BKAT ICU Post Test 2023 with complete solution
Nitroprusside purpose
decreases preload and afterload by vasodilation (mainly afterload)
Dobutamine mechanism of action
contractility
Dopamine at a low-end dose "renal dose"
0.5-4mcg/kg/min
increases renal and mesentric perfusion
Dopamine at a mid-range dose
4-10mcg/kg/min
increases contractility and heart rate
Dopamine at a high-range dose
greater than 10mcg/kg/min
vasoconstriction and increases BP
Dopamine and Levophed infiltration
leads to tissue necrosis
Dopamine antidote
regitine (phentolamine)
TpA monitor for
bleeding-hemorrhagic CVA
diltiazem (cardizem) works by?
(calcium channel blocker) slows ventricular rate by slowing conduction through the SA
and AV node
Diltazem (cardizem) biggest effect on which hemodynamic
hypotension
diltazem is used for patients with
a-fib or a-flutter
amiodarone (Cordarone) is a
antiarrythmic
prolongs the cardiac duration
You MUST use a __________ when using amiodarone infusion
0.22 micron filter
Watch out for ____________ in patients on a amiodarone infusion
hypotension, prolongation of QT interval and bradycardia
amiodarone is used for patients with
a-fib, a-flutter and VT
how much amiodarone is given to a stable VT with a pulse and a unstable pulseless
VT/VF?
150mg over 10min for VT with pulse
300mg push; repeat x1 at 150mg
Epinephrine has what effect on the body?
increases HR, BP, and contractility
what is the first line drug for pulseless arrest?
Epinephrine
What rhythms are considered fatal?
, V-fib, Vtach (pulseless), and asystole
Epinephrine is also given for?
anaphylaxis and as a vasopressor for hypotension
Heparin is used for? Antidote is?
anticoagulant
Protamine Sulfate
What is the osmotic diuretic of choice to decrease intracranial pressure?
mannitol
How does mannitol work?
pulls fluids into intravascular space to be excreted by the kidneys to reduce intracranial
pressure
what insulin is given IV?
What is the peak?
Regular insulin can only be given IV
2-4 hr peak time
Which insulin has a peak of 8-14 hrs?
NPH
Atropine is ineffective in which heart rhythms types?
high degree AV blocks: 2nd degree type2 and 3rd degree
Atropine works by?
increasing heart rate-increasing conduction through SA node
Atropine is given to treat?
symptomatic bradycardia
Dilantin is given to treat
seizure disorders
DO NOT give __________ with dilantin because ________ will happen.
DO NOT give with dextrose containing solutions because it will crystalize
Which corticosteroid is usually given in insufficient adrenal activity or
hypersensitivity/inflammation reactions?
Cortisone
If chronically using cortisone be sure to _____ to prevent _____.
If chronically using cortisone be sure to taper the medications to prevent acute adrenal
insufficiency
This medication is a cardiac glycoside that increases contractility.
Digoxin
Digoxin increases contractility by
slowing the heart rate which decreases conduction through the AV node
What should be monitored in patients taking Digoxin?
hypotension, bradycardia, and symptoms of toxicity
Signs/Symptoms of Digoxin toxicity
nausea, yellow vision/halo, paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT with block).
True/Flase:
Digoxin WILL NOT cause rapid AV conduction or hypertension
True
what medication is a antiarrhythmic that suppresses automaticity and depolarization?
lidocaine
Nitroprusside purpose
decreases preload and afterload by vasodilation (mainly afterload)
Dobutamine mechanism of action
contractility
Dopamine at a low-end dose "renal dose"
0.5-4mcg/kg/min
increases renal and mesentric perfusion
Dopamine at a mid-range dose
4-10mcg/kg/min
increases contractility and heart rate
Dopamine at a high-range dose
greater than 10mcg/kg/min
vasoconstriction and increases BP
Dopamine and Levophed infiltration
leads to tissue necrosis
Dopamine antidote
regitine (phentolamine)
TpA monitor for
bleeding-hemorrhagic CVA
diltiazem (cardizem) works by?
(calcium channel blocker) slows ventricular rate by slowing conduction through the SA
and AV node
Diltazem (cardizem) biggest effect on which hemodynamic
hypotension
diltazem is used for patients with
a-fib or a-flutter
amiodarone (Cordarone) is a
antiarrythmic
prolongs the cardiac duration
You MUST use a __________ when using amiodarone infusion
0.22 micron filter
Watch out for ____________ in patients on a amiodarone infusion
hypotension, prolongation of QT interval and bradycardia
amiodarone is used for patients with
a-fib, a-flutter and VT
how much amiodarone is given to a stable VT with a pulse and a unstable pulseless
VT/VF?
150mg over 10min for VT with pulse
300mg push; repeat x1 at 150mg
Epinephrine has what effect on the body?
increases HR, BP, and contractility
what is the first line drug for pulseless arrest?
Epinephrine
What rhythms are considered fatal?
, V-fib, Vtach (pulseless), and asystole
Epinephrine is also given for?
anaphylaxis and as a vasopressor for hypotension
Heparin is used for? Antidote is?
anticoagulant
Protamine Sulfate
What is the osmotic diuretic of choice to decrease intracranial pressure?
mannitol
How does mannitol work?
pulls fluids into intravascular space to be excreted by the kidneys to reduce intracranial
pressure
what insulin is given IV?
What is the peak?
Regular insulin can only be given IV
2-4 hr peak time
Which insulin has a peak of 8-14 hrs?
NPH
Atropine is ineffective in which heart rhythms types?
high degree AV blocks: 2nd degree type2 and 3rd degree
Atropine works by?
increasing heart rate-increasing conduction through SA node
Atropine is given to treat?
symptomatic bradycardia
Dilantin is given to treat
seizure disorders
DO NOT give __________ with dilantin because ________ will happen.
DO NOT give with dextrose containing solutions because it will crystalize
Which corticosteroid is usually given in insufficient adrenal activity or
hypersensitivity/inflammation reactions?
Cortisone
If chronically using cortisone be sure to _____ to prevent _____.
If chronically using cortisone be sure to taper the medications to prevent acute adrenal
insufficiency
This medication is a cardiac glycoside that increases contractility.
Digoxin
Digoxin increases contractility by
slowing the heart rate which decreases conduction through the AV node
What should be monitored in patients taking Digoxin?
hypotension, bradycardia, and symptoms of toxicity
Signs/Symptoms of Digoxin toxicity
nausea, yellow vision/halo, paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT with block).
True/Flase:
Digoxin WILL NOT cause rapid AV conduction or hypertension
True
what medication is a antiarrhythmic that suppresses automaticity and depolarization?
lidocaine
