APEA- Study Guide

APEA- Study Guide Complete 2023 5-alpha reductase inhibitor work to improve symptoms of BPH by: Ans- Decreasing the size of the prostate A 7-year-old child has been diagnosed with acute sinusitis. The drug class that should be avoided is: Ansantihistamines A 17-year-old is diagnosed with mild bronchospasm. Which of the following would provide relief? AnsInhaled levalbuterol (Xopenex) A 20-year-old male living in the college dorm, complains of a dry cough for the past month. Assessment findings associated with atypical, community acquired pneumonia would include: Ans- A low-grade fever, malaise, and clear lung fields on auscultation A 27-year old male patient presents with a painless chancre on the shaft of his penis and regional lymphadenopathy. He is diagnosed with primary syphilis. The best initial treatment is: Ans- Benzathine penicillin G (Bicillin L.A.) CDC.gov A 32-year-old woman presents with dull puffiness of the eyes pronounced not pitting periorbital edema this finding is suggestive of this condition? Ans- Myxedema A 38-year-old patient with a history of abdominal pain presents to the nurse practitioner. Findings reveal superficial edema and bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around the umbilicus. Hemorrhagic pancreatic is suspected because of which finding? Ans- A positive Cullen's sign BATES: pg. 208 A 40 year old female, the overall texture of the breast is soft, with an uneven contour bilaterally, the NP informs the patient that Ans- warrants a mammogram A 40-year-old admits to multiple sex partners presents with several lesions over his body Findings reveals hemorrhagic vesiculopustular lesions over the hands and feet. These lesions are most likely associated with: Ans- Gonococcemia BATES: pg.207 Purple to grey macules, papules or hemorrhagic pustules distributed over acral and periarticular surfaces A 42-year-old woman with a past medical history of migraine headaches is requesting prophylactic medication treatment. Which medication should the Nurse Practitioner prescribe? Ans- Amitriptyline (Elavil) A 44 year old presents to the nurse practitioner for an employment physical and is concerned about testing positive for amphetamines on a drug screen, even though he is not taking amphetamines. His current medication list includes metformin, lisinopril, glyburide and bupropion. The most likely medication cause for a false positive result for amphetamines would be: Ans- Bupropion A 50 years old male has a non-tender, enlarged scrotum. The nurse practitioner suspects which of the following conditions: Ans- Hydrocele A 57-year-old post-menopausal female presents with a complaint of vaginal burning, pruritus, and painful intercourse. On examination, the nurse practitioner would be most concern with the findings: Ans- A friable cervix A 64-year-old man with CC of leg pain and occasional numbness that worsens with ambulation and improves with lumbar flexion. The symptoms are consistent with Ans- Spinal Stenosis Pseudoclaudication refers to pain in the back or legs when the patient walks but improves with rest, lumbar flexion, or both. A 65 year year old has a history of one kidney with early renal insufficiency. He is diagnosed with pneumonia and will require: Ans- Lower dose of antibiotics A 65-year-old male presents with findings of symmetric thorax with moderate kyphosis and anterior diameter. Chest expansion is decreased and the diaphragm descending 2 cm bilaterally. These findings related to: Ans- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease A 67 year old woman with hx. of A.fib and an ejection fraction of 48% has had normal digoxin levels. Which can cause a decrease in digoxin levels? Ans- Regular use of antacide A 70-years-old man walks 20- minutes most days of the week. He has begun to complain of pain of his left calf when he is walking. The problem has gotten gradually worse and now he is unable to complete his 20 minutes walks without stopping to rest. What choice best describes the pain associated with peripheral artery disease? Ans- a dull pain and cramp A 74 year old man who recently lost his spouse of 50 years in an auto accident tells the NP that " he has no purpose in this life" Ans- Have you thought about hurting yourself? A 80-year-old man is being evaluated for recent episodes of incontinence and confusion. His family states that he is usually independent with no altered mental issues, but has become forgetful within the last two weeks. Which medication is most likely associated with the symptoms? Ans- Cimetidine (tagamet) A characteristic lesion observed in a male with primary syphilis is a: Ans- chancre A common cause of decreased libido in men is due to: Ans- Endocrine dysfunction A common pathological finding in patient with asthma Ans- Hypertrophy of smooth muscle A hispanic woman who is 26 weeks pregnant states that she recently began eating ice chips between meals Ans- Assess the patient for iron deficiency anemia A multiparous pregnant patient presents at 24 weeks gestation with complain of painless vaginal bleeding. This presentation is consistent with: Ans- placenta previa A nurse practitioner examines the skin of an elderly patient which finding below is NOT benign lesion associated with the