PALS - Red Cross Final Exam 2021(Already graded A)
Laboratory tests are ordered for a child who has been vomiting for 3 days and is
diaphoretic, tachypneic, lethargic and pale. Which test would the provider use to
determine the adequacy of oxygen delivery?
Lactate
A provider is forming an initial impression of a child using the Pediatric Assessment
Triangle (PAT). During which step of the PAT may the provider use the mnemonic
TICLS to assess the patient?
Appearance
A child being cared for in the pediatric telemetry unit suddenly displays the following
ECG waveform. The provider prepares to intervene because the child is demonstrating
which type of arrhythmia?
Supraventricular tachycardia
A 2-year-old child of unknown weight arrives at the emergency department in cardiac
arrest. When preparing to administer medications, which action would be appropriate for
the team to take?
Estimate weight using a length-based resuscitation tape.
A 9-year-old patient is presenting with decreased breath sounds, bradycardia, slowed
respiratory rate and a low O2 saturation level. The provider interprets these findings as
indicating which condition?
Respiratory failure
A 5-year-old child with a history of a chronic neuromuscular disease is experiencing
respiratory distress. The child is breathing spontaneously and receiving supplemental
oxygen. Which additional intervention is a critical component of airway management for
this patient?
Airway clearance
An 8-year-old child being treated in the emergency department has significant
respiratory distress. The child also exhibits hives, wheezing, angioedema, tachycardia
and tachypnea. The parents state that the child, who is allergic to peanuts, had eaten
some popcorn that had peanuts in it. The team initiates care, preparing to administer
which agent first?
Epinephrine
A 12-lead ECG is ordered for a child complaining of a "racing heart." When placing the
electrodes on the child, at which location would the lead for V4 be placed?
Fifth intercostal space at midclavicular line, left side
A 10-year-old child has collapsed in the gym of the elementary school. The school
nurse arrives and determines that the child is unresponsive. The school nurse then
simultaneously checks for breathing and a central pulse, limiting this assessment to
which time frame?
At least 5 seconds, but no more than 10
A 30-month old child has been diagnosed with moderate croup. Which medication(s)
would the provider administer?
1. Racemic epinephrine
2. Corticosteroids
, A child is experiencing shock. The emergency response team prepares for imminent
cardiac arrest when assessment reveals which finding(s)?
1. Bradycardia
2. Diminished central pulses
3. Hypotension
A PALS resuscitation team is preparing to defibrillate a child experiencing cardiac
arrest. For which rhythm(s) would this action be appropriate?
1. Ventricular fibrillation (VF)
2. Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT)
A child is experiencing stable supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and is to receive
treatment. Which initial treatment would the provider administer?
Vagal maneuvers
A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department by the parents. Assessment
reveals that the child is gasping and the pulse rate is 65 beats per minute. Which action
would the provider initiate first?
Deliver 1 BVM ventilation every 3 to 5 seconds.
The PALS resuscitation team notes the following ECG waveform and the child does not
have a pulse. The team prepares to intervene to address which arrhythmia?
Torsades de pointes
A child who is stable and exhibiting a wide-complex tachycardia is to receive adenosine.
The provider would be alert for which result after administering this medication?
Transient asystole
The PALS team leader is conducting a debriefing session with the team. Which topic(s)
would the team leader most likely address during the session?
1. Identification of ways to improve
2. Discussion of the pros and cons of the interventions
3. Summary of the event, including what actions were taken
4. Evaluation of the objective data gathered during the event
A 12-year-old child being evaluated in the pediatric intensive care unit displays the
following ECG waveform. The team interprets this as which arrhythmia?
Second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, type I
A provider is assessing a child with suspected shock. Which statement correctly
describes hypotension and shock?
Hypotension is not a consistent feature of shock in children.
An 11-year-old soccer player is brought to the emergency department. After a quick
assessment, the team realizes this patient is experiencing a severe asthma
exacerbation. Which medication would the team administer first?
Albuterol plus ipratropium bromide
An 11-year-old child develops unstable wide complex tachycardia. Assessment reveals
signs of significant hemodynamic compromise, but the child has a pulse. The PALS
team would prepare the child for which intervention?
Synchronized cardioversion
A 15-year-old patient is being evaluated during a follow-up visit after being diagnosed
with Lyme disease 2 months ago. A rhythm strip is obtained as shown below. The
provider interprets this rhythm as indicating which arrhythmia?
