NCLEX-RN Practice Quiz Test Bank
#10 (75 Questions)
NCLEXRN-10-001
Question Tag: prioritization
Question Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment, Management of Care
The nurse should visit which of the following clients first?
A. The client with diabetes with a blood glucose of 95 mg/dL
B. The client with hypertension being maintained on Lisinopril
C. The client with chest pain and a history of angina
D. The client with Raynaud’s disease
Correct Answer: C. The client with chest pain and a history of angina
The client with chest pain should be seen first because this could indicate a
myocardial infarction. Despite many advances in treatment, acute MI still carries a
mortality rate of 5-30%; the majority of deaths occur prior to arrival to the
hospital. In addition, within the first year after an MI, there is an additional
mortality rate of 5% to 12%. The overall prognosis depends on the extent of
heart muscle damage and ejection fraction.
Option A: The client in answer A has blood glucose within normal limits.
The diagnosis of T1DM is usually through a characteristic history supported
by elevated serum glucose levels (fasting glucose greater than 126 mg/dL,
random glucose over 200 mg/dL, or hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c exceeding
6.5%) with or without antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and
insulin.
Option B: The client in this option is maintained on blood pressure
medication. Pharmacological therapy consists of angiotensin-converting
enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), diuretics
(usually thiazides), calcium channel blockers (CCBs), and beta-blockers
(BBs), which are instituted taking into account age, race, and comorbidities
, such as presence of renal dysfunction, LV dysfunction, heart failure, and
cerebrovascular disease. JNC-8, ACC, and ESC/ ESH have their separate
recommendations for pharmacological management.
Option D: The client in answer D is in no distress. In Raynaud’s
phenomenon, blood-flow restriction occurs during cold temperatures and
emotional stress. Specifically, in Raynaud phenomenon, there is
vasoconstriction of the digital arteries and cutaneous arterioles.
NCLEXRN-10-002
Question Tag: cystic fibrosis
Question Category: Physiological Integrity, Pharmacological and Parenteral
Therapies
A client with cystic fibrosis is taking pancreatic enzymes. The nurse should
administer this medication:
A. Once per day in the morning
B. Three times per day with meals
C. Once per day at bedtime
D. Four times per day
Correct Answer: B. Three times per day with meals
Pancreatic enzymes should be given with meals for optimal effects. These
enzymes assist the body in digesting needed nutrients. Chronic, supportive
therapy for patients with CF includes regular pancreatic enzymes, fat-soluble
vitamins (A, D, E, K), mucolytics, bronchodilators, antibiotics, and anti-
inflammatory agents.
Option A: A new class of medications known as CFTR modulator therapies
is designed to correct the dysfunction by improving production,
intracellular processing, or function of the CFTR protein caused by the
mutated gene. Each medication is targeted at a specific dysfunction caused
by a specific gene mutation.
, Option C: Individuals with CF are encouraged to consume a high-fat diet
with supplemental fat-soluble vitamins to compensate for malabsorption.
Additionally, patients living with CF are encouraged to consume a high-
calorie diet to maintain a healthy weight and combat chronic inflammation
and frequent infections that are commonly encountered.
Option D: According to the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, women should
consume 2500 to 3000 calories a day, while men should consume 3000 to
3700 calories a day. Those living in hot climates or who participate in
activities that cause sweating are encouraged to consume additional
sodium in their diet.
NCLEXRN-10-003
Question Tag: cataract
Question Category: Physiological Integrity, Physiological Adaptation
Cataracts result in opacity of the crystalline lens. Which of the
following best explains the functions of the lens?
A. The lens controls stimulation of the retina.
B. The lens orchestrates eye movement.
C. The lens focuses light rays on the retina.
D. The lens magnifies small objects.
Correct Answer: C. The lens focuses light rays on the retina.
