Week 4
The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Hip Joint:
o Ball-and-socket joint
o Head of femur connects with the acetabulum of the pelvic girdle
The pelvic Girdle:
o Consists of a right and left pelvic bone joined together by the sacrum
The Sacrum:
o An extension of the spinal column
o Consists of 5 fused vertebrae.
o Extending inferiorly from the sacrum is the coccyx
Pelvic Bone:
o Can be dived into 3 areas:
1. Upper two-fifths = Ilium
2. Posterior/lower two-fifths = Ischium
3. Anterior/lower one-fifth = Pubis
Femur
Is the longest/strongest bone in the body
Femoral Head connects to the acetabulum (attached by ligament of head of femur)
The femoral head is a common fracture site
, Muscle attachment sites on the femur:
o Greater/lesser trochanters
o Linea Aspera
o Gluteal Tuberosity
o The medial/lateral condyles connect with the Tibia
Patella
Is a large sesamoid bone
Forms within the tendon of quadriceps femoris muscle group
Is the insertion point for all 4 quad muscles
Proximal Tibia/Fibula (Calf bones):
o Is the insertion point for the rest of the hip muscles
Muscle Attachment to Bony Landmarks
Anterior Iliac Crest (Origin) = Tensor Fascia Latae
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (Origin) = Sartorius
Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (Origin) = Rectus Femoris
Posterior Iliac Crest and Posterior Sacrum/Coccyx (Origin) = Glute Max
Ischial Tuberosity (Origin) = Hamstrings
, Pubis/Inferior Ramus (Origin) = Hip Adductors (adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis,
pectineus, gracilis).
Greater Trochanter (Insertion) = All Gluteal Muscles and 5/6 deep external rotators
Lesser Trochanter (Insertion) = Iliopsoas
Linea Aspera (Insertion) = All hip adductors
Tibial Tuberosity (Insertion) = All 4 quad muscles
Proximal Tibia/Fibula (Insertion) = Sartorius, Gracilis, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus, Biceps
Femoris, Tensor Fascia Latae
The Female Pelvis
Compared to the male:
o Is smoother/lighter
o Has less prominent markings
o Has an enlarged pelvic outlet
o Has a wider, more circular pelvic inlet
o Has less sacral curvature
o Has a broader Pubic angle
Joints of the Hip/Pelvic Girdle
Anteriorly:
o The pelvic bones are joined to form the Symphysis Pubis which is an amphiarthrodial joint
(slightly moveable)
Posteriorly:
o The sacrum is located between the 2 pelvic bones and forms the sacroiliac joints which are
also amphiarthrodial (slightly moveable)
The Hip (Acetabular Femoral Joint):
o Freely moveable
The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Hip Joint:
o Ball-and-socket joint
o Head of femur connects with the acetabulum of the pelvic girdle
The pelvic Girdle:
o Consists of a right and left pelvic bone joined together by the sacrum
The Sacrum:
o An extension of the spinal column
o Consists of 5 fused vertebrae.
o Extending inferiorly from the sacrum is the coccyx
Pelvic Bone:
o Can be dived into 3 areas:
1. Upper two-fifths = Ilium
2. Posterior/lower two-fifths = Ischium
3. Anterior/lower one-fifth = Pubis
Femur
Is the longest/strongest bone in the body
Femoral Head connects to the acetabulum (attached by ligament of head of femur)
The femoral head is a common fracture site
, Muscle attachment sites on the femur:
o Greater/lesser trochanters
o Linea Aspera
o Gluteal Tuberosity
o The medial/lateral condyles connect with the Tibia
Patella
Is a large sesamoid bone
Forms within the tendon of quadriceps femoris muscle group
Is the insertion point for all 4 quad muscles
Proximal Tibia/Fibula (Calf bones):
o Is the insertion point for the rest of the hip muscles
Muscle Attachment to Bony Landmarks
Anterior Iliac Crest (Origin) = Tensor Fascia Latae
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (Origin) = Sartorius
Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (Origin) = Rectus Femoris
Posterior Iliac Crest and Posterior Sacrum/Coccyx (Origin) = Glute Max
Ischial Tuberosity (Origin) = Hamstrings
, Pubis/Inferior Ramus (Origin) = Hip Adductors (adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis,
pectineus, gracilis).
Greater Trochanter (Insertion) = All Gluteal Muscles and 5/6 deep external rotators
Lesser Trochanter (Insertion) = Iliopsoas
Linea Aspera (Insertion) = All hip adductors
Tibial Tuberosity (Insertion) = All 4 quad muscles
Proximal Tibia/Fibula (Insertion) = Sartorius, Gracilis, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus, Biceps
Femoris, Tensor Fascia Latae
The Female Pelvis
Compared to the male:
o Is smoother/lighter
o Has less prominent markings
o Has an enlarged pelvic outlet
o Has a wider, more circular pelvic inlet
o Has less sacral curvature
o Has a broader Pubic angle
Joints of the Hip/Pelvic Girdle
Anteriorly:
o The pelvic bones are joined to form the Symphysis Pubis which is an amphiarthrodial joint
(slightly moveable)
Posteriorly:
o The sacrum is located between the 2 pelvic bones and forms the sacroiliac joints which are
also amphiarthrodial (slightly moveable)
The Hip (Acetabular Femoral Joint):
o Freely moveable
