Exam 3 NFS4230 Fall 2016 (20% of final grade)
Please indicate the one best response
1. Which level of organization determines the final form of the protein molecule called an oligomer?
a. primary b. secondary c. tertiary d. quaternary
2. Zwitterions are amino acids that have no net electrical charge because
a. their side chains are not charged. b. they migrate to a neutral place in an electrical field.
c. they are essential/indispensable. d. they have an amino group in their side chain.
3. A function of hydrochloric acid in gastric juice during protein digestion is
a. to neutralize the acidity of the stomach.
b. to inactivate pepsinogen by suppressing pepsin formation.
c. to denature the quaternary, tertiary and secondary structures of protein.
d. to cleave peptide bonds.
4. During protein digestion, peptides are broken into free amino acids mainly
a. in the mouth. b. in the stomach. c. at the brush border. d. within the enterocyte.
5. When the diet is lacking in the amino acids lysine and threonine
a. proteins will be made without one amino acid. b. the body will synthesize them.
c. protein synthesis will be limited.
d. another amino acid will be substituted so that synthesis is uninterrupted.
6. Which urinary compound is important to assess an individuals health ?
a. carnitine b. creatine c. creatinine d. cytosine
7. Which of the following is a nitrogen-containing, non-protein compound that performs an
important function in the body?
a. glutathione b. methionine c. pepsin d. actin
8. Urea synthesis occurs partly in the mitochondria and partly in the cytosol of the _____.
a. glomeruli b. tubules c. enterocytes d. hepatocytes
9. When the amino group has been removed from an amino acid, the carbon skeleton or α-keto acid may be used in
many different ways. Which of the following is NOT a possible fate for the carbon skeleton?
a. conversion to glucose b. oxidation for energy c. production of ketone bodies
d. synthesis of creatine
10. Which of the following amino acids represent the branched-chain amino acids found in
systemic circulation?
a. glycine, alanine, threonine b. phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan
c. valine, leucine, isoleucine d. arginine, lysine, histidine
11. What is the final catabolic pathway for metabolism of protein?
a. acetyl CoA; oxidation b. gluconeogenesis; glycolysis
c. Krebs cycle; oxidative phosphorylation
d. lipolysis; ketogenesis
12. What intermediate’s formation in the Krebs cycle is interrelated to the biosynthesis of urea?
a. succinyl CoA b. Oxaloacetate c. Citrate d. fumarate
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, 13. Which of the following amino acids is glucogenic in the post-absorptive state?
a. threonine b. tyrosine c. alanine d. lysine
14. Amino acids from muscle breakdown provide the chief substrate for which metabolic
process?
a. glycolysis b. gluconeogenesis c. glycogenesis
d. hexosemonophosphate shunt
15. Which amino acid is considered purely ketogenic?
a. methionine b. histidine c. tryptophan d. leucine
16. A protein-sparing shift in metabolism from gluconeogenesis to lipolysis occurs during the
a. early fasting state. b. fasting state. c. starvation state. d. fed state.
17. Amino acids used primarily by muscle for synthesis of dispensable amino acids and for
protein synthesis are
a. branched-chain amino acids. b. aromatic amino acids. c. basic amino acids. d.
acidic amino acids.
18. Which amino acid produced by transamination of pyruvate with glutamic acid
provides a disposal route for nitrogen produced from the catabolism of muscle amino acids?
a. histidine b. Tyrosine c. Tryptophan d. alanine
19. In which organ does urea synthesis occur?
a. kidney b. spleen c. liver d. pancreas
20. What amino acid plays an important role in controlling toxicity from ammonia released
during amino acid catabolism by the glutamate dehydrogenase reaction?
a. glutamine b. Glycine c. Serine d. valine
21. What is the preferred source of energy used by muscles to spare protein during prolonged
starvation?
a. ketones b. glucose c. fatty acids d. amino acids
22. Which amino acids are metabolized mostly in skeletal muscles?
a. those with side chains containing aromatic rings
b. those with side chains that are branched
c. those with side chains containing basic groups
d. those with side chains containing sulfur atoms
23. What are the two amino acids primarily released from muscle during starvation?
a. leucine and isoleucine b. alanine and glutamine c. threonine and phenylalanine
d. arginine and histidine
24. What organ serves as the primary site of amino acid metabolism?
a. kidney b. muscles c. liver d. neuropeptides
25. The 9 Essential amino acids are
a. alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartate, cysteine, glutamate, glycine, proline, tyrosine
b. histidine isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, valine
c. isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, proline, serine, threonine, tyrosine, valine
d. alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartate, cysteine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, valine
This study source was downloaded by 100000850872992 from CourseHero.com on 04-04-2023 05:38:54 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/26700248/Exam3pdf/
Please indicate the one best response
1. Which level of organization determines the final form of the protein molecule called an oligomer?
a. primary b. secondary c. tertiary d. quaternary
2. Zwitterions are amino acids that have no net electrical charge because
a. their side chains are not charged. b. they migrate to a neutral place in an electrical field.
c. they are essential/indispensable. d. they have an amino group in their side chain.
