APEA Predictor Exam Missed Questions Part 2

APEA Predictor Exam Missed Questions Part 2 What is the recommended treatment for cat scratch disease? Ans- usually self-limiting and presents with lymphadenopathy that goes away on it's own; severe cases may benefit from azithromycin What is the most common cause of traveler's diarrhea? Ans- e coli What bacteria is responsible for causing cat scratch disease? Ans- bartonella henselae What are the 4 different components of tetralogy of fallot? Ans- overriding aorta, pulmonary stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, and a ventricular septal defect What does the murmur auscultated in tetralogy of fallot sound like? Ans- systolic murmur best heard at the left upper sternal border What does the murmur auscultated in a ventricular septal defect sound like? Ans- systolic murmur best heard at the left lower sternal border Where is the aorta best auscultated? Ans- at the second ICS to to the right of the sternum Where is the pulmonary artery best auscultated? Ans- at the second ICS to the left of the sternum What is a scotoma? Ans- a blind spot or aura that obstructs part of your vision Is presbyopia nearsightedness or farsightedness? Ans- farsightedness meaning it can be harder to see things up close, such as reading a newspaper and may need to hold it farther away or use reading glasses Is myopia nearsightedness or farsightedness? Ans- nearsightedness meaning it is hard to see things far away Do cataracts cause myopia or presbyopia? Ans- myopia; meaning nearsightedness and they make things blurry that are farther away which is why driving at night becomes difficult What is the USPSTF's recommendation on scoliosis screening for adolescents? Ans- insufficient When should adolescent girls be screened for scoliosis? Ans- as early as 10 years old and then again at age 12 When should adolescent boys be screening for scoliosis? Ans- between age 12-13 What is Auspitz sign? Ans- the appearance of small bleeding points after successive layers of scale have been removed from the surface of psoriatic papules or plaques A positive Auspitz sign is indicative of what? Ans- psoriasis When are pregnant women screening for gestational diabetes? Ans- week 24-28 What is round ligament pain? Ans- a deep, sharp, stabbing or stretching sensation that begins or worsens with movement and can be unilateral or bilateral. This is a normal and benign part of pregnancy What are the components of the fetal biophysical profile? Ans- nonstress test (heart rate monitoring), amniotic fluid analysis, fetal movements, fetal tone, and fetal breathing How is the fetal biophysical profile performed? Ans- via ultrasound and fetal heart rate monitoring When is the fetal biophysical profile often performed? Ans- in the third trimester, often after week 28- 32 What is a normal kick count in pregnancy? Ans- at least 10 kicks in a consecutive two hour period How much weight should an underweight woman gain in pregnancy? Ans- 28-40 pounds How much weight should a normal weight woman gain in pregnancy? Ans- 25-35 pounds How much weight should an overweight woman gain in pregnancy? Ans- 15-25 pounds How much weight should an obese woman gain in pregnancy? Ans- 11-20 pounds Underweight and normal weight woman should be gaining how much weight per week in their second and third trimesters? Ans- 1 pound Overweight and obese women should be gaining how much weight per week in their second and third trimesters? Ans- 0.5 pounds What is the biggest risk associated with scabies? Ans- secondary infection due to itching What do scabies look like on the skin? Ans- red papular bumps that have s shaped burrows on them; may have fluid coming from them Sickle cell anemia is what type of anemia? Ans- normocytic How is sickle cell anemia diagnosed? Ans- hemoglobin electrophoresis Which age group is rheumatic fever most common in? Ans- children ages 5-15 What are the major symptoms of rheumatic fever? Ans- carditis, arthritis, chorea, erythema marginatum (rash), subcutaneous nodules What are the minor symptoms of rheumatic fever? Ans- fever, elevated ESR, prolonged PR interval How do we treat rheumatic fever? Ans- refer to the hospital What is chorea? Ans- abnormal involuntary movements What are the main s/s of rubeiola (measles) Ans- Koplick spots + the 3 c's - cough, coryza, conjunctivitis GABHS infection puts individuals at the highest risk of developing what sequelae? Ans- peritonsillar abscess, glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever What is the diagnostic criteria for acute rheumatic fever? Ans- 2 major criteria OR 1 major + 2 minor criteria PLUS evidence of a recent strep infection When can a breastfeeding mother breast feed again after drinking alcohol? Ans- wait 2-3 hours per drink consumed before breastfeeding again Can a mother take methadone while pregnant and breastfeeding? Ans- yes Does subsequent mean before or after? Ans- after What is the recommended treatment for Kawasaki disease? Ans- refer to the ED, will likely need IVIG and high dose aspirin What are the s/s of Kawasaki disease? Ans- fever + CREAM (conjunctivitis, rash, erythema of palms and soles, adenopathy cervical, mucous membranes) Kawasaki disease is caused by what? Ans- an acute vasculitis of the small and medium blood vessels What is the main difference between Kawasaki disease and scarlet fever? Ans- KD has conjunctivitis and scarlet fever does not The rash associated with acute rheumatic fever Ans- erythema marginatum The rash associated with parvovirus aka slapped cheek aka fifth disease Ans- erythema infe