HESI Patient Reviews, The operating room, Ms. Susan
Smith with complete solution
Given Mrs. Smith's anxiety, which of the following are appropriate as you continue your
conversation with her?
- Assure Mrs. Smith that everything will be all right
- Encourage Mrs. Smith to talk about her surgery
- Listen attentively to Mrs. Smith
- Change the content of your conversation with Mrs. Smith to a less stressful topic
B. Encourage Mrs. Smith to talk about her surgery
C. Listen attentively to Mrs. Smith
Ventilation of concerns and feelings is generally anxiety-reducing.
Listening attentively to Mrs. Smith will show respect and facilitate further
communication. These should ultimately be anxiety-reducing.
You note Mrs. Smith's history of mitral valve prolapse. The pathophysiology of mitral
valve prolapse involves:
- thickening and contracture of mitral valve cusps
- narrowing of the orifice between the left ventricle and the aorta
- inflammation of the pericardium
- protrusion of mitral valve leaflets into the left atrium during systole
D. protrusion of mitral valve leaflets into the left atrium during systole
Protrusion of mitral valve leaflets into the left atrium during systole occurs with mitral
valve prolapse. In some individuals, mitral valve prolapse leads to mitral regurgitation
and/or thickening of valve leaflets.
The preop nurse reviews Mrs. Smith's surgical consent form, which has been signed. To
insure that Mrs. Smith's consent is informed, the preop nurse appropriately asks her:
- to tell her what the upcoming surgery involves
- to resign a consent form
- if she knows the cost of the upcoming surgery
- if she had a lawyer read the surgical consent form
A. to tell her what the upcoming surgery involves
The informed consent is a legal document that is designed to insure that only authorized
procedures are performed. Asking Mrs. Smith to explain what her surgery will involve
would help to determine her understanding of the procedure and knowledge of all
possible alternatives, benefits, effects, and complications. It is the surgeon's
responsibility to provide the patient with this information. If the nurse determines that
these things have not been discussed with the patient, he/she should contact the
surgeon so that the surgeon can explain them to the patient.
The preop nurse has Mrs. Smith verify and initial the surgical site. This will direct the
surgical team to the correct location for the surgical procedure. In conjunction with this
verification, the preop nurse also insures that:
- the history and physical indicates the same location (site and side)
, - the consent states the same location (site and side)
- health insurance pre-approval records state the same location (site and side)
- the location (site and side) is listed the same on the surgery schedule
A. the history and physical indicates the same location (site and side)
B. the consent states the same location (site and side)
D. the location (site and side) is listed the same on the surgery schedule
Which of the following best describes monitored anesthesia care (MAC)?
- Sedation, analgesia, amnesia, and muscle relaxation are produced. Unconsciousness
and suppression of reflexes also occur.
- Sedation and analgesia are produced. Consciousness is depressed. Protective
reflexes are retained.
- Pain is controlled without loss of consciousness. One large area of the body is
anesthetized with injection of local anesthetic.
- Pain is controlled without loss of consciousness. One small area of the body is
anesthetized with injection of local anesthetic.
B. Sedation and analgesia are produced. Consciousness is depressed. Protective
reflexes are retained.
When moderate sedation/analgesia is provided by an anesthesiologist or nurse
anesthetist, it is known as 'monitored anesthesia care' or MAC. This type of anesthesia
(local anesthesia supplemented with sedation) may be used for patients who are
critically ill and not able to tolerate general anesthesia. Moderate sedation/analgesia
produces a drug-induced depression of consciousness. Patients are able to respond
purposefully to verbal commands, either alone or accompanied by light tactile
stimulation. A patent airway and spontaneous ventilation are maintained, as are
protective reflexes, such as blinking, swallowing and coughing. Cardiovascular function
is usually maintained. Careful monitoring of the patient's vital signs is ongoing. MAC
may be used for stable healthy patients as well as patients who are critically ill and not
able to tolerate general anesthesia.
The ideal anesthetic for a patient will:
- insure maximum safety for the patient
- provide optimum operating conditions for the surgeon
- provide for patient comfort
- make the patient totally paralyzed during surgery
- have a low index of toxicity
- accommodate patient preference, whenever possible
- be long-acting so that the patient will not awaken during surgery
A. insure maximum safety for the patient
B. provide optimum operating conditions for the surgeon
C. provide for patient comfort
E. have a low index of toxicity
F. accommodate patient preference, whenever possible
What specific patient data are of particular concern when anesthesia is selected?
