APEA Predictor Exam Missed Questions Part 3

APEA Predictor Exam Missed Questions Part 3 When should pediatrics be screened for hyperlipidemia? Ans- between 9 and 11 years old What is the tell-tale symptom of endometriosis? Ans- progressive dysmenorrhea What is treatment for first-line endometriosis? Ans- cyclic OCPs and NSAIDs How is endometriosis diagnosed? Ans- via transvaginal ultrasound What are risk factors for the development of cervical cancer? Ans- HIV, immunocompromised, low socioeconomic status, smoking, hispanic, DES daughters, long term contraceptive use What does the D in melanoma stand for? Ans- greater than 6mm in diameter or 1/4 of an inch Boutonniere deformities are indicative of what disease? Ans- rheumatoid arthritis What are the potassium sparing diuretics? Ans- spironolactone, triamterene, amiloride, eplenerone What class of diuretic is bumetanide? Ans- a loop diuretic, same as lasix What is Chovstek's sign? Ans- a contraction of ipsilateral facial muscles subsequent to percussion over the facial nerve, indicative of hypocalcemia What is Trousseau's sign? Ans- a carpopedal spasm induced by ischemia secondary to the inflation of a sphygmomanometer cuff, indicative of hypocalcemia Calcium is in an inverse relationship with what electrolyte? Ans- phosphorous When you see the trigger word "christmas tree", what rash should you consider? Ans- pityriasis rosea What is the recommended treatment for pityriasis rosea? Ans- nothing; it is a viral rash and can last up to two months before clearing on it's own Causing harm or damage Ans- deleterious How do you calculate ideal body weight for men? Ans- start at 106 pounds and then add 6 for every inch above 5 feet How is lichen sclerosus treated? Ans- topical steroids, topical calcineuronin inhibitors to suppress the immune system, topical or oral retinoids, phototherapy What is the tell-tale sign of malignant hypertension? Ans- retinopathy and blurred vision; characterized by a diastolic BP of greater than 130 What is the difference between a Parkinsonian tremor and an essential tremor? Ans- a Parkinson tremor is also known as a resting tremor and is seen at rest, may look like pill-rolling. an essential tremor is bilateral, symmetric and seen when the hands are doing something What can worsen and improve an essential tremor? Ans- worsened by stress or fatigue, improved by alcohol What is first-line treatment for trigeminal neuralgia? Ans- carbamazepine (tegretol) or amtriptyline Are Parkinsonian tremors unilateral or bilateral at first? Ans- unilateral Where is the TMJ best palpated? Ans- anterior to the tragus What are the primary bacteria in dog bites? Ans- staph, strep, and pasteurella What is the gold standard treatment of giant cell arteritis? Ans- oral steroids and potential artery biopsy by rheum Who is a candidate for Truvada for Prep? Ans- if you are an IV drug user, have had a sexual partner with HIV in the last 6 months, do not consistently use a condom and engage in anal or vaginal sex, or have been diagnosed with a STD in the last 6 months Post exposure prophylaxis for someone with HIV should be completed when? Ans- within 72 hours of the exposure Who should be screened for HIV? Ans- everyone at least once from age 13-64 if low risk, and then more frequently if high risk Should patients undergo gonorrhea testing to confirm a cure after receiving treatment? Ans- only if they had pharyngeal gonorrhea, not vaginal or anal Tanner stage 1 female breast developmental Ans- prepubertal Tanner stage 2 female breast development Ans- thelarche; the breasts bud as a small mound and the areola increases in diameter Tanner stage 3 female breast development Ans- the areola, breast, and nipple grow together in one mount Tanner stage 4 female breast development Ans- the areola and nipple separate from the breast to form a secondary mound Tanner stage 5 female breast development Ans- mature nipples project only Tanner stage 1 male genital development Ans- prepubertal Tanner stage 2 male genital development Ans- testicles and scrotum enlarge Tanner stage 3 male genital development Ans- testicles continue to enlarge and the penis lengthens Tanner stage 4 male genital development Ans- penis lengthens, testicles enlarge, and the scrotum darkens Tanner stage 5 male genital development Ans- mature Antibiotic of choice for lyme disease Ans- doxycycline Antibiotic of choice for cellulitis Ans- keflex or cefdinir Antibiotic of choice for chlamydia Ans- azithromycin Antibiotic of choice for syphilis Ans- penicillin G Antibiotic of choice for bacterial vaginosis Ans- flagyl Antibiotic of choice for trichomoniasis Ans- flagyl Antibiotic of choice for acute prostatitis Ans- cipro (or ceftriaxone if STI related) Antibiotic of choice for PID Ans- ceftriaxone and doxycycline Antibiotic of choice for pyelonephritis Ans- cephalexin or bactrim Antibiotic of choice for MRSA Ans- bactrim, clindamycin, doxycycline Antibiotic of choice for dog or cat bite Ans- augmentin Antibiotic of choice for mastitis Ans- keflex Antibiotic of choice for chronic bacterial prostatitis Ans- bactrim plus cipro or levo What is the earliest sign of diabetic nephropathy on labwork? Ans- microalbuminuria in the urine Recommended treatment for verruca (warts) Ans- topical salicylic acid daily x 12 weeks Perineal pain is indicative of what in males? Ans- prostatiti