TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction ......................................................................................................... 2
Types of Diabetes mellitus- ................................................................................ 2
Type 1 (Insulin dependent) or juvenile onset- ...................................................... 2
Cause of type 1 diabetes- ...................................................................................... 3
Type 2 diabetes (Non-insulin dependent)-............................................................ 3
Causes of type 2 diabetes-..................................................................................... 5
Basic comparative study of Type 1 and type 2 Diabetes ..................................... 6
Common sign and symptoms of diabetes mellitus ........................................... 7
Important points about Insulin .............................................................................. 7
Types of insulin preparations- .............................................................................. 8
Drug interaction with insulin ................................................................................ 9
Sulfonylureas- ..................................................................................................... 10
Metformin ........................................................................................................... 11
Acarbose.............................................................................................................. 13
Thiazolidinediones .............................................................................................. 14
Note- Just click any of the toipic which you want to go through, it will redirect you to that section (Only in PDF File)
Page 1 of 15
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, E Mail- & Reach solution at- www.facebook.com/pharmavideo/
Visit and subscribe Solution's YouTube channel, Exclusively for Experiment related videos. https://www.youtube.com/c/SOLUTIONpushpendra
If you wish to download all of our uploaded materials in PDF Format for FREE then please join the solution pharmacy group on Facebook and then go to file section by clicking the link- https://www.facebook.com/groups/solutionpharamcy
Diabetes Mellitus
Introduction-Pathophysiology-Treatment
“Solution-Pharmacy” always try to make a notes on all those topics which are
equally important to social life and for student’s examination point of view. To
make an effective notes we take reference of many standard books and online
sources, and then after having idea we make our own diagram by converting
theory into either flowchart or images. Solution believes that images and videos
are powerful tools to make a concept clear and it became easy for anyone to
memorize it or visualise it.
Introduction
In the current scenario life style has been changed, and so the disease/disorder
occurring rate has been also changed accordingly. Diabetes is one of those
disorder that is associated with life style (Except family history) Diabetes is a
condition in which our body cell fails to utilize the sugar from circulating blood
and thus it is not available for the use by cells and hence the level of sugar
(Glucose) increase in blood and this is called blood sugar. This looks so simple
in a first look but it’s that much easy and simple way for occurrence of diabetes.
There are many causes for diabetes and that may be associated with various
backgrounds. As we have stated earlier that this is due to inability of body to
utilize the available glucose from blood so it is classified as a metabolic disorder.
(Refer Solution’s 200 definition notes) glucose level is also written as- glycemia
and if the level of glucose increase from normal level it is called- Hyper +
glycaemia. The abnormal range is when the fasting plasma glucose level is more
than 200 mg/dL or 200 mg/dL 2 hours after 75 grams oral glucose intake.
Types of Diabetes mellitus
Type 1 (Insulin dependent) or juvenile onset- Lets understand the type 1
diabetes, it is also known as- insulin dependent diabetes. Insulin dependent = a
person is dependent on external insulin to metabolize the glucose of his/her body
to make the level of glucose normal. In this type of diabetes there is destruction
of Beta cell in pancreatic islet. As insulin is secreted from Beta cell of pancreas,
it is logical that there will be no more secretion of insulin if this beta cell get
destroyed due to any reason, so that particular person will have to arrange the
insulin from any external sources, here oral hypoglycaemic drugs will not work
because there is insensitivity of Beta cell for that drug as they are destructed. The
main cause of this type of diabetes is autoimmunity, when antibody of our body
destroy Beta cell by confusion, this result in type 1 diabetes, if the cause is antigen
Page 2 of 15
E Mail- & Reach solution at- www.facebook.com/pharmavideo/
Visit and subscribe Solution's YouTube channel, Exclusively for Experiment related videos. https://www.youtube.com/c/SOLUTIONpushpendra
If you wish to download all of our uploaded materials in PDF Format for FREE then please join the solution pharmacy group on Facebook and then go to file section by clicking the link- https://www.facebook.com/groups/solutionpharamcy
Introduction ......................................................................................................... 2
