Mental Health Nursing Boyd Exam 1
One of the major problems facing individuals with mental illness and their families is stigman. What is
inconsistent with stigmatization?
a. discrimination
b. prejudice
c. misunderstanding
d. approval Ans- d. approval
Stigma can be defined as a mark of shame, disgrace, or disapproval that results in an individual being
shunned or rejected by others. Stigma leads to community misunderstanding, prejudice, and
discrimination.
When a person avoids mental health treatment for fear of being labeled mentally ill, which type of
stigma is occuring?
a. discrimination
b. label avoidance
c. self-stigma
d. public stigma Ans- b. label avoidance
Label avoidance is the avoidance of treatment or care so as not to be labeled as mentally ill. This is one
reason so few people with mental problems actually recieve help. Self-stigma occurs when negative
stereotypes are internalized by people with mental illness. Public stigma occurs after individuals are
publically "marked" asa being mentally ill. ALthough discrimination occurs as part of the stigma, it is not
a type of stigma.
A nurse is conducting a community program with a local group that is to have an outpatient mental
health facility built in the neighborhood. One of the participants states, 'I don't want those people in this
area. They are dangerous and very unpredictable.' The nurse interprets this statement as an example of:
,a. label avoidance
b. self-stigma
c. public stigma
d. cultural syndrome Ans- c. public stigma
The statement about individuals being dangerous and unpredictable reflects public stigma, in which
individuals are publically marked as being mentally ill and experience prejudice and discrimination. Self-
stigma occurs when negative stereotypes are internalized by people with mental illness. Label avoidance
refers to an individual avoiding treatment in order not to be labeled as mentally ill. Cultural syndrome is
a specific pattern of symptoms that occurs within a specific cultural group or community.
A nurse understands the importance of protecting clients' rights of self-determinism. Self-determinism is
similar to which ethical principle?
a. autonomy
b. justice
c. veracity
d. beneficence Ans- a. autonomy
Self-determinism can be defined as being empowered by having the free will to make moral
judgements. Autonomy is the right to make one's own decisions. Personal autonomy and avoidance of
dependence on others are key values of self-determinism. Veracity is truthfulness. Justice encompasses
equal treatment for all. Beneficence is doing no harm.
Which is an accurate statement regarding an advance care directive?
a. it needs to be written by an attorney
b. it applies to those who can make their own decisions
c. it needs to be signed by an attorney
d. it must be witnessed by two people and notarized Ans- d. it must be witnessed by two people and
notarized
,An advance care directive does not need to be written, reviewed, or signed by an attorney. It must be
witnessed by two people and notarizes, and applies only if the individual is unable to make hir or her
own decisions as a result of being incapacitated or if, in the opinion of two physicians, the person is
otherwise unable to make decisions for him-or-herself.
Which mental health client criteria to be involuntarily committed?
a. a client diagnosed with mania who is pacing the hallways
b. a client diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) who is threatening to self-harm
c. A client is diagnosed with schizophrenia who is singing in the client's room
d. a client diagnosed with anxiety disorder who is fidgeting Ans- b. a client diagnosed with borderline
personality disorder who is threatening to self-harm
Involuntary commitment is confined hospitalization of a person without the person's consent but with a
court order. Three common elements found in most statues for involuntary commitments. The
individual must be: (1) mentally disordered, (2) dangerous to himself or herself, or (3) unable to provide
for his/her basic needs.
The client diagnosed with BPD is a danger to the self. The other clients are not in immediate danger to
themselves or others.
A psychiatric-mental health nurse is conducting a class for a community group about the rights of
individuals with mental health problems. As part of the program, the nurse is describing the concept of
self-determinism. The nurse determines that the program was successful when the group identifies
which idea as exemplifying self-determinism? (Select all that apply.)
a. Right to choose other forms of treatment
b. Right to participate in experimentation without informed consent
c. Right to obtains other opinions
d. Right to refuse treatment
e. Right to refuse treatment during emergency situation Ans- a,c,d
, The right to self-determination entitles all clients to refuse treatment (except during emergency
situation), to obtain other opinions, and to choose other forms of treatment. A client has a right not to
participate in experimentation in the absence of the client's informed, voluntary, written consent.
A nurse is teaching a client newly diagnosed with a mental disorder and their family. What is an
important aspect of a psychiatric advance directive (PAD)?
a. It must be signed by the case manager and two witnesses
b. A physician cannot override the declaration
c. It allows family members to make the choice of treatment for incompetent individuals
d. During periods of competency, PADs can be revoked Ans- d. During periods of competency, PADs can
be revoked
PASs are relatively new legal instructions that allow clients, while they are competent, to document
their choice of treatment and care. This declaration must be made in advance and signed by two
witnesses. Although a physician can override this declaration during times when the client's decision
making is clearly distorted because of mental illness, the client must be informed first and the order
made by the court. During periods of competency, PADs can be revoked.
A client diagnosed with schizophrenia insists on stopping medication because it causes the client to gain
weight, The client is exercising which ethical principle?
a. beneficence
b. autonomy
c. veracity
d. justice Ans- b. autonomy
The client is exercising autonomy and is making the client's own decision to stop taking the medication.
Although it is probably not in the client's best interest, the client does have that right. According to the
principle of beneficence, the health care provider uses knowledge of science and incorporates the art of
caring to develop an environment in which individuals achieve their maximal health care potential.
Justice is the duty to treat all fairly, distributing the risk and benefits equally. Veracity is faithfulness to
obligation and duties.
