization
Freud's psychosexual stage of development latency stage psych disorder linked
to failure of stage
inability to form social relationships
Freud's psychosexual stage of development genital stage age
puberty forward
Freud's psychosexual stage of development genital stage primary means of
discharging drives and achieving gratification
integration and synthesis of behaviors from early stages, primary genital-based
sexuality
Freud's psychosexual stage of development genital stage psych disorder linked
to failure of sage
sexual perversion disorders
Cognitive Theory
-Piaget
- four stages of development
Piaget developmental stage sensorimotor age
birth-2 years
Piaget developmental stage sensorimotor
the critical achievement of this stage is object permanence
Piaget developmental stage preoperational age
2-7 years
Piaget developmental stage preoperational