First-degree atrioventricular (AV) block
Laboratory tests are ordered for a child who has been vomiting for 3 days and is
diaphoretic, tachypneic, lethargic and pale. Which test would the provider use to
determine the adequacy of oxygen delivery?
Lactate
A provider is forming an initial impression of a child using the Pediatric Assessment
Triangle (PAT). During which step of the PAT may the provider use the mnemonic
TICLS to assess the patient?
Appearance
A child being cared for in the pediatric telemetry unit suddenly displays the following
ECG waveform. The provider prepares to intervene because the child is demonstrating
which type of arrhythmia?
Supraventricular tachycardia
A 2-year-old child of unknown weight arrives at the emergency department in cardiac
arrest. When preparing to administer medications, which action would be appropriate for
the team to take?
Estimate weight using a length-based resuscitation tape.
A 9-year-old patient is presenting with decreased breath sounds, bradycardia, slowed
respiratory rate and a low O2 saturation level. The provider interprets these findings as
indicating which condition?
Respiratory failure
A 5-year-old child with a history of a chronic neuromuscular disease is experiencing
respiratory distress. The child is breathing spontaneously and receiving supplemental
oxygen. Which additional intervention is a critical component of airway management for
this patient?
Airway clearance
An 8-year-old child being treated in the emergency department has significant
respiratory distress. The child also exhibits hives, wheezing, angioedema, tachycardia
and tachypnea. The parents state that the child, who is allergic to peanuts, had eaten
some popcorn that had peanuts in it. The team initiates care, preparing to administer
which agent first?
Epinephrine
A 12-lead ECG is ordered for a child complaining of a "racing heart." When placing the
electrodes on the child, at which location would the lead for V4 be placed?
Fifth intercostal space at midclavicular line, left side
A 10-year-old child has collapsed in the gym of the elementary school. The school
nurse arrives and determines that the child is unresponsive. The school nurse then
simultaneously checks for breathing and a central pulse, limiting this assessment to
which time frame?
At least 5 seconds, but no more than 10
A 30-month old child has been diagnosed with moderate croup. Which medication(s)
would the provider administer?
1. Racemic epinephrine
2. Corticosteroids
, A child is experiencing shock. The emergency response team prepares for imminent
cardiac arrest when assessment reveals which finding(s)?
1. Bradycardia
2. Diminished central pulses
3. Hypotension
A PALS resuscitation team is preparing to defibrillate a child experiencing cardiac
arrest. For which rhythm(s) would this action be appropriate?
1. Ventricular fibrillation (VF)
2. Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT)
A child is experiencing stable supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and is to receive
treatment. Which initial treatment would the provider administer?
Vagal maneuvers
A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department by the parents. Assessment
reveals that the child is gasping and the pulse rate is 65 beats per minute. Which action
would the provider initiate first?
Deliver 1 BVM ventilation every 3 to 5 seconds.
The PALS resuscitation team notes the following ECG waveform and the child does not
have a pulse. The team prepares to intervene to address which arrhythmia?
Torsades de pointes
A child who is stable and exhibiting a wide-complex tachycardia is to receive adenosine.
The provider would be alert for which result after administering this medication?
Transient asystole
The PALS team leader is conducting a debriefing session with the team. Which topic(s)
would the team leader most likely address during the session?
1. Identification of ways to improve
2. Discussion of the pros and cons of the interventions
3. Summary of the event, including what actions were taken
4. Evaluation of the objective data gathered during the event
A 12-year-old child being evaluated in the pediatric intensive care unit displays the
following ECG waveform. The team interprets this as which arrhythmia?
Second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, type I
A provider is assessing a child with suspected shock. Which statement correctly
describes hypotension and shock?
Hypotension is not a consistent feature of shock in children.
An 11-year-old soccer player is brought to the emergency department. After a quick
assessment, the team realizes this patient is experiencing a severe asthma
exacerbation. Which medication would the team administer first?
Albuterol plus ipratropium bromide
An 11-year-old child develops unstable wide complex tachycardia. Assessment reveals
signs of significant hemodynamic compromise, but the child has a pulse. The PALS
team would prepare the child for which intervention?
Synchronized cardioversion
A 15-year-old patient is being evaluated during a follow-up visit after being diagnosed
with Lyme disease 2 months ago. A rhythm strip is obtained as shown below. The
provider interprets this rhythm as indicating which arrhythmia?
First-degree atrioventricular (AV) block
