NUR 2474 Rasmussen Pharmacology Exam 1;Modules 1-3.
New Curriculum 2023 with complete solution
dopaminergic agent
levodopa/carbidopa
anticholinergic agent
benzotrophine
cholinesterase inhibitor
donepezil
Immunomodulators
interferon beta
traditional anti epileptic drugs
phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproic acid
atypical anti epileptic drugs
oxcarbazepine
lamotrigdine
barbiturates
Phenobarbital
muscle spams drugs
baclofen
dantrolene
1st generation antipsychotics
low potency: chlorpromazine
high potency: haloperidol
2nd generation antipsychotic
clozapine
risperdone
olanzapine
SSRIs
fluoxetine
sertraline
paroxetine
SNRI
venlafaxine
duloxetine
TCA
amitriptyline
MAOI
phenelzine
atypical antidepressant
Bupropion, trazodone
OTC herbal for depression
ST. Johns Wort
mood stabilizer
lithium
, benzodiazepines
lorazepam, diazepam
alprazolam
benzodiazepine like drugs
zolpidem
insomnia drugs used
trazodone
doxepin
OTC drug for insomnia
melatonin
Atypical Anxiolytic
Buspirone
amphetamines
amphetamine,
lisdexamfetamine
methamphetamine
methylxanthines
methylphenidate
when should we complete blood testing with use of lithium?
early in therapy- every 2-3 days, until a therapeutic dose has been established, then
long term-every 3 to 6 months
therapeutic level of lithium
0.8-1.4 mEq/L
toxic level of lithium
greater than 1.5 mEq/L
when can we start to see side effects of lithium?
when the drug is at a therapeutic level. they are expected.
what are the side effects of lithium (therapeutic level)?
GI effects, tremors, polyuria, renal toxicity, goiter, hypothyroidism, teratogenesis.
what will happen to side effects when one has a toxic level of lithium?
the effects will be much worse and possibly life threatening i.e. tremor that becomes
larger with muscle incoordination
what medications can we use to treat the cyclic effects of bipolar (mood-depression-
psychosis)?
mood stabilizer (lithium)= control mood
antidepressant (SSRI,TCA,MAOI)= control depression
antipsychotic (Ist/2nd generation)= control the psychosis
how does a benzodiazepine help with ETOH withdrawal?
it will decrease the withdrawal manifestations and intensity, while making one sleepy
and having CNS depression. plus, it is easy to give IM and will work quickly.
what is a popular benzodiazepine that is used to treat anxiety?
alprazolam (think A-anxiety)
how does alprazolam work to reduce anxiety?
it inhibits GABA in the CNS, depressing the CNS.
what are the side effects of alprazolam use?
New Curriculum 2023 with complete solution
dopaminergic agent
levodopa/carbidopa
anticholinergic agent
benzotrophine
cholinesterase inhibitor
donepezil
Immunomodulators
interferon beta
traditional anti epileptic drugs
phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproic acid
atypical anti epileptic drugs
oxcarbazepine
lamotrigdine
barbiturates
Phenobarbital
muscle spams drugs
baclofen
dantrolene
1st generation antipsychotics
low potency: chlorpromazine
high potency: haloperidol
2nd generation antipsychotic
clozapine
risperdone
olanzapine
SSRIs
fluoxetine
sertraline
paroxetine
SNRI
venlafaxine
duloxetine
TCA
amitriptyline
MAOI
phenelzine
atypical antidepressant
Bupropion, trazodone
OTC herbal for depression
ST. Johns Wort
mood stabilizer
lithium
, benzodiazepines
lorazepam, diazepam
alprazolam
benzodiazepine like drugs
zolpidem
insomnia drugs used
trazodone
doxepin
OTC drug for insomnia
melatonin
Atypical Anxiolytic
Buspirone
amphetamines
amphetamine,
lisdexamfetamine
methamphetamine
methylxanthines
methylphenidate
when should we complete blood testing with use of lithium?
early in therapy- every 2-3 days, until a therapeutic dose has been established, then
long term-every 3 to 6 months
therapeutic level of lithium
0.8-1.4 mEq/L
toxic level of lithium
greater than 1.5 mEq/L
when can we start to see side effects of lithium?
when the drug is at a therapeutic level. they are expected.
what are the side effects of lithium (therapeutic level)?
GI effects, tremors, polyuria, renal toxicity, goiter, hypothyroidism, teratogenesis.
what will happen to side effects when one has a toxic level of lithium?
the effects will be much worse and possibly life threatening i.e. tremor that becomes
larger with muscle incoordination
what medications can we use to treat the cyclic effects of bipolar (mood-depression-
psychosis)?
mood stabilizer (lithium)= control mood
antidepressant (SSRI,TCA,MAOI)= control depression
antipsychotic (Ist/2nd generation)= control the psychosis
how does a benzodiazepine help with ETOH withdrawal?
it will decrease the withdrawal manifestations and intensity, while making one sleepy
and having CNS depression. plus, it is easy to give IM and will work quickly.
what is a popular benzodiazepine that is used to treat anxiety?
alprazolam (think A-anxiety)
how does alprazolam work to reduce anxiety?
it inhibits GABA in the CNS, depressing the CNS.
what are the side effects of alprazolam use?
