Lesson 07 Semi Finals Notes disbands when the interest declines, or a goal has
been achieved.
WORK TEAMS AND GROUPS
Friendship Group - is one where members are
Objectives: brought together because they share one or more
In this chapter we will be able to: common characteristics such as age, political beliefs,
1. Learn the concept of work teams and groups, or ethnic background. Friendship groups often extend
2. Know what the differences between work teams and their interaction and communication to activities
groups are, and outside their jobs.
3. Learn the advantages and disadvantages of work
teams and group. WHY PEOPLE FORM GROUPS?
People form groups for reasons such as:
WORK TEAMS AND GROUPS 1.Need satisfaction
Group output and productivity are essential 2.Proximity/distance
concerns of people managing organizations. This can be 3.Attraction
achieved through the use of knowledge about the 4.Goals and
behavior of groups including work teams. 5.Economics.
STAGES OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT
WHAT ARE GROUPS? Groups are like people; they learn and they
A group may be defined as two or more persons, develop.
interacting and independent, who have come together to
achieve certain objectives. Groups may be classified as: 1. The forming stage - the initial entry of members to a
group is a primary concern. However, the specific
Formal Group - defined by the organization structure, concerns of the members consist of the following:
with designated work assignments and established
tasks. 1. they are eager to learn what tasks they will be
Informal Group - group type neither formally performing;
structured nor organizationally determined. This is 2.how they can benefit from the group membership;
formed by individuals and developed around 3. what constitutes acceptable behavior; and
common interests and friendship rather than around a 4. what rules must be followed.
deliberate design.
2. The storming stage - the stage when conflict within
the group happens.
GROUPS 3. The norming stage - the stage a.k.a. initial integration
wherein the group really begins to come together as a
coordinated unit. Cooperation and collaboration are
Formal Group Informal Group its main characteristics. There is an open exchange of
information, acceptance of differences of opinion,
and active attempts to achieve goals and objectives
Command Task Interest Friendship which are mutually agreed upon.
Group Group Group Group
4. The performing stage – a.k.a. total integration stage;
TYPES OF FORMAL GROUPS
the group emerges as a mature, organized, and well-
Command Group - a group composed of individuals functioning group, and is ready to focus on
who report directly to a certain manager. accomplishing its key tasks.
Task Group - kind of group consisting of persons
The performing stage consists of two
working together to complete a job task.
different sub - stages as follows:
TYPES OF INFORMAL GROUP 1. The sub - stage where the group has attained a
level of effectiveness that will remain more or less
Interest Group - is one that is formed because of
constant and as such, group performance will be
some special topic interest. In general, the group
maintained at a level sufficient to ensure survival.
, 2. The sub - stage where the process of learning and 6. Mediator–mediates/gets in between parties involved
development of the group is ongoing so that group in a dispute
effectiveness and efficiency continues, and as a
7. Gatekeeper - there is always a chance that one or two
result, group performance will reach higher levels.
overeager members will dominate discussions. As a
5. The adjourning stage - involves the termination result, timid members may not be heard even if their
activities. views are worth listening to. There is also that chance
that even good ideas that were presented and
This stage is applicable to temporary groups
recognized may be forgotten after some time.
such as committees, project groups, task forces, and
similar entities. 8. Take-Charge Leader –The leadership vacuum cannot
exist indefinitely and for the sake of the group
The termination of the group’s activities may be
effectiveness, a team member should assume the role
triggered by any of the following:
of the take-charge leader when a group has no
1. When the groups purpose has been fulfilled; or appointed leader or an absent leader.
2. When the group has failed to revitalize itself
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE
during the performing stage.
GROUP
Advantages
Forming
1. More inputs from various perspectives can be made
available for effective decisions making.
2. Synergism is more likely when people work together
Adjourning Storming as a group.
3. People in the groups are more supportive of decisions
that were formulated with their assistance.
4. It allows the efficient exchange of information for
effective problem solving.
Performing
Norming 5. The opportunity for fulfilling the safety, affiliation,
and esteem needs of group member is made available;
ROLES WITHIN GROUPS and
6. Group members get mutual support from each other.
1.Knowledge Contributor - any group would largely
benefit from a member who plays this role. If he is
technically proficient enough, he will be providing Disadvantages
useful and valid information. He can be of great help in
1. Group activity is usually slower and more
task accomplishment and the value of sharing technical
cumbersome because every member has the opportunity
expertise with other members of another group.
to make contributions;
2.Process Observer - the person occupying this role 2.Group meetings are held to disseminate strictly routine
forces members to look at how the group functions. He data that could be more efficiently conveyed in writing
is the first member affected when the group is starting through interoffice memorandum. When this happens,
to fail in doing its function. He is also the first to the effectiveness of the group is undermined.
acknowledge excellent group performance. 3. The group’s decision may be diluted by every
member’s input making the decision ineffective.
3. People Supporter - there is a need for one member to 4. Accountability is often a problem with group activity.
assume the role of people supporter who provides 5. There are occasions when some members shirk
emotional support to teammates and resolve conflicts. responsibility and let other members of the group do the
4. Challenger- the group needs someone who confronts work.
and challenges bad ideas. This will prevent 6. When the group is highly cohesive and motivated,
complacency and non - critical thinking. outside criticism tends to be ignored as group members
look inward for reinforcement of each other’s opinions.
5. Listener - there is a need for someone to listen to
whatever ideas or proposals presented by any member
of the group.
been achieved.
