Introduction to IOT 22ETC15H
Module-4
ASSOCIATED IOT TECHNOLOGIES Cloud Computing: Introduction, Virtualization, Cloud
Models, Service-Level Agreement in Cloud Computing, Cloud Implementation, Sensor-Cloud:
Sensors-as-a-Service. IOT CASE STUDIES Agricultural IoT – Introduction and Case Studies
Textbook 1: Chapter 10– 10.1 to 10.6; Chapter 12- 12.1-12.2
Cloud Computing:
Introduction:
Sensor nodes are the key components of Internet of Things (IoT). These nodes are
resource-constrained in terms of storage, processing, and energy. Hence, cloud
computing becomes an essential building block of the IoT architecture.
Cloud computing comprises a shared pool of computing resources like networks,
storage, processor, and servers. These resources are accessible by multiple users
through a regular command-line terminal at the same or different time instants.
The services of cloud computing are based on the pay-per-use model. In cloud
computing, a user pays for the cloud services as per the duration of their resource usage.
On the other hand, there is a CSP, that provides cloud services to end user organizations.
In cloud computing architecture, an end user can request for customized resources such
as storage space, RAM, operating systems, and other software to a cloud service
provider (CSP) as shown in fig 4.1.
Fig. 4.1 Cloud computing
Virtualization:
The key concept of cloud computing is virtualization. The technique of sharing a single
resource among multiple end user organizations or end users is known as virtualization.
DEPT OF ECE,AJIET Page 1
, Introduction to IOT 22ETC15H
In the virtualization process, a physical resource is logically distributed among multiple
users. However, for a user it appears as if the resource is unlimited and is dedicatedly
provided to him/her.
Figure 10.2(a) represents a traditional desktop, where an application (App) is running
on top of an OS, and resources are utilized only for that particular application.
On the other hand, multiple resources can be used by different end users through
virtualization software, as shown in Figure 10.2(b).
Virtualization software separates the resources logically so that there is no conflict
among the users during resource utilization.
Advantages of virtualization:
Primarily, there are two entities in a cloud computing architecture: end users and CSP. Both
end users and CSP are benefited in several aspects through the process of virtualization.
The major advantages, from the perspective of the end user are as follows:
(a)Variety:
enables an end user organization to use various types of applications based on the
requirements.
(b) Availability:
The end users feel that there are unlimited resources present dedicatedly for him/her.
(c) Portability:
the availability of cloud computing services from anywhere in the world, at any instant
of time.
(d) Elasticity:
An end user can scale-up or scale-down resource utilization as per requirements.
up or scale-down his resources in cloud computing, which employs the concept
of virtualization.
DEPT OF ECE,AJIET Page 2
, Introduction to IOT 22ETC15H
The major advantages, from the perspective of the CSP are as follows:
(a) Resource Utilization:
A CSP in a cloud computing architecture procures resources on their own or get them
from third parties which are distributed among different users dynamically as per their
requirements. A segment of a particular resource provided to a user at a time instant,
can be provided to another user at a different time instant.
(b) Effective Revenue Generation:
A CSP generates revenue from the end users based on resource utilization.
Types of virtualization:
(i) Hardware Virtualization:
Sharing of hardware resources among multiple users.
For example, a single processor appears as many different processors in a cloud
computing architecture.
Different operating systems can be installed in these processors and each of them can
work as stand-alone machines.
(ii) Storage Virtualization:
The storage space from different entities are accumulated virtually, and seem like a
single storage location.
Through storage virtualization, a user’s documents or files exist in different locations
in a distributed fashion. However, the users are under the impression that they have a
single dedicated storage space provided to them.
(iii) Application Virtualization:
A user can use the application in his/her local computer without ever actually
installing the application. Similar to storage virtualization, in application
virtualization, the users get the impression that applications are stored and executed
in their local computer.
DEPT OF ECE,AJIET Page 3
Module-4
ASSOCIATED IOT TECHNOLOGIES Cloud Computing: Introduction, Virtualization, Cloud
Models, Service-Level Agreement in Cloud Computing, Cloud Implementation, Sensor-Cloud:
Sensors-as-a-Service. IOT CASE STUDIES Agricultural IoT – Introduction and Case Studies
Textbook 1: Chapter 10– 10.1 to 10.6; Chapter 12- 12.1-12.2
Cloud Computing:
Introduction:
Sensor nodes are the key components of Internet of Things (IoT). These nodes are
resource-constrained in terms of storage, processing, and energy. Hence, cloud
computing becomes an essential building block of the IoT architecture.
Cloud computing comprises a shared pool of computing resources like networks,
storage, processor, and servers. These resources are accessible by multiple users
through a regular command-line terminal at the same or different time instants.
The services of cloud computing are based on the pay-per-use model. In cloud
computing, a user pays for the cloud services as per the duration of their resource usage.
On the other hand, there is a CSP, that provides cloud services to end user organizations.
In cloud computing architecture, an end user can request for customized resources such
as storage space, RAM, operating systems, and other software to a cloud service
provider (CSP) as shown in fig 4.1.
Fig. 4.1 Cloud computing
Virtualization:
The key concept of cloud computing is virtualization. The technique of sharing a single
resource among multiple end user organizations or end users is known as virtualization.
DEPT OF ECE,AJIET Page 1
, Introduction to IOT 22ETC15H
In the virtualization process, a physical resource is logically distributed among multiple
users. However, for a user it appears as if the resource is unlimited and is dedicatedly
provided to him/her.
Figure 10.2(a) represents a traditional desktop, where an application (App) is running
on top of an OS, and resources are utilized only for that particular application.
On the other hand, multiple resources can be used by different end users through
virtualization software, as shown in Figure 10.2(b).
Virtualization software separates the resources logically so that there is no conflict
among the users during resource utilization.
Advantages of virtualization:
Primarily, there are two entities in a cloud computing architecture: end users and CSP. Both
end users and CSP are benefited in several aspects through the process of virtualization.
The major advantages, from the perspective of the end user are as follows:
(a)Variety:
enables an end user organization to use various types of applications based on the
requirements.
(b) Availability:
The end users feel that there are unlimited resources present dedicatedly for him/her.
(c) Portability:
the availability of cloud computing services from anywhere in the world, at any instant
of time.
(d) Elasticity:
An end user can scale-up or scale-down resource utilization as per requirements.
up or scale-down his resources in cloud computing, which employs the concept
of virtualization.
DEPT OF ECE,AJIET Page 2
, Introduction to IOT 22ETC15H
The major advantages, from the perspective of the CSP are as follows:
(a) Resource Utilization:
A CSP in a cloud computing architecture procures resources on their own or get them
from third parties which are distributed among different users dynamically as per their
requirements. A segment of a particular resource provided to a user at a time instant,
can be provided to another user at a different time instant.
(b) Effective Revenue Generation:
A CSP generates revenue from the end users based on resource utilization.
Types of virtualization:
(i) Hardware Virtualization:
Sharing of hardware resources among multiple users.
For example, a single processor appears as many different processors in a cloud
computing architecture.
Different operating systems can be installed in these processors and each of them can
work as stand-alone machines.
(ii) Storage Virtualization:
The storage space from different entities are accumulated virtually, and seem like a
single storage location.
Through storage virtualization, a user’s documents or files exist in different locations
in a distributed fashion. However, the users are under the impression that they have a
single dedicated storage space provided to them.
(iii) Application Virtualization:
A user can use the application in his/her local computer without ever actually
installing the application. Similar to storage virtualization, in application
virtualization, the users get the impression that applications are stored and executed
in their local computer.
DEPT OF ECE,AJIET Page 3
