Ultimate AP Biology Vocabulary Review With Complete Solution 100%

Ultimate AP Biology Vocabulary Review polar Molecule with partial charges. Mixes with water. nonpolar No partial charges. Do not mix with water. electronegativity Attraction of an atom for electrons in a covalent bond. cohesion Water molecules sticking to each other. adhesion Water molecules sticking to other surfaces. solute Something dissolved in a solution. solvent Dissolving agent of a solution. isomers Same atoms but different arrangement. structural isomers Differ in arrangement of atoms. geometric isomer Differ in arrangement around a double bond. enantiomers Structures that are like a mirror-image. alpha glucose Monomer for starch and glycogen. beta glucose Monomer for cellulose and chitin. cellulose Carbohydrate component of plant cell walls. starch Storage polysaccharide of plants. glycogen Extremely branched polymer of glucose. chitin Polysaccharide found in arthropod exoskeletons and fungal cell walls. -ose Suffix of a sugar. tryiacylglycerol Glycerol and three fatty acids. steroids Made of four rings of carbon. cholesterol Steroid common in cell membranes, also in many hormones. peptide bond Bonds that connect amino acids. Fredrick Sanger Determined amino acid sequence of proteins. disulphide bridges Reinforce tertiary structure. primary structure Chain of amino acids. secondary structure Either an alpha helix or beta pleated sheet. tertiary structure Results from interactions between side chains. quaternary structure Results from two or more polypeptide subunits. -in Suffix of a protein. purines Bases with a double-ring structure. pyrimidines Bases with a single-ring structure. phosphodiester bonds Bonds between phosphate group and pentose sugar in nucleic acids. synthesis To put together.