3. A function of hydrochloric acid in gastric juice during protein digestion is
a. to neutralize the acidity of the stomach.
b. to inactivate pepsinogen by suppressing pepsin formation.
c. to denature the quaternary, tertiary and secondary structures of protein.
d. to cleave peptide bonds.
4. During protein digestion, peptides are broken into free amino acids mainly
a. in the mouth. b. in the stomach. c. at the brush border. d. within the enterocyte.
5. When the diet is lacking in the amino acids lysine and threonine
a. proteins will be made without one amino acid. b. the body will synthesize them.
c. protein synthesis will be limited.
d. another amino acid will be substituted so that synthesis is uninterrupted.
6. Which urinary compound is important to assess an individuals health ?
a. carnitine b. creatine c. creatinine d. cytosine
7. Which of the following is a nitrogen-containing, non-protein compound that performs an
important function in the body?
a. glutathione b. methionine c. pepsin d. actin
8. Urea synthesis occurs partly in the mitochondria and partly in the cytosol of the _____.
a. glomeruli b. tubules c. enterocytes d. hepatocytes
9. When the amino group has been removed from an amino acid, the carbon skeleton or α-keto acid may be used in
many different ways. Which of the following is NOT a possible fate for the carbon skeleton?
a. conversion to glucose b. oxidation for energy c. production of ketone bodies
d. synthesis of creatine
10. Which of the following amino acids represent the branched-chain amino acids found in
systemic circulation?
a. glycine, alanine, threonine b. phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan
c. valine, leucine, isoleucine d. arginine, lysine, histidine
11. What is the final catabolic pathway for metabolism of protein?
a. acetyl CoA; oxidation b. gluconeogenesis; glycolysis
c. Krebs cycle; oxidative phosphorylation
d. lipolysis; ketogenesis
12. What intermediate’s formation in the Krebs cycle is interrelated to the biosynthesis of urea?
a. succinyl CoA b. Oxaloacetate c. Citrate d. fumarate
This study source was downloaded by 100000850872992 from CourseHero.com on 04-04-2023 05:38:54 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/26700248/Exam3pdf/
, 13. Which of the following amino acids is glucogenic in the post-absorptive state?
a. threonine b. tyrosine c. alanine d. lysine
14. Amino acids from muscle breakdown provide the chief substrate for which metabolic
process?
a. glycolysis b. gluconeogenesis c. glycogenesis
d. hexosemonophosphate shunt
15. Which amino acid is considered purely ketogenic?
a. methionine b. histidine c. tryptophan d. leucine
16. A protein-sparing shift in metabolism from gluconeogenesis to lipolysis occurs during the
a. early fasting state. b. fasting state. c. starvation state. d. fed state.
17. Amino acids used primarily by muscle for synthesis of dispensable amino acids and for
protein synthesis are
a. branched-chain amino acids. b. aromatic amino acids. c. basic amino acids. d.
acidic amino acids.
18. Which amino acid produced by transamination of pyruvate with glutamic acid
provides a disposal route for nitrogen produced from the catabolism of muscle amino acids?
a. histidine b. Tyrosine c. Tryptophan d. alanine
19. In which organ does urea synthesis occur?
a. kidney b. spleen c. liver d. pancreas
20. What amino acid plays an important role in controlling toxicity from ammonia released
during amino acid catabolism by the glutamate dehydrogenase reaction?
a. glutamine b. Glycine c. Serine d. valine
21. What is the preferred source of energy used by muscles to spare protein during prolonged
starvation?
a. ketones b. glucose c. fatty acids d. amino acids
22. Which amino acids are metabolized mostly in skeletal muscles?
a. those with side chains containing aromatic rings
b. those with side chains that are branched
c. those with side chains containing basic groups
d. those with side chains containing sulfur atoms
23. What are the two amino acids primarily released from muscle during starvation?
a. leucine and isoleucine b. alanine and glutamine c. threonine and phenylalanine
d. arginine and histidine
24. What organ serves as the primary site of amino acid metabolism?
a. kidney b. muscles c. liver d. neuropeptides
25. The 9 Essential amino acids are
a. alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartate, cysteine, glutamate, glycine, proline, tyrosine
b. histidine isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, valine
c. isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, proline, serine, threonine, tyrosine, valine
d. alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartate, cysteine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, valine
This study source was downloaded by 100000850872992 from CourseHero.com on 04-04-2023 05:38:54 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/26700248/Exam3pdf/
