BIOL 2452 Study Guide Endocrine system 2022
Pay special attention to highlighted areas in the Homework/Learn smart. This study guide includes those sections
as well as other non-highlighted sections and information from the videos. Please complete this study guide before
taking any quiz or exam. I have also included diagrams and other information at the end of this document.
Know the four principle avenues of communications:
1. Gap junctions
- for cell to cell communication
- allows molecules, nutrients, cells, and electrolytes to pass through pores
2. NeurotransmiGers
1. released by neurons
2. diffuse across synaptic cleft
3. binds to receptors on surface
3. Paracrine
- only act on local hormones / local tissue
- ex: NO- nitric oxide
- prostaglandins
- eicosanoids (200 ln) -
- thromboxane
4. Hormones
- chemical messengers that are secreted into the blood stream
1. Define Exocrine vs endocrine glands
Endocrine Exocrine
- Ductless - Contains ducts
- Secretes into the bloodstream - Secreting into a duct
,BIOL 2452 Study Guide Endocrine system 2022
- Serves intracellular effects - Extracellular effects
- Can alter cell metabolism
Ex: fenestrated capillaries (endocrine gland)
Ex : digestive system
- Contains pores
- Helps with filtration - Epithelia tissues
- Can pass through: - Skin
- Mucosa
Glucose, h20, and electrolytes (urinary system)
Organs:
- Liver (intraperitoneal)
Can act as an endocrine and exocrine organ
Organs:
- Liver (intraperitoneal)
Function: secretes albumin and serve cloṄng factors
Exocrine function:
- Secrete bile into ducts
Know Figure 17.4
, BIOL 2452 Study Guide Endocrine system 2022
3. Know Table 17.4
Pay special attention to highlighted areas in the Homework/Learn smart. This study guide includes those sections
as well as other non-highlighted sections and information from the videos. Please complete this study guide before
taking any quiz or exam. I have also included diagrams and other information at the end of this document.
Know the four principle avenues of communications:
1. Gap junctions
- for cell to cell communication
- allows molecules, nutrients, cells, and electrolytes to pass through pores
2. NeurotransmiGers
1. released by neurons
2. diffuse across synaptic cleft
3. binds to receptors on surface
3. Paracrine
- only act on local hormones / local tissue
- ex: NO- nitric oxide
- prostaglandins
- eicosanoids (200 ln) -
- thromboxane
4. Hormones
- chemical messengers that are secreted into the blood stream
1. Define Exocrine vs endocrine glands
Endocrine Exocrine
- Ductless - Contains ducts
- Secretes into the bloodstream - Secreting into a duct
,BIOL 2452 Study Guide Endocrine system 2022
- Serves intracellular effects - Extracellular effects
- Can alter cell metabolism
Ex: fenestrated capillaries (endocrine gland)
Ex : digestive system
- Contains pores
- Helps with filtration - Epithelia tissues
- Can pass through: - Skin
- Mucosa
Glucose, h20, and electrolytes (urinary system)
Organs:
- Liver (intraperitoneal)
Can act as an endocrine and exocrine organ
Organs:
- Liver (intraperitoneal)
Function: secretes albumin and serve cloṄng factors
Exocrine function:
- Secrete bile into ducts
Know Figure 17.4
, BIOL 2452 Study Guide Endocrine system 2022
3. Know Table 17.4
