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Sumario Bacterias Gram positivas

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Bacterias Gram positivas COCOS ESTAFILOCOCO AUREUS ESTREPTOCOCO PIOGENES ESTREPTOCOCO AGALACTIAE ESTREPTOCOCO PNEUMONIAE ENTEROCOCO BACILUS ANTHRACIS CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE CLOSTRIDIUM PERFIRINGENS CORINEBACTERIUM DIFTERIA LISTERIA MONOCITOGENES NOCARDIA

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J-INCOG




MICROBIOLOGIA




J-INCOG

, J-INCOG



BACTERIAS GRAM + POSITIVAS
COCOS
ESTAFILOCOCO AUREUS

Morfología Racimo de uvas, Catalasa +, Coagulasa +, B-hemolítico.

Localización Apertura de las narinas y piel.

Transmisión: por manos, estornudos, heridas quirúrgicas y comidas contaminadas.
Factor de virulencia: Proteína A en membrana plasmática.
Patogénesis
Factores de predisposición: heridas, cuerpo foráneo como tampones y suturas.
Neutropenia, abuso de drogas IV, enfermedad granulomatosa crónica y fibrosis quística.

Inflamaciones: Pneumonía, infiltrado irregular, artritis séptica. Celulitis, impétigo, furúnculos,
absecos eritrematosos, endocarditis agua (válvula tricuspide), osteomielitis.
Patología
Toxinas: Síndrome de piel escalada, Sindrome de shock tóxico (TSS), intoxicación alimentaria
(vómito y diarrea).

Cultivo Agar Sal Manitol: fermenta Manitol (torna el agar amarillo). Colonias doradas en Agar
Diagnóstico
Sangre.

Sensitivos a meticilina: Nafcilina. Resistentes a penicilina: Vancomicina. Adquiere resistencia
Tratamiento
a penicilina alterando proteínas de membrana (MRSA).

ESTAFILOCOCO EPIDERMIDIS

Morfología Racimo de uvas, Catalasa +, Coagulasa -, Ureasa + B-hemolítico.

Localización Flora normal de la piel

Patología Afecta implantes y cateter (ortopeda) y endocarditis por implantes de valvulas.

Diagnóstico Contamina cultivos de sangre

Tratamiento Vancomicina

ESTREPTOCOCO PIOGENES

Cadenas de cocos, encapsulado (a. Hialuronico), microbiota, beta hemolítico, bacitracina
Morfología
sensible. Coagulasa -

Localización Factor de virulencia: streptolisina O (betahem)(anticuerpos ASO), Streptokinasa, y DNasa.

Impetigo (costras de miel), faringitis (strep throat), cellulitis y erisipela (1st). Dolor de garganta,
fatiga, fiebre y dolor de cabeza. Toxina SPE (A<B<C): fiebre escarlata (lengua fresa, faringitis
y rash no en la cara), toxic shock like sindrome, fascitis necrotizante (proteasa B). Fiebre
Patología reumatica (proteina M: Interfiere opsonizacion, mimica molecular miosina “valvula mitral”):
(despues de faringitis), poliartritis, nodulos subcutaneos, eritema marginado y corea de
Sydenhams. Hipersensitividad tipo 2. Glomerulonefritis: orina marron (cola) y edema facial
(empieza 2 semanas despues de cualquier infeccion)

Diagnóstico

Tratamiento Penicilina


J-INCOG

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Uploaded on
March 27, 2023
Number of pages
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Written in
2020/2021
Type
SUMMARY

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