EEG Boards 2023 with complete solution questions and answers

The basic measurement for measuring current flow ampere The basic unit of resistance Ohm The unit for measuring alternating frequencies volt A circuit that allows some frequencies to pass through it, while others are blocked filter Electric components that are designed to increase the power, voltage or current of a signal amplifier The EEG amplifier is designed so that when input 1 is more negative than input 2 the deflection would be: upward Common Mode rejection is: the characteristic of an amplifier that rejects external interference Which is most attenuated by a low frequency of 1 Hz? 0.5Hz, 5.0Hz, 10.0Hz, 0.1 Hz 0.1 Hz Time constant is defined as the time required for the deflection to fall 77% of the peak deflection According to ACNS Guidelines, recording clinical EEG on digital media requires monitors to have Between 25 and 35 mm/sec scaling and a minimum of 100 data points/second to accurately display EEG on the monitor screen. According to ACSN guidelines 2006, the minimum sampling rate for EEG data, should be at least________times the highest high frequency setting three Temporary memory storage that is critical to rapid computer operations RAM The central sulcus (fissures of Rolando) demarcates The frontal and parietal lobes The diencephalon is composed of hypothalmus and thalmus The midbrain, pons and medulla comprise the brainstem Two important functions of the medulla are respiration and regulation of the heart rate The trigeminal nerve is the major sensory nerve of the face Thrombosis of the anterior cerebral artery is most likely to cause contralateral lower extremity weakness Thrombosis of the right middle cerebral artery would most likely cause left sided paralysis, primarily of the face and arm The foramen of Munro is the opening between the lateral ventricles and the third ventricle of the brain The resting potential of a neuron is 50-100 uV with the inside of the cell more negative than the outside A malignant tumor primarily seen in children medullaryblastoma Cafe-au-lait spots and neurofibromas are associated with Van Recklinghousen's disease Substantia nigra is affected by which disorder Parkinsonism Port wine stain is associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome Megabyte is how many bytes 1 million A patient with senory aphasia will have difficulty comprehending the meaning of words or phrases Fasciculation refers to involuntary twitching of the muscle fibers PET )Positron emission tomography is used for visualizing the metabolism of the brain the ration of chest compressions to breaths in one person CPR is 30:1 An asymmetry of the occipital alph rhythm voltage from the two hemispheres should be no greater than 50% Symmetry of sleep spindles, when present, is important in the evaluation of the physiological maturation of an infant trace alternant, isolated frontal sharp waves, beta-delta complexes are normal in infants a common seizure pattern in neonates is rhythmic focal activity interictal discharges in patients with complex partial seizures are most likely to be recorded in the EEG during stage 1 sleep The International Classification of Epilepsies and Epileptic Syndromes places juvenile myoclonic epilepsy under which catagory? generalized epilepsies and syndromes Intracerebral hemorrhage from the middle cerebral artery is likely to produce and EEG finding of delta activity over the frontotemporal area of the afflicted area This type of EEG activity most often appears in association with rapidly growing tumors such as glioblastoma multiforme and cerebral metastic lesions polymorphic delta activity The drug phenytoin (Dilantin) will have little effect on the EEG at theraputic levels, however when approaching toxic levels the drug can cause what EEG change? a slowing of the background alpha Increasing the depth of anesthesia causes what sequences of EEG changes? increased beta, then intermixed theta, then delta, with burst suppression if the anesthesia is deep enough Antidepressants can cause what change to an EEG, even at therapeutic doses increases theta and beta activity Aliasing is caused by insuffient sampling rate Horizontal resolutin refers to the number of data ponts that are stored to record a signal in each second across time The minimum requirements for a monitor to display EEG accurately are met with monitors that have at leas 1024 data points across the screen ACNS Guidelines 2006 state that vertical scaling on digital EEG instruments should have a minimum of _______per channels when displaying up to _____ channels 10 mm, 21 Cancellation occurs when The voltage in input 1 is the same as input 2 In an EEG instrument, what component transforms AC into DC the power supply What kind of amplifiers are used to pick up biological signals differential En EEG instrument's common mode rejection ration should be very high Low frequency filters are also called high pass