Nurs 6501 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam with grade A+ and with accurate answers

Cellular Physiology - Prokaryotes - ANS• Prokaryotes [only cells for 3 billion years] • single cell organism • Cyanobacteria [blue-green algae] • Bacteria • Rickettsia • [Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever] • Bound by cellular membrane that carries out all activities • Single circular chromosome for genetic information Eukaryotes - ANSeu = good karyo = nucleus [large) -complex intracellular anatomy -organelles = membrane bound compartments of specialized function within the cell - histones - bind with DNA - chromosomes - cell plasma membrane/cytoplasm carries organelles Eukaryotes - ANSFound in : - Higher organisms/plants {people} - Fungi - Protozoa - Most algae Cellular Communication - ANSChemical messenger systems : 1. move from cell to cell through channels in the membrane 2. move into extracellular fluid 3. bind to receptors on or near cell surface {first messenger) Cellular Communication - ANSThere are external signals converted to internal signals carried by second messenger = Epigenetics: The cells do not interact just among themselves, they interact within the environment - cell adaptation, evolution 4. second messenger triggers change Plasma Membranes Magic mem-BRAIN - ANS1. Structure 2. Protection 3. Activation 4. Transport 5. Cell to Cell interaction Plasma Membranes Magic mem-BRAIN - ANS-Membrane "interacts intelligently" with environment to produce behavior of other cellular components making it.... -The true brain of the cell = not the nucleus *nucleus is just the microprocessor making copies of itself