The lens allows light to pass through the pupil and focus light on the retina. The
lens is a curved structure in the eye that bends light and focuses it for the retina
to help you see images clearly. The crystalline lens, a clear disk behind the iris, is
flexible and changes shape to help you see objects at varying distances.
Option A: Retinal tissue is stimulated by light but also responds to
mechanical disturbances. Flashing lights usually are caused by separation
of the posterior vitreous. As the vitreous gel separates from the retina, it
stimulates the retinal tissue mechanically, resulting in the release of
phosphenes and the sensation of light.
, Option B: Because only a small portion of the retina, the fovea, is actually
employed for distinct vision, it is vitally important that the motor apparatus
governing the direction of gaze be extremely precise in its operation, and
rapid.
Option D: The lens works much like a camera lens, bending and focusing
light to produce a clear image. The crystalline lens is a convex lens that
creates an inverted image focused on the retina. The brain flips the image
back to normal to create what you see around you. In a process called
accommodation, the elasticity of the crystalline lens allows you to focus on
images at far distances and near with minimal disruption.
NCLEXRN-10-004
Question Tag: glaucoma, miotic eye drops
Question Category: Physiological Integrity, Pharmacological and Parenteral
Therapies
A client who has glaucoma is to have miotic eye drops instilled in both eyes. The
nurse knows that the purpose of the medication is to:
A. Anesthetize the cornea
B. Dilate the pupils
C. Constrict the pupils
D. Paralyze the muscles of accommodation
Correct Answer: C. Constrict the pupils
Miotic eye drops constrict the pupil and allow aqueous humor to drain out of the
Canal of Schlemm. Pilocarpine is a muscarinic acetylcholine agonist that is
effective in the treatment and management of acute angle-closure glaucoma and
radiation-induced xerostomia. Although not a first-line treatment for glaucoma, it
is useful as an adjunct medication in the form of ophthalmic drops.
Option A: The cornea and conjunctiva can be anesthetized by drops of any
of the local anesthetics. Bupivacaine, for example, is effective as an
eyedrop. Bupivacaine is a potent local anesthetic with unique
#10 (75 Questions)
NCLEXRN-10-001
Question Tag: prioritization
Question Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment, Management of Care
The nurse should visit which of the following clients first?
A. The client with diabetes with a blood glucose of 95 mg/dL
B. The client with hypertension being maintained on Lisinopril
C. The client with chest pain and a history of angina
D. The client with Raynaud’s disease
Correct Answer: C. The client with chest pain and a history of angina
The client with chest pain should be seen first because this could indicate a
myocardial infarction. Despite many advances in treatment, acute MI still carries a
mortality rate of 5-30%; the majority of deaths occur prior to arrival to the
hospital. In addition, within the first year after an MI, there is an additional
mortality rate of 5% to 12%. The overall prognosis depends on the extent of
heart muscle damage and ejection fraction.
Option A: The client in answer A has blood glucose within normal limits.
The diagnosis of T1DM is usually through a characteristic history supported
by elevated serum glucose levels (fasting glucose greater than 126 mg/dL,
random glucose over 200 mg/dL, or hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c exceeding
6.5%) with or without antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and
insulin.
Option B: The client in this option is maintained on blood pressure
medication. Pharmacological therapy consists of angiotensin-converting
enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), diuretics
(usually thiazides), calcium channel blockers (CCBs), and beta-blockers
(BBs), which are instituted taking into account age, race, and comorbidities
, such as presence of renal dysfunction, LV dysfunction, heart failure, and
cerebrovascular disease. JNC-8, ACC, and ESC/ ESH have their separate
recommendations for pharmacological management.
Option D: The client in answer D is in no distress. In Raynaud’s
phenomenon, blood-flow restriction occurs during cold temperatures and
emotional stress. Specifically, in Raynaud phenomenon, there is
vasoconstriction of the digital arteries and cutaneous arterioles.