One of the major problems facing individuals with mental illness and their families is stigman. What is
inconsistent with stigmatization?
a. discrimination
b. prejudice
c. misunderstanding
d. approval Ans- d. approval
Stigma can be defined as a mark of shame, disgrace, or disapproval that results in an individual being
shunned or rejected by others. Stigma leads to community misunderstanding, prejudice, and
discrimination.
When a person avoids mental health treatment for fear of being labeled mentally ill, which type of
stigma is occuring?
a. discrimination
b. label avoidance
c. self-stigma
d. public stigma Ans- b. label avoidance
Label avoidance is the avoidance of treatment or care so as not to be labeled as mentally ill. This is one
reason so few people with mental problems actually recieve help. Self-stigma occurs when negative
stereotypes are internalized by people with mental illness. Public stigma occurs after individuals are
publically "marked" asa being mentally ill. ALthough discrimination occurs as part of the stigma, it is not
a type of stigma.
A nurse is conducting a community program with a local group that is to have an outpatient mental
health facility built in the neighborhood. One of the participants states, 'I don't want those people in this
area. They are dangerous and very unpredictable.' The nurse interprets this statement as an example of:
,a. label avoidance
b. self-stigma
c. public stigma
d. cultural syndrome Ans- c. public stigma
The statement about individuals being dangerous and unpredictable reflects public stigma, in which
individuals are publically marked as being mentally ill and experience prejudice and discrimination. Self-
stigma occurs when negative stereotypes are internalized by people with mental illness. Label avoidance
refers to an individual avoiding treatment in order not to be labeled as mentally ill. Cultural syndrome is
a specific pattern of symptoms that occurs within a specific cultural group or community.
A nurse understands the importance of protecting clients' rights of self-determinism. Self-determinism is
similar to which ethical principle?
a. autonomy
b. justice
c. veracity
d. beneficence Ans- a. autonomy
Self-determinism can be defined as being empowered by having the free will to make moral
judgements. Autonomy is the right to make one's own decisions. Personal autonomy and avoidance of
dependence on others are key values of self-determinism. Veracity is truthfulness. Justice encompasses
equal treatment for all. Beneficence is doing no harm.
Which is an accurate statement regarding an advance care directive?
a. it needs to be written by an attorney
b. it applies to those who can make their own decisions
c. it needs to be signed by an attorney
d. it must be witnessed by two people and notarized Ans- d. it must be witnessed by two people and
notarized
,An advance care directive does not need to be written, reviewed, or signed by an attorney. It must be
witnessed by two people and notarizes, and applies only if the individual is unable to make hir or her
own decisions as a result of being incapacitated or if, in the opinion of two physicians, the person is
otherwise unable to make decisions for him-or-herself.
Which mental health client criteria to be involuntarily committed?
a. a client diagnosed with mania who is pacing the hallways
b. a client diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) who is threatening to self-harm
c. A client is diagnosed with schizophrenia who is singing in the client's room
d. a client diagnosed with anxiety disorder who is fidgeting Ans- b. a client diagnosed with borderline
personality disorder who is threatening to self-harm
Involuntary commitment is confined hospitalization of a person without the person's consent but with a
court order. Three common elements found in most statues for involuntary commitments. The
individual must be: (1) mentally disordered, (2) dangerous to himself or herself, or (3) unable to provide
for his/her basic needs.
The client diagnosed with BPD is a danger to the self. The other clients are not in immediate danger to
themselves or others.
A psychiatric-mental health nurse is conducting a class for a community group about the rights of
individuals with mental health problems. As part of the program, the nurse is describing the concept of
self-determinism. The nurse determines that the program was successful when the group identifies
which idea as exemplifying self-determinism? (Select all that apply.)
a. Right to choose other forms of treatment
b. Right to participate in experimentation without informed consent
c. Right to obtains other opinions
d. Right to refuse treatment
e. Right to refuse treatment during emergency situation Ans- a,c,d
, The right to self-determination entitles all clients to refuse treatment (except during emergency
situation), to obtain other opinions, and to choose other forms of treatment. A client has a right not to
participate in experimentation in the absence of the client's informed, voluntary, written consent.
A nurse is teaching a client newly diagnosed with a mental disorder and their family. What is an
important aspect of a psychiatric advance directive (PAD)?
a. It must be signed by the case manager and two witnesses
b. A physician cannot override the declaration
c. It allows family members to make the choice of treatment for incompetent individuals
d. During periods of competency, PADs can be revoked Ans- d. During periods of competency, PADs can
be revoked
PASs are relatively new legal instructions that allow clients, while they are competent, to document
their choice of treatment and care. This declaration must be made in advance and signed by two
witnesses. Although a physician can override this declaration during times when the client's decision
making is clearly distorted because of mental illness, the client must be informed first and the order
made by the court. During periods of competency, PADs can be revoked.
A client diagnosed with schizophrenia insists on stopping medication because it causes the client to gain
weight, The client is exercising which ethical principle?
a. beneficence
b. autonomy
c. veracity
d. justice Ans- b. autonomy
The client is exercising autonomy and is making the client's own decision to stop taking the medication.
Although it is probably not in the client's best interest, the client does have that right. According to the
principle of beneficence, the health care provider uses knowledge of science and incorporates the art of
caring to develop an environment in which individuals achieve their maximal health care potential.
Justice is the duty to treat all fairly, distributing the risk and benefits equally. Veracity is faithfulness to
obligation and duties.
