Essential Cell Biology: Chapter 4 Questions and Answers Grade A+ 2023

Protein - -Polymer built from amino acids that provide cells with their shape and structure and performs most of their activities. -Peptide Bonds - -Chemical bond between the carbonyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of a second amino acid. -Polypeptides/Polypeptide Chains - -Linear polymer composed of multiple amino acids. Proteins are composed of one or more long polypeptide chains. -Amino Acid Sequence - -The order of the amino acid subunits in protein chain. Sometimes called the primary structure of a protein. -Polypeptide Backbone - -Repeated sequence of atoms that forms the core of a protein molecule and to which the amino acid side chains are attached. -N-terminus - -The end of a polypeptide chain that carries a free alpha-amino group. -C-terminus - -The end of a polypeptide chain that carries a free carboxyl group. -Side Chains - -Portion of an amino acid not involved in forming peptide bonds; its chemical identity gives each amino acid its unique properties