NCLEXRN-10-002
Question Tag: cystic fibrosis
Question Category: Physiological Integrity, Pharmacological and Parenteral
Therapies
A client with cystic fibrosis is taking pancreatic enzymes. The nurse should
administer this medication:
A. Once per day in the morning
B. Three times per day with meals
C. Once per day at bedtime
D. Four times per day
Correct Answer: B. Three times per day with meals
Pancreatic enzymes should be given with meals for optimal effects. These
enzymes assist the body in digesting needed nutrients. Chronic, supportive
therapy for patients with CF includes regular pancreatic enzymes, fat-soluble
vitamins (A, D, E, K), mucolytics, bronchodilators, antibiotics, and anti-
inflammatory agents.
Option A: A new class of medications known as CFTR modulator therapies
is designed to correct the dysfunction by improving production,
intracellular processing, or function of the CFTR protein caused by the
mutated gene. Each medication is targeted at a specific dysfunction caused
by a specific gene mutation.
, Option C: Individuals with CF are encouraged to consume a high-fat diet
with supplemental fat-soluble vitamins to compensate for malabsorption.
Additionally, patients living with CF are encouraged to consume a high-
calorie diet to maintain a healthy weight and combat chronic inflammation
and frequent infections that are commonly encountered.
Option D: According to the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, women should
consume 2500 to 3000 calories a day, while men should consume 3000 to
3700 calories a day. Those living in hot climates or who participate in
activities that cause sweating are encouraged to consume additional
sodium in their diet.
NCLEXRN-10-003
Question Tag: cataract
Question Category: Physiological Integrity, Physiological Adaptation
Cataracts result in opacity of the crystalline lens. Which of the
following best explains the functions of the lens?
A. The lens controls stimulation of the retina.
B. The lens orchestrates eye movement.
C. The lens focuses light rays on the retina.
D. The lens magnifies small objects.
Correct Answer: C. The lens focuses light rays on the retina.
The lens allows light to pass through the pupil and focus light on the retina. The
lens is a curved structure in the eye that bends light and focuses it for the retina
to help you see images clearly. The crystalline lens, a clear disk behind the iris, is
flexible and changes shape to help you see objects at varying distances.
Option A: Retinal tissue is stimulated by light but also responds to
mechanical disturbances. Flashing lights usually are caused by separation
of the posterior vitreous. As the vitreous gel separates from the retina, it
stimulates the retinal tissue mechanically, resulting in the release of
phosphenes and the sensation of light.
, Option B: Because only a small portion of the retina, the fovea, is actually
employed for distinct vision, it is vitally important that the motor apparatus
governing the direction of gaze be extremely precise in its operation, and
rapid.
Option D: The lens works much like a camera lens, bending and focusing
light to produce a clear image. The crystalline lens is a convex lens that
creates an inverted image focused on the retina. The brain flips the image
back to normal to create what you see around you. In a process called
accommodation, the elasticity of the crystalline lens allows you to focus on
images at far distances and near with minimal disruption.
NCLEXRN-10-004
Question Tag: glaucoma, miotic eye drops
Question Category: Physiological Integrity, Pharmacological and Parenteral
Therapies
A client who has glaucoma is to have miotic eye drops instilled in both eyes. The
nurse knows that the purpose of the medication is to:
A. Anesthetize the cornea
B. Dilate the pupils
C. Constrict the pupils
D. Paralyze the muscles of accommodation
Correct Answer: C. Constrict the pupils
Miotic eye drops constrict the pupil and allow aqueous humor to drain out of the
Canal of Schlemm. Pilocarpine is a muscarinic acetylcholine agonist that is
effective in the treatment and management of acute angle-closure glaucoma and
radiation-induced xerostomia. Although not a first-line treatment for glaucoma, it
is useful as an adjunct medication in the form of ophthalmic drops.
Option A: The cornea and conjunctiva can be anesthetized by drops of any
of the local anesthetics. Bupivacaine, for example, is effective as an
eyedrop. Bupivacaine is a potent local anesthetic with unique
