HOSA Nutrition exam 1 2023/ 118
Question and answers- All correct!!
Absorption - -Taking up of nutrients in the intestines
-Adipose tissue - -Fatty tissue
-Aerobic metabolism - -Combining nutrient oxygen within the cell; also called
oxidation.
-Albumin - -Protein that occurs in blood plasma
-Alkalosis - -Condition in which excess base accumulates in, or acids are lost from, the
body.
-Amino acids - -Nitrogen containing chemical compounds of which protein is
composed
-Amphetamines - -Drugs intended to inhibit appetite
-Anemia - -Condition caused by insufficient number of red blood cells, hemoglobin or
blood volume.
-Angina pectoris - -Pain in the heart muscle due to inadequate blood supply.
-arteriosclerosis - -Generic term for thickened arteries
-Arthritis - -Chronic disease involving the joints
-ascites - -Abnormal collection of fluid in the abdomen.
-aspartame - -Artificial sweetener made from two amino acid; does not require insulin
for metabolism
-aspirated - -Inhaled or suctioned
-Atherosclerosis - -a form of arteriolosclerosis affecting the intima (inner lining) of the
artery walls
-avitaminosis - -Without vitamins
-Beriberi - -Deficiency disease caused by lack of vitamin b1 thiamine. Legs feel heavy
feet burn and muscles degenerate.
, -Basal metabolism rate BMR - -The rate at which energy is needed for body
maintenance.
-bile - -Secretion of the liver, stored in the gallbladder, essential for the digestion of fat.
-Bioavailable - -The ability of a nutrient to be readily absorbed and used by the body
-biotin - -a B vitamin, necessary for metabolism
-Bolus - -Food in the mouth that is ready to be swallowed
-Botulism - -Deadliest of food poisoning; cost by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum
-bran - -outer covering of grain kernels. Contains minerals B vitamins cellulose and
protein
-Buffer systems - -Protective systems regulating amounts of hydrogen ions in body
fluids
-Cachexia - -Severe malnutrition and body wasting caused by chronic disease
-caliper - -Mechanical device used to measure percentage of body fat by skinfold
measurement
-calorie - -Represents the amount of heat needed to raise temperature of 1 kg of water
1°C
-Carboxypeptidase - -pancreatic enzyme necessary for protein digestion
-nutrients (6) - -Chemical substances that are found in food and necessary for good
health. Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water.
-Essential nutrient - -Nutrients found only in food
-Carbohydrates - -About 50% of diet. Provides energy. Protein sparing action. Normal
fat metabolism. Three types.
-Monosaccharides - -Simplest form of carbohydrates. No digestion required. Can be
easily absorbed directly into the blood stream from the small intestine they include
glucose fructose and galactose
-Disaccharides - -Double sugars. Hydrolysis to monosaccharides. Examples are sucrose
maltose and lactose
-Lactose intolerance - -Inability to digest lactose because if you lack of the enzyme
lactase; causes abdominal cramps and diarrhea
Question and answers- All correct!!
Absorption - -Taking up of nutrients in the intestines
-Adipose tissue - -Fatty tissue
-Aerobic metabolism - -Combining nutrient oxygen within the cell; also called
oxidation.
-Albumin - -Protein that occurs in blood plasma
-Alkalosis - -Condition in which excess base accumulates in, or acids are lost from, the
body.
-Amino acids - -Nitrogen containing chemical compounds of which protein is
composed
-Amphetamines - -Drugs intended to inhibit appetite
-Anemia - -Condition caused by insufficient number of red blood cells, hemoglobin or
blood volume.
-Angina pectoris - -Pain in the heart muscle due to inadequate blood supply.
-arteriosclerosis - -Generic term for thickened arteries
-Arthritis - -Chronic disease involving the joints
-ascites - -Abnormal collection of fluid in the abdomen.
-aspartame - -Artificial sweetener made from two amino acid; does not require insulin
for metabolism
-aspirated - -Inhaled or suctioned
-Atherosclerosis - -a form of arteriolosclerosis affecting the intima (inner lining) of the
artery walls
-avitaminosis - -Without vitamins
-Beriberi - -Deficiency disease caused by lack of vitamin b1 thiamine. Legs feel heavy
feet burn and muscles degenerate.
, -Basal metabolism rate BMR - -The rate at which energy is needed for body
maintenance.
-bile - -Secretion of the liver, stored in the gallbladder, essential for the digestion of fat.
-Bioavailable - -The ability of a nutrient to be readily absorbed and used by the body
-biotin - -a B vitamin, necessary for metabolism
-Bolus - -Food in the mouth that is ready to be swallowed
-Botulism - -Deadliest of food poisoning; cost by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum
-bran - -outer covering of grain kernels. Contains minerals B vitamins cellulose and
protein
-Buffer systems - -Protective systems regulating amounts of hydrogen ions in body
fluids
-Cachexia - -Severe malnutrition and body wasting caused by chronic disease
-caliper - -Mechanical device used to measure percentage of body fat by skinfold
measurement
-calorie - -Represents the amount of heat needed to raise temperature of 1 kg of water
1°C
-Carboxypeptidase - -pancreatic enzyme necessary for protein digestion
-nutrients (6) - -Chemical substances that are found in food and necessary for good
health. Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water.
-Essential nutrient - -Nutrients found only in food
-Carbohydrates - -About 50% of diet. Provides energy. Protein sparing action. Normal
fat metabolism. Three types.
-Monosaccharides - -Simplest form of carbohydrates. No digestion required. Can be
easily absorbed directly into the blood stream from the small intestine they include
glucose fructose and galactose
-Disaccharides - -Double sugars. Hydrolysis to monosaccharides. Examples are sucrose
maltose and lactose
-Lactose intolerance - -Inability to digest lactose because if you lack of the enzyme
lactase; causes abdominal cramps and diarrhea
