Bone Density Registry Practice questions and answers
2023 with complete solutions
Vertebral Fracture Assesment
-Use low does of radiation
-Assess BMD and fractures
-Can't assess soft tissue abnormalities
Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguisher
Works best for electrical fires
Secondary Osteoporosis
-Occurs because of other medical conditions
(Leukemia, PHPT)
-Can occur at any age
-Can develop from other skeletal disorders
Calcitonin
-Hormone Treatment for Osteoporosis that forms naturally in the thyroid.
-It can be used to increase bone mass moderately.
-Used to decreas the rate osteoclasts absorb bone.
-Can only be given to postmenopausal women of 5 years or more
Regions of Interest (ROI)
The area selected for bone density scanning and the area where the calculation of the
BMD occurs.
Components of DXA
Workstation unit, phantom and positioning equipment, k-edge filtration, and energy
switching system.
DXA Workstation Components
Display monitor, computer, keyboard, mouse, printer, power module
Juvenile Osteoporosis
-Diagnosed in children 8-14
-Patient may experience normal gonadal functioning, rapid onset of parin in the bones,
or sustain a fx from a traumatic event
Pencil Beam
-Scan time 5-10 minutes
Laser Radiation
A laser is used to effectively position scanner
L-spine
-Point on the spine that curves (Lordotic Curve)
-3 Main parts (Arch, processes, body)
DXA Scan
-Can measure multiple aspects related to the bone, BMC, BMD, fat-free mass, and
estimates the body's fat percentage. Any changes to the mode geometry can impact
measurements.
Nucleus
-Found inside the intervertebral discs
-Gel filled center
, Ulna
-Has long and curved appearance
-Allows motion and supports arm
-Attaches to triceps brachii, supinator, pronator teres, pronator quadrates, flexor
digitorum superficialis
-Has Trochlear Notch, Coronoid Process, Olecranon Process
Head of Radius
-Disk Shaped
-Proximal end
-Articulates with Radial Notch of Ulna
Proximal Femur Positioning
The Midline needs to be perpindicular with the neck box
Proximal Femur ROIs
Trochanteric region, Ward's region (triangle), the neck, and Shaft
Cross-Calibration
-Calculates and compares changes between the initial and new DXA machines
-Studies are considered as in vivo and in vitro(use phantoms)
-Studies are used for new machins and 60-100 phantoms are used to establish a
baseline measurement for BMD
BMC
-Calculated by BMD and Area
-BMD(g/cm2) x Area(cm2)
-BMD(mg/cm2) x Volume(cm3) -- QCT
External Quality Control
-Facilities are given samples and asked to process them as they would their own and
are then checked by the main facility.
-Takes longer but more accurate results
-Requires calibrated test weight
Internal Quality Control
-Having a group of activities performes by the facility to ensure that equipment and staff
are working properly in the set limits.
-Quicker with less accurate results
Fixed Calibration
-Includes 2 approaches
-Associated with a reference scanned on the machine
AP Spine
-The first scan of a DXA exam
-Takes 10 minutes
Automatic Exposure Control (AEC)
-Made of a set of xray detectors located behind the patient.
-Measure the radiation incident
BMD
Calculated by
-Expected BMD + (Z-score x SD)
-BMC of the ROI/Volume of ROI
Processes of L-Spine
2023 with complete solutions
Vertebral Fracture Assesment
-Use low does of radiation
-Assess BMD and fractures
-Can't assess soft tissue abnormalities
Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguisher
Works best for electrical fires
Secondary Osteoporosis
-Occurs because of other medical conditions
(Leukemia, PHPT)
-Can occur at any age
-Can develop from other skeletal disorders
Calcitonin
-Hormone Treatment for Osteoporosis that forms naturally in the thyroid.
-It can be used to increase bone mass moderately.
-Used to decreas the rate osteoclasts absorb bone.
-Can only be given to postmenopausal women of 5 years or more
Regions of Interest (ROI)
The area selected for bone density scanning and the area where the calculation of the
BMD occurs.
Components of DXA
Workstation unit, phantom and positioning equipment, k-edge filtration, and energy
switching system.
DXA Workstation Components
Display monitor, computer, keyboard, mouse, printer, power module
Juvenile Osteoporosis
-Diagnosed in children 8-14
-Patient may experience normal gonadal functioning, rapid onset of parin in the bones,
or sustain a fx from a traumatic event
Pencil Beam
-Scan time 5-10 minutes
Laser Radiation
A laser is used to effectively position scanner
L-spine
-Point on the spine that curves (Lordotic Curve)
-3 Main parts (Arch, processes, body)
DXA Scan
-Can measure multiple aspects related to the bone, BMC, BMD, fat-free mass, and
estimates the body's fat percentage. Any changes to the mode geometry can impact
measurements.
Nucleus
-Found inside the intervertebral discs
-Gel filled center
, Ulna
-Has long and curved appearance
-Allows motion and supports arm
-Attaches to triceps brachii, supinator, pronator teres, pronator quadrates, flexor
digitorum superficialis
-Has Trochlear Notch, Coronoid Process, Olecranon Process
Head of Radius
-Disk Shaped
-Proximal end
-Articulates with Radial Notch of Ulna
Proximal Femur Positioning
The Midline needs to be perpindicular with the neck box
Proximal Femur ROIs
Trochanteric region, Ward's region (triangle), the neck, and Shaft
Cross-Calibration
-Calculates and compares changes between the initial and new DXA machines
-Studies are considered as in vivo and in vitro(use phantoms)
-Studies are used for new machins and 60-100 phantoms are used to establish a
baseline measurement for BMD
BMC
-Calculated by BMD and Area
-BMD(g/cm2) x Area(cm2)
-BMD(mg/cm2) x Volume(cm3) -- QCT
External Quality Control
-Facilities are given samples and asked to process them as they would their own and
are then checked by the main facility.
-Takes longer but more accurate results
-Requires calibrated test weight
Internal Quality Control
-Having a group of activities performes by the facility to ensure that equipment and staff
are working properly in the set limits.
-Quicker with less accurate results
Fixed Calibration
-Includes 2 approaches
-Associated with a reference scanned on the machine
AP Spine
-The first scan of a DXA exam
-Takes 10 minutes
Automatic Exposure Control (AEC)
-Made of a set of xray detectors located behind the patient.
-Measure the radiation incident
BMD
Calculated by
-Expected BMD + (Z-score x SD)
-BMC of the ROI/Volume of ROI
Processes of L-Spine