- Gender
- Age
- History of health problems
Smith with complete solution
Given Mrs. Smith's anxiety, which of the following are appropriate as you continue your
conversation with her?
- Assure Mrs. Smith that everything will be all right
- Encourage Mrs. Smith to talk about her surgery
- Listen attentively to Mrs. Smith
- Change the content of your conversation with Mrs. Smith to a less stressful topic
B. Encourage Mrs. Smith to talk about her surgery
C. Listen attentively to Mrs. Smith
Ventilation of concerns and feelings is generally anxiety-reducing.
Listening attentively to Mrs. Smith will show respect and facilitate further
communication. These should ultimately be anxiety-reducing.
You note Mrs. Smith's history of mitral valve prolapse. The pathophysiology of mitral
valve prolapse involves:
- thickening and contracture of mitral valve cusps
- narrowing of the orifice between the left ventricle and the aorta
- inflammation of the pericardium
- protrusion of mitral valve leaflets into the left atrium during systole
D. protrusion of mitral valve leaflets into the left atrium during systole
Protrusion of mitral valve leaflets into the left atrium during systole occurs with mitral
valve prolapse. In some individuals, mitral valve prolapse leads to mitral regurgitation
and/or thickening of valve leaflets.
The preop nurse reviews Mrs. Smith's surgical consent form, which has been signed. To
insure that Mrs. Smith's consent is informed, the preop nurse appropriately asks her:
- to tell her what the upcoming surgery involves
- to resign a consent form
- if she knows the cost of the upcoming surgery
- if she had a lawyer read the surgical consent form
A. to tell her what the upcoming surgery involves
The informed consent is a legal document that is designed to insure that only authorized
procedures are performed. Asking Mrs. Smith to explain what her surgery will involve
would help to determine her understanding of the procedure and knowledge of all
possible alternatives, benefits, effects, and complications. It is the surgeon's
responsibility to provide the patient with this information. If the nurse determines that
these things have not been discussed with the patient, he/she should contact the
surgeon so that the surgeon can explain them to the patient.
The preop nurse has Mrs. Smith verify and initial the surgical site. This will direct the
surgical team to the correct location for the surgical procedure. In conjunction with this
verification, the preop nurse also insures that:
- the history and physical indicates the same location (site and side)
, - the consent states the same location (site and side)
- health insurance pre-approval records state the same location (site and side)
- the location (site and side) is listed the same on the surgery schedule
A. the history and physical indicates the same location (site and side)
B. the consent states the same location (site and side)
D. the location (site and side) is listed the same on the surgery schedule
Which of the following best describes monitored anesthesia care (MAC)?
- Sedation, analgesia, amnesia, and muscle relaxation are produced. Unconsciousness
and suppression of reflexes also occur.
- Sedation and analgesia are produced. Consciousness is depressed. Protective
reflexes are retained.
- Pain is controlled without loss of consciousness. One large area of the body is
anesthetized with injection of local anesthetic.
- Pain is controlled without loss of consciousness. One small area of the body is
anesthetized with injection of local anesthetic.
B. Sedation and analgesia are produced. Consciousness is depressed. Protective
reflexes are retained.
When moderate sedation/analgesia is provided by an anesthesiologist or nurse
anesthetist, it is known as 'monitored anesthesia care' or MAC. This type of anesthesia
(local anesthesia supplemented with sedation) may be used for patients who are
critically ill and not able to tolerate general anesthesia. Moderate sedation/analgesia
produces a drug-induced depression of consciousness. Patients are able to respond
purposefully to verbal commands, either alone or accompanied by light tactile
stimulation. A patent airway and spontaneous ventilation are maintained, as are
protective reflexes, such as blinking, swallowing and coughing. Cardiovascular function
is usually maintained. Careful monitoring of the patient's vital signs is ongoing. MAC
may be used for stable healthy patients as well as patients who are critically ill and not
able to tolerate general anesthesia.
The ideal anesthetic for a patient will:
- insure maximum safety for the patient
- provide optimum operating conditions for the surgeon
- provide for patient comfort
- make the patient totally paralyzed during surgery
- have a low index of toxicity
- accommodate patient preference, whenever possible
- be long-acting so that the patient will not awaken during surgery
A. insure maximum safety for the patient
B. provide optimum operating conditions for the surgeon
C. provide for patient comfort
E. have a low index of toxicity
F. accommodate patient preference, whenever possible
What specific patient data are of particular concern when anesthesia is selected?
- Gender
- Age
- History of health problems