filters How would a 15 Hx HFF affect 15 Hz sleep spindles? decrease amplitude by 30% A longer time constant results in more slow frequencies recorded a short time constant results in decrease in slow activity The forces opposing direct current flow resistance The opposition to the flow of alternating current Impedance Congenital anomalies of the hindbrain with caudal displacement of pons, medulla and cerebellar vermis is called Arnold-Chiari malformation An autosomal recessive (chromosome 13) disorder of copper metabolism also called hepatolenticular degeneration, with symptoms of behavioral changes, ataxia, dysarthria ands abnormal movements as well as hepatic dysfunction Wilsons disease EEG pattern of hypsarrythmia West syndrome A genetic epilepsy syndrome whos gene has been mapped to chromosome 6 and becomes evident in normal teenagers with early mornings myoclonic jerks and generally clonic tonic seizures Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy of Janz Characterized by multiple seizure types that are difficult to control, especially atonic seizures and atypical absences, in addition to generalized convulsions and an abnormal interictal EEG with generalized 2-2.5 slow spike and wave discharges Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome A fatal genetic lipid storage disorder seen in infants in which harmful quantities of fatty substance called ganglioside builds up in the tissue and nerves cells in the brain. After normal development during the first few months of life, there is progressive deterioration including seizures, deafness, blindness and paralysis Tay-Sachs disease Old bone is broken down and replace at a faster rate than normal. The newer bone is larger, softer, weaker, and more easily broke than normal bone. this disease can affect any bones, including skull, spine, hip, pelvis and limbs Paget's disease Similar to Alzheimer's it affects the frontal and temporal lobes first, with earliest symptoms showing up as changes in personality, and a decline in function at home and at work. Pick's disease Abrief period of transient paralysis following a seizure Todd's paralysis A rare chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease usually affecting only one hemisphere of the brain characterized by frequent and severe seizures, loss of motor and speech as well as hemiparesis and mental retardation. Onset is common in childhood and rare in adolescents and adults Rassmussen's Encephalitis A disease of unknown causes usually following a viral infection in children who have taken aspirin, and resulting in vomiting, listlessness, personality changes, disorientation, seizures and loss of consciousness Reyes Syndrome A neurological disorder indicated at birth by seizures accompanied by a large port-wine stain birthmark on the forehead and cerebral cortex atrophy and increase pressure within the eye on the affected side Sturge Weber Syndrome Cyclically increasing and decreasing respiratory depth and rate, separated by apneic phases, suggesting bilaterally deep cerebral hemispheric or diencehphalic dysfunction or may be produced by any encephalopathic state Cheyne-Stokes Respiration Lambda can be elicited by scanning a complex image Hypocapnia causes the blood vessels to constrict The maximum leakage current allowed at the chassis when the ground wire is disabled is 10 uA A full term neonate usually enters sleep in which stage REM Mu rhythm is highest amplitude in Central Slow waves of youth are attenuated with Sleep tranients is well defines y age 2 to 3 months eye opening Drowsiness in an 8 year old is characterized by alpha dropout During active sleep, the full term infant has irregular respirations aand eye movements High voltage diffuse rhythmic theta in a one year old child indicates that the child is drowsy Sleep transients is well defined by age 2-3 months sleep spindles no alteration in consciousness is characteristic of what type of seizure simple partial Alzheimer's disease is a term for a dementia with amyloid plaques and neuronal tangles The term used to described the result of differential amplification when both inputs are of equal voltage values Cancellation What term describes the resulting output when two inputs of opposite polarity are subtracted during differential amplification process Summation When a patient opens his eyes, the eyeballs roll in which direction? down What are the two major classifications of seizure types generalized and partial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is associated with which of the following EEG pattern periodic complexes the term complex in complex partial seizure indicates impairment of consciousness The period pattern seen with Herpes Simplex Encephalitis most often occurs in the temporal lobes 1-2.5 Hz generalized spike and wave is the characteristic pattern of Lennox-Gaustaut syndrome The patient is able to recall events about a seizure itself after a simple partial seizure