(answered 2023) WGU D075 Information Technology Management Essentials with complete solutions (200 Q&A)

WGU D075 Information Technology Management 1. Adware: Programs that automatically display or download advertising to a com- puter. 2. Application Software: Software that is designed for the user to carry out a specific task. 3. Best Practice: A management process, technique, or method that is most effective at arriving at a desired outcome or a better outcome than any other process, technique, or method. 4. Big Data: Data that is collected from all over the internet, including smartphone metadata, internet usage records, social media activity, computer usage records, and countless other data sources. 5. Bus Topology: A network topology sometimes called a linear bus, where each of a network's nodes is connected to a common linear backbone that has two endpoints. 6. Business Analytics: Attempts to make connections between data so organiza- tions can try to predict future trends that may give them a competitive advantage. 7. Business Intelligence (BI): Strategies and technologies used by enterprises for the data analysis of business information. 8. Cache: A hardware or software component that stores data so that future requests for that data can be served faster. 9. Campus Area Network (CAN): A computer network that connects two or more LANs that are located on a campus. 10. Chief Information Officer (CIO): A job title for the board-level head of an information technology department within a business organization. The CIO's job is to make sure IT assets are in place to ensure a smooth transition. 11. Chief Information Security Officer (CISO): The CISO is generally focused on the security of an organization's data and information, making sure it is backed up, deciding who gets to see it and who does not, and so on. 12. Chief Security Officer (CSO): A CSO is in charge of such things as the physical security and safety of employees, facilities, and corporate assets and may have a law enforcement background. 13. Chief Technology Officers (CTO): The CTO runs the organization's IT engi- neering group and serves as the company's top technology architect. 14. Click Fraud: An internet fraud scheme that automatically passes a user to an advertiser, whether they had any intention of visiting or not, in order to collect a per-click fee. 15. Clients: An end user's computer in a computer network. 16. Computer Network: Two or more computers connected together to commu- nicate and share resources. 17. Cybersecurity: The convergence of technologies, sound practice, and processes designed to protect networks and their devices, programs, and data from attack or unauthorized access. 18. Data Analysis: The application of statistics and logic techniques to define, illustrate, and evaluate data. 19. Data Management (DM): The practices, architectural techniques, and tools for achieving consistent access to and delivery of data across the spectrum of data subject areas and data structure types in the enterprise. 20. Data Management Processes: The process of acquiring data, making sure the data are valid, and then storing and processing the data into usable information for a business. 21. Data Mapping: Extra notes about the definition of a field, its data, and its use. 22. Data Mining: The examination of huge sets of data to find patterns and connections and identify outliers and hidden relationships. 23. Database Administrators (DBAs): DBAs categorize data requirements and create the database entities and models that ensure accurate and smooth-flowing information throughout a business. 24. Database Management System Software (DBMS): An application software that is used to create a collection of related files that consist of records of data separated by fields that can be queried to produce populations of information. 25. Databases: Well-thought-out collections of computer files, the most important of which are called tables. 26. Default-allow Firewall Rule: A rule that all traffic is allowed unless it has been specifically blocked. 27. Default-deny Firewall Rule: The only network connections that are permitted are the ones that have been explicitly allowed. 28. Denial-of-service: An attempt to make a computer or any of its resources unavailable to its intended users. 29. Disk Storage: Nonvolatile, secondary storage on a physical device like a hard drive or optical disk with a read/write apparatus. 30. Ethernet Card: Provides the computer with a unique 48-bit address called a MAC (media access control) address. No two Ethernet cards have the same address. 31. Extract, Transform, and Load: Tools that are used to standardize data across systems and allow the data to be queried. 32. File Allocation Table (FAT): A table of contents that directs the read/write arm of the hard drive to the location where data exist and accesses the data upon the user's request. 33. Firewall: Specialized hardware and software that ensures that only authorized personnel can access and use an organization's intranet. 34. Foreign Key: A field in a database table that provides a link between two tables in a relational database. 35. Gantt Chart: A type of bar chart that illustrates a project schedule. 36. Graphical User Interface (GUI): The visual system of computer screen de- signs that allow a user to interact with an electronic device. 37. Hardware: The physical part of the computer. 38. Hypertext Markup Language (HTML): The major markup language used to create web pages. 39. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): Protocol used to define how messages are formatted and transmitted on the internet. 40. IT Managers: IT managers are in charge of software application development teams that develop, design, program, and test software applications. 41. Identity Theft: A crime concerning the unlawful practice of assuming another individual's identity. 42. Information Security Analysts (ISA): ISAs are responsible for protecting all sensitive information within an organization. 43. Information Technology: The study, design, development, implementation, support, and management of computer-based information systems, particularly software and hardware. 44. Infrastructure: The underlying foundation or basic framework for an organiza- tion or project. 45. Internet Fraud: Refers to any fraudulent activity in an online setting. Internet fraud can occur through email systems, message boards, chat rooms, or websites. 46. Intranet: A private network that works the same way as the internet but is confined within an organization. 47. Keylogging: When a perpetrator logs on to a computer workstation and in- stalls a program that simply records every keystroke made at the workstation's keyboard. 48. Knowledge Management Systems (KMS): Collaborative systems that orga- nize, create, and distribute an organization's collective knowledge to its employees, which is called knowledge transfer. 49. Local Area Network (LAN): A computer network that is relatively small, typi- cally in a single building, but sometimes as small as a single room. 50. MAC (Media Access Control): A MAC is responsible for the transmission of data packets to and from the network interface card, and to and from another remotely shared channel. 51. Mainframe Computers: Massive, room-sized computers that process and store enormous amounts of bulk data and information. 52. Malware: Programs specifically intended to penetrate or damage a computer system without the end user's knowledge. 53. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): A computer network that connects two or more LANs or CANs together within the boundaries of a town or city. 54. Microcomputers: The least powerful computers in terms of processing and come in four typical configurations: desktop, laptop, tablet, and handheld. 55. Midrange Computers: Less powerful and smaller in physical size than main- frame computers, they do many of the same things but on a smaller scale. 56. Network Administrator: The person(s) responsible for smooth network op- erations, network performance, and implementation of new nodes or even new networks. 57. Network Hub: A central location of the computer network that serves as a traffic cop for network connection and communication. 58. Network Interface Controller: A card that is plugged into a slot on the moth- erboard inside of the computer and allows a network cable to be plugged in so it can interface or communicate with other computers.