Types of Diabetes mellitus- ................................................................................ 2
Type 1 (Insulin dependent) or juvenile onset- ...................................................... 2
Cause of type 1 diabetes- ...................................................................................... 3
Type 2 diabetes (Non-insulin dependent)-............................................................ 3
Causes of type 2 diabetes-..................................................................................... 5
Basic comparative study of Type 1 and type 2 Diabetes ..................................... 6
Common sign and symptoms of diabetes mellitus ........................................... 7
Important points about Insulin .............................................................................. 7
Types of insulin preparations- .............................................................................. 8
Drug interaction with insulin ................................................................................ 9
Sulfonylureas- ..................................................................................................... 10
Metformin ........................................................................................................... 11
Acarbose.............................................................................................................. 13
Thiazolidinediones .............................................................................................. 14
Note- Just click any of the toipic which you want to go through, it will redirect you to that section (Only in PDF File)
Page 1 of 15
E Mail- & Reach solution at- www.facebook.com/pharmavideo/
Visit and subscribe Solution's YouTube channel, Exclusively for Experiment related videos. https://www.youtube.com/c/SOLUTIONpushpendra
If you wish to download all of our uploaded materials in PDF Format for FREE then please join the solution pharmacy group on Facebook and then go to file section by clicking the link- https://www.facebook.com/groups/solutionpharamcy
, E Mail- & Reach solution at- www.facebook.com/pharmavideo/
Visit and subscribe Solution's YouTube channel, Exclusively for Experiment related videos. https://www.youtube.com/c/SOLUTIONpushpendra
If you wish to download all of our uploaded materials in PDF Format for FREE then please join the solution pharmacy group on Facebook and then go to file section by clicking the link- https://www.facebook.com/groups/solutionpharamcy
Diabetes Mellitus
Introduction-Pathophysiology-Treatment
“Solution-Pharmacy” always try to make a notes on all those topics which are
equally important to social life and for student’s examination point of view. To
make an effective notes we take reference of many standard books and online
sources, and then after having idea we make our own diagram by converting
theory into either flowchart or images. Solution believes that images and videos
are powerful tools to make a concept clear and it became easy for anyone to
memorize it or visualise it.
Introduction
In the current scenario life style has been changed, and so the disease/disorder
occurring rate has been also changed accordingly. Diabetes is one of those
disorder that is associated with life style (Except family history) Diabetes is a
condition in which our body cell fails to utilize the sugar from circulating blood
and thus it is not available for the use by cells and hence the level of sugar
(Glucose) increase in blood and this is called blood sugar. This looks so simple
in a first look but it’s that much easy and simple way for occurrence of diabetes.
There are many causes for diabetes and that may be associated with various
backgrounds. As we have stated earlier that this is due to inability of body to
utilize the available glucose from blood so it is classified as a metabolic disorder.
(Refer Solution’s 200 definition notes) glucose level is also written as- glycemia
and if the level of glucose increase from normal level it is called- Hyper +
glycaemia. The abnormal range is when the fasting plasma glucose level is more
than 200 mg/dL or 200 mg/dL 2 hours after 75 grams oral glucose intake.
Types of Diabetes mellitus
Type 1 (Insulin dependent) or juvenile onset- Lets understand the type 1
diabetes, it is also known as- insulin dependent diabetes. Insulin dependent = a
person is dependent on external insulin to metabolize the glucose of his/her body
to make the level of glucose normal. In this type of diabetes there is destruction
of Beta cell in pancreatic islet. As insulin is secreted from Beta cell of pancreas,
it is logical that there will be no more secretion of insulin if this beta cell get
destroyed due to any reason, so that particular person will have to arrange the
insulin from any external sources, here oral hypoglycaemic drugs will not work
because there is insensitivity of Beta cell for that drug as they are destructed. The
main cause of this type of diabetes is autoimmunity, when antibody of our body
destroy Beta cell by confusion, this result in type 1 diabetes, if the cause is antigen
Page 2 of 15
E Mail- & Reach solution at- www.facebook.com/pharmavideo/
Visit and subscribe Solution's YouTube channel, Exclusively for Experiment related videos. https://www.youtube.com/c/SOLUTIONpushpendra
If you wish to download all of our uploaded materials in PDF Format for FREE then please join the solution pharmacy group on Facebook and then go to file section by clicking the link- https://www.facebook.com/groups/solutionpharamcy
