WW1 2023 with verified questions and answers

Allies one side of WW1, included Britain, The U.S., France, Italy, and Russia The Big Four The four most important leaders. They were Vittorio Orlando (Italy), Woodrow Wilson (US), David Lloyd George (Britain), and Clemenceau (France). Big Three The three most powerful countries after WW1, these were the U.S., britain, and France the Central powers in WWI the alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the ottoman Empire Clemenceau French premier during World War I; he was the French representative at the Versailles Peace Conference in 1919. Wanted to make Germans pay for the war (reparations), because much of the killing done on the western front was in France. Francis Ferdinand Whose assassination in Sarajevo set in motion the events that started WWI Arch Duke and heir to the Austria-Hungarian throne . August 1, 1914 Germany declares war on Russia. August 3, 1914 Germany declares war on France the Balkan wars two wars (). Both Russia and Austria wanted, but could not control the Balkans because if they did then everyone will get mad. Serbia is mad because Austria and Italy stop them from declaring Albania an independent country. the Battle of Jutland May 31, 1916 the only major naval battle between England and Germany which neither side won the battle of Marne September 1914, Britain and France , pushed back Germany's offense. Destroyed German hope for a quick victory the Battle of Somme Fought in 1916, lasted 6 months. One million+ casualties; very little movement, In an attempt to relive the French at Verdun, the British and French launched an offensive attack. Bloodiest battle the Battle of Verdun Battle fought between French and German armies from (lasted 6months); 680,000 causalities Lloyd George British prime minister in 1919, won election with the motive to make Germany pay for the war V.I. Lenin Russian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution. Neutral Countries Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands, Switzerland, Spain Seven Assassins Spread out along a route that would be traveled by Archduke Francis Ferdinand Black Hand A Serbian Terrorist group that wanted Bosnia to be free from Austria-Hungary Triple Alliance An alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy in the years before WWI. Triple Entente An alliance between Great Britain, France and Russia in the years before WWI. Emperor William II (Kaiser Wilhelm) German emperor; gave Austria-Hungary a blank check for WWI, after the assassination of arch duke Ferdinand (gave confidence to AH which started the war) Christmas 1914 Many men who entered WW1 thought they would return before ______ Fashoda Incident In 1898 England and France almost came to war over a territory located in Sudan. The area was of no economic or political importance. This incident illustrated the dangers of imperialism, in that European nations were willing to fight over useless territory. June 28, 1914 assassination in Sarvenjevo July 28, 1914 Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia November 11, 1918 day that Germany signed Armistice ending WWI Morocco Crisis 1911 - After the French received Morocco, which Germany wanted. German bullying forced England and France closer. Paris Peace Conference 1919 the event at which the Allies met to discuss the fate of Europe after the end of WWI (the Central Powers were not allowed to participate in negotiations and Russia couldn't attend because of civil war) Treaty of Brest Litovsk treaty in which Russia lost substantial territory to the Germans. This ended Russian participation in the war. (had to give up 90% of their arable land and wealth.) Treaty of Versailles June, 28 1920, signed by G.B., France, and Germany which demanded exorbitant reparations from the Germans. US entry into the WW1 April 1917, a day after the Zimmerman Telegram. Restored moral and supplies to the allies Three Ultimatums (1.) End all anti-Austrian activity in Serbia (2.) fire all anti-Austrian officials in Serbian government (3.) Give Austrian Policing privileges in Serbia to remove anti-Austrian sentiment from Serbia Causes of WW1 Industrialism, Imperialism, Militarism, Nationalism Dreadnought battleship that has powerful guns, Germany made their own version. Fourteen Points It was president Wilson's peace plan, designed to prevent future wars, and self determination. (Most were compromised but the 14th was the League of Nations.) Imperialism a policy of extending rule over foreign countries. Grew rivalries between many European countries. Lusitania May 7, 1915, Germany sunk with u boats with civilians (and military supplies) killed over 100 americans Machine Gun a defensive weapon that changed war forever. Lead to trench warfare, and made it hard for armies to progress. Militarism a policy of glorifying military power and keeping a standing army always prepared for war Nationalism (positive) pride for one's country, unifies a state Nationalism (negative) Homogeneity, hate for other countries, causes ethnic minorrites to seek independence No-Mans Land Territory between rival Trenches, neither side could use it Over the top a military term used when soldiers had to leave their trench and go into the No Man's Land in order to attack the enemy trench Reparations payment for damages after a war Schlieffen Plan Germany's plan to go through Belgium into France before Russia can mobilize forces so there is not a two front war. Britain is furious because belgium is neutral territory. Self-determination To let the people of a country decide the type of government (U.S. hopes for capitalism) on their own free will. preached by Woodrow Wilson The Four Fronts western, Italian, Eastern, and Balkan Total War the channeling of a nation's entire resources into a war effort Zimmerman Telegram 1917 A telegram Germany Sent to Mexico. Saying if Mexico joins Central Powers then you will regain the lands lost to Americans. Otto von Bismarck A master of alliances and counter-alliances. Made an alliance with Austria-Hungary. William ii let him go because he wanted full power of Germany. princip kills Franz Ferdinand because of nationalism Tannenburg On the Eastern Front the Russians suffered a great defeat at what battle gallipoli A failed British offensive in Ottoman empire, near constantinople on the balkan front WW2 Allies treated Germany like a dog beating and humiliating them till they snapped (Hitler), causing WW2. Sarajevo Where Francis Ferdinand was assassinated how Industrialism, Imperialism, Militarism, Nationalism are related Industrialism is when countries became more modern, and their economies grew larger. To get the material needed to make more money they took over other countries, which is imperialism. Also as each country grew richer their egos also grew, People started to believe their country was the best and people grew to be proud for their countries. then because of conflicts with other countries nationalism grew hate for other countries. And Because ppl loved their country they were okay when the gov. wanted to build up army to take out "evil" countries Alsace-Lorraine land given back to France after war. Japan Took land back from Germany. Germany said they were on the central powers side in zimmerman telegram.