WORK TEAMS AND GROUPS
Friendship Group - is one where members are
Objectives: brought together because they share one or more
In this chapter we will be able to: common characteristics such as age, political beliefs,
1. Learn the concept of work teams and groups, or ethnic background. Friendship groups often extend
2. Know what the differences between work teams and their interaction and communication to activities
groups are, and outside their jobs.
3. Learn the advantages and disadvantages of work
teams and group. WHY PEOPLE FORM GROUPS?
People form groups for reasons such as:
WORK TEAMS AND GROUPS 1.Need satisfaction
Group output and productivity are essential 2.Proximity/distance
concerns of people managing organizations. This can be 3.Attraction
achieved through the use of knowledge about the 4.Goals and
behavior of groups including work teams. 5.Economics.
STAGES OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT
WHAT ARE GROUPS? Groups are like people; they learn and they
A group may be defined as two or more persons, develop.
interacting and independent, who have come together to
achieve certain objectives. Groups may be classified as: 1. The forming stage - the initial entry of members to a
group is a primary concern. However, the specific
Formal Group - defined by the organization structure, concerns of the members consist of the following:
with designated work assignments and established
tasks. 1. they are eager to learn what tasks they will be
Informal Group - group type neither formally performing;
structured nor organizationally determined. This is 2.how they can benefit from the group membership;
formed by individuals and developed around 3. what constitutes acceptable behavior; and
common interests and friendship rather than around a 4. what rules must be followed.
deliberate design.
2. The storming stage - the stage when conflict within
the group happens.
GROUPS 3. The norming stage - the stage a.k.a. initial integration
wherein the group really begins to come together as a
coordinated unit. Cooperation and collaboration are
Formal Group Informal Group its main characteristics. There is an open exchange of
information, acceptance of differences of opinion,
and active attempts to achieve goals and objectives
Command Task Interest Friendship which are mutually agreed upon.
Group Group Group Group
4. The performing stage – a.k.a. total integration stage;
TYPES OF FORMAL GROUPS
the group emerges as a mature, organized, and well-
Command Group - a group composed of individuals functioning group, and is ready to focus on
who report directly to a certain manager. accomplishing its key tasks.
Task Group - kind of group consisting of persons
The performing stage consists of two
working together to complete a job task.
different sub - stages as follows:
TYPES OF INFORMAL GROUP 1. The sub - stage where the group has attained a
level of effectiveness that will remain more or less
Interest Group - is one that is formed because of
constant and as such, group performance will be
some special topic interest. In general, the group
maintained at a level sufficient to ensure survival.
, 2. The sub - stage where the process of learning and 6. Mediator–mediates/gets in between parties involved
development of the group is ongoing so that group in a dispute
effectiveness and efficiency continues, and as a
7. Gatekeeper - there is always a chance that one or two
result, group performance will reach higher levels.
overeager members will dominate discussions. As a
5. The adjourning stage - involves the termination result, timid members may not be heard even if their
activities. views are worth listening to. There is also that chance
that even good ideas that were presented and
This stage is applicable to temporary groups
recognized may be forgotten after some time.
such as committees, project groups, task forces, and
similar entities. 8. Take-Charge Leader –The leadership vacuum cannot
exist indefinitely and for the sake of the group
The termination of the group’s activities may be
effectiveness, a team member should assume the role
triggered by any of the following:
of the take-charge leader when a group has no
1. When the groups purpose has been fulfilled; or appointed leader or an absent leader.
2. When the group has failed to revitalize itself
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE
during the performing stage.
GROUP
Advantages
Forming
1. More inputs from various perspectives can be made
available for effective decisions making.
2. Synergism is more likely when people work together
Adjourning Storming as a group.
3. People in the groups are more supportive of decisions
that were formulated with their assistance.
4. It allows the efficient exchange of information for
effective problem solving.
Performing
Norming 5. The opportunity for fulfilling the safety, affiliation,
and esteem needs of group member is made available;
ROLES WITHIN GROUPS and
6. Group members get mutual support from each other.
1.Knowledge Contributor - any group would largely
benefit from a member who plays this role. If he is
technically proficient enough, he will be providing Disadvantages
useful and valid information. He can be of great help in
1. Group activity is usually slower and more
task accomplishment and the value of sharing technical
cumbersome because every member has the opportunity
expertise with other members of another group.
to make contributions;
2.Process Observer - the person occupying this role 2.Group meetings are held to disseminate strictly routine
forces members to look at how the group functions. He data that could be more efficiently conveyed in writing
is the first member affected when the group is starting through interoffice memorandum. When this happens,
to fail in doing its function. He is also the first to the effectiveness of the group is undermined.
acknowledge excellent group performance. 3. The group’s decision may be diluted by every
member’s input making the decision ineffective.
3. People Supporter - there is a need for one member to 4. Accountability is often a problem with group activity.
assume the role of people supporter who provides 5. There are occasions when some members shirk
emotional support to teammates and resolve conflicts. responsibility and let other members of the group do the
4. Challenger- the group needs someone who confronts work.
and challenges bad ideas. This will prevent 6. When the group is highly cohesive and motivated,
complacency and non - critical thinking. outside criticism tends to be ignored as group members
look inward for reinforcement of each other’s opinions.
5. Listener - there is a need for someone to listen to
whatever ideas or proposals presented by any member
of the group.
