DSA Basics and Review (1) 2023 with verified questions and answers

Raw Materials Unprocessed Facts Unorganized Describing Data: R U U Structure Collection of Data or Fields Records Data Types Other terms for Structure: R D Algorithms Set of finite steps or instructions Recipe Analogy of algorithm Computer An electronic device that inputs, processes, outputs, and stores data Input (data) Process (program || CPU & RAM) Output (information) Storage IPOS Cycle: I P O S Programming Process where the program is written by a programmer using a programming language Programming Process of creating a set of instructions that tell a computer how to perform a task Programming It can be done using a variety of computer programming languages, such as JavaScript, Python, and C++ Program Set of instructions, statements, or codes Program Sequence or set of instructions in a programming language for a computer to execute Software Application Other terms for a Program: S A Source Code A computer program in its human-readable form Programmer A person who creates computer programs often for larger computer software Software Developer Software Engineer Other terms for Computer Programmer: S S Programmer Person who writes the program or source codes Programming Language Set of commands, instructions, and other syntax use to create a software program Programming Language Set of syntax, rules, keywords or reserved words, and operators Variables Constants Variables vs. Constants: These store varying values These are fixed values coins = integer variable 25 = integer constant In int coins = 25; Determine coins and 25 section = string variable BSIT-A = string constant In String section = BSIT-A; Determine section and BSIT-A Accumulator Counter Computational Area Save Area Switch 5 Types of Variable according to Purpose: A CC SS Accumulator Variable Types of Variable: It sums up or totals values of variables to itself Counter Variable Types of Variable: It is commonly found in loops Counter Variable Types of Variable: It always increments by one Loop Control Variable LCV means Computational Area Variable Types of Variable: It is commonly used in equation or formulae Save Area Variable Types of Variable: It saves value on one variable, commonly used for comparison in conditional and looping statements Switch Types of Variable: It changes value from one to another Switch Types of Variable: It has only two variables: on and off Switch Accumulator Computational Area Counter Save Area Determine the type of variable: bool answer = true || false; int totalGrades += schoolGrade; int areaCircle = (3.14) * M(r, 2); int i = 0, i++; String processedName = originalName;