aging process? Ans- Dermatophytosis also known as ringworm, is a fungal infection of the skin. Typically it results in a red, itchy, scaly, circular rash. A patient calls the nurse practitioner, and states that he missed his morning daily dose of warfarin, 5 mg yesterday and today. The nurse practitioner instructs the patient to: Ans- Take warfarin 5 mg now and resume the warfarin 5 mg daily dose in the morning as schedule A patient develops a cough secondary to an angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE). The most appropriate statement related to ACE-I cough is that the cough typically: Ans- Resolves within a week after stopping the ACE inhibitor A patient has newly diagnosed hypothyroidism. What are the patients TSH level expected to be? AnsHigher than normal A patient present with a elongated head with bony prominence of the forehead, nose, and lower jaw. These facial features could be suggestive of: Ans- Acomegaly A patient presents with decreased hearing related to antibiotic use. Which class of antibiotic is this? AnsAminoglycosides Aminoglycosides antibiotics, vancomycin and aspirin are some medication that can cause hearing loss BATES: pg. 219 A patient presents with pain in the shoulder. The nurse practitioner knows that there are four rotator cuff muscles. The muscle that initiates abduction movement at the should is known as the: AnsSurapinatus A patient presents with signs of chest pain, the nurse practitioner observes jugular venous distention. Their finding is consistent with: Ans- Heart failure A patient who has a sulfa allergy safely take: Ans- Glimepiride (amaryl) A patient who is taking an oral glococorticosteroid should be advised to: Ans- take it with food A patient with a diagnosis of giardiasis is being treated with metronidazole (flagyl). What information would be important to obtain before prescribing this medication? Ans- If the patient drinks alcohol A patient with bulimia is likely to be: Ans- Of average weight A pediatric has areas of scaling on the scalp with round patches of alopecia. this clinical finding is consistent with: Ans- Tinea Capitis A pregnant patient present for a routine 16 week prenatal visit. He BP decreased from 119/78 mm Hg at her 12 week visit to 110/69 mmHg. What hemodynamic for the decrease BP? Ans- decrease in systemic vascular resistance A type of breast cancer that begins with erythema and swelling of the breast and progresses rapidly is termed: Ans- Inflammatory breast cancer A woman is 11 weeks pregnant and has a maternity history of one full term vaginal delivery, a set of premature triplets delivered vaginally, and a first trimester abortion. Using her TPAL system to document her maternal status: Ans- Gravida 4, Para 1314 Gravida, Term babies, Preterm Babies, Abort and Living Child Acute lymphocytic leukemia is usually diagnosed by: Ans- A bone marrow examination Alpha-adrenergic blocker increases urine outflow in males by: Ans- Relaxing prostate smooth muscle An 84-year-old male with prostatic hypertrophy is at increased risk of: Ans- Urinary tract infections An appropriate initial treatment for benign positional vertigo is: Ans- Meclizine (Antivert) An elderly male with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) should be advised to avoid antihistamines. What is the reason for this? Ans- Urinary retention An elderly patient has been diagnosed with a cataract. What structure in the eye has become diseased? Ans- Lens An example of synovial joints with be: Ans- Shoulder Anticholinergics are indicated for the treatment of: Ans- Urge incontinence Children born with down syndrome often have other anomalies. They especially require evaluation of what body system? Ans- Cardiac Chronic bloody diarrhea could be suggestive of: Ans- Crohn's disease Conductive and sensorineural phases are necessary for hearing to take place. The sensorineural phase of hearing pathways involves the: Ans- cochlea and the cochlear nerve Desmopressin is a commonly nasal spray has been fund to be useful in the management of enuresis in children. In which of the following situation is the drug especially beneficial? Ans- Sleepovers Disorders in the kidneys and the ureters may cause pain in all of the following areas EXCEPT the: AnsSuprapubic During a Migraine, the cerebral arteries: Ans- dilate During an abdominal examination the NP percusses the bulging area of the abdomen. Which sounds suggest the presence: Ans- Dullness During an acute attack of gout, the nurse practitioner knows NOT to prescribe: Ans- Allopurinol During the breast examination of a perimenopausal woman, the NP detects a bloody spontaneous discharge from the right nipple. This indicates further evaluation. Ans- An intraductal papilloma Intraductal papilloma are usually solitary and smaller than 1 cm. They are located in large lactiferous sinuses or ducts and have a tendency to bleed. Estrogen-progestin contraceptives should be avoided in women with: Ans- Migraines with aura Combine contraceptives is a good choice for patients childbearing age younger than 35 with NO aura migraine Examination of the hair reveals a fine silky appearance. This finding may be seen in patients that have: Ans- Hyperthyroidism Headache warning signs that need prompt investigation inclu