NUTRITION NOTES
(4/28/14)
HEART DISEASE
DISCUSSION
Heart disease = #1 problem in America
o Arteries clotting (Atherosclerosis) – begin from date of birth
Slow, progressive hardening and narrowing of the arteries by fat,
cholesterol, and others.
o Every 26 sec. = cardiac event – once every min. = someone dies
1 of 2 men & 1 of 3 women
½ die from it, 80% die w/ it
No symptoms
o First symptom – arteries 80% clogged = CHEST PAIN
o Lucky if catch chest pain as 1st symptom – life saving
Strong, on-going source of oxygen to heart – blood vessels (clog the arteries =
no O^2)
Cholesterol – ceiling = 120/90
½ die from heart attack – suddenly/immediately – “Sudden Death”
Primary examination = do stuff to prevent the problem - nutrition
Secondary examination = examining one-self (already have it)
“Hidden Epidemic…” Chapter 1 – Out of Nowhere
2 hour window of no O^2 before hear stops beating
Right side of heart = lungs – Left = everything else
American approach on med = simple driven
Framingham Heart Study
o Post World War II, as our vets were coming back and re-entering the work
force, the public health service made the observation that men in their 50's
and 60's were dying of Heart Disease and we didn't know the cause.
o In 1948, the US Public Health Service launched a study of heart disease
that would become a landmark in medical history. Follow a group of
, ordinary, healthy people for 20 years and search for causes of heart
disease.
o 3,000 people
o 3 key risk factors (score card) -- high blood pressure, high cholesterol,
and smoking
Heart failure = weakened heart muscle and can’t pump blood. Fluid backs up into
the lungs making it very difficult for people to breathe. Form of chronic suffocation
that can last for years and go in a spiraling downward course.
Congestive heart failure - last stage of disease for patients who've survived heart
attacks or other damage to their hearts. Progressive and fatal condition (smoking
is a main cause).
“Death to Heart Muscle” = heart attack – Myocardial Infarction
Hardening of the artery – atherosclerosis
Arteries have 3 layers
o Inner – Endothelium layer (smooth) – reduces friction, not allow blood
cells to collect (no clots), prevents atherosclerosis
If damaged – high blood pressure
o Mid – Muscular layer (thick)
o Outer – tissue layer
Immune System not always helpful (continued on 4/30)
Sudden death = heart attack occurs so suddenly that there is no medical
treatment to help with it
Monocytes – large white blood cells – search for trouble
o Leave blood stream (macrophages) – bed in arteries if damaged = builds
cholesterol
Platelets – form a wall to isolate damage = clotting
Stable vs. Unstable Plaques
o High CRP = high immune system
Attack plaque in arteries – debris goes downstream – builds more
further downstream = bad news
Unstable plaques = venerable to be torn apart - heart attack much
earlier than stable
, High CRP
Coronary Arteries – twice as big – clotted at 50% = no symptoms
Gingivitis has been known to link with Heart disease – immune sys. works hard
and can lead to clotting arteries
(4/30/14)
CONTINUED
Almost half a million women die of heart disease in the U.S. every year
Taking more women's lives than the next five causes of death combined
10 times more deadly than breast cancer
More women die from a cardiac event than men
o Women – happens later in life / men – earlier (attracts attention)
Jaw, shoulder, back, arms, and stomach pain = symptoms for some women
(easily over looked)
2/3 of women who die suddenly from heart attack have NO symptoms
Cholesterol (normal ingredient in the body) helps create the membranes of cells.
The body makes all the cholesterol it needs on its own. Food with high fat
content adds the rest.
1965 in Framingham study – connection between heart disease and amount of
cholesterol
o Prior, 300 was bad, anything else good – now 300 is devastating
HDL cholesterol = good / LDL cholesterol = bad
LDL – kept in check by receptors in liver (metabolize) – can’t handle large
amount
o Where there's too much LD in the blood, it binds with other to create waxy
plaques that eventually travel through the bloodstream and clog the
arteries in the heart.
China = 150 level – no coronary problems
1987 = 1st drug to help cholesterol – Statin = help liver clear cholesterol out of
body
Dallas, Nov. 1994 – American Heart Assoc. international trial for Statin (avoid
heart attacks)
o Good results – lowering cholesterol w/ meds = lower risk of heart disease
(4/28/14)
HEART DISEASE
DISCUSSION
Heart disease = #1 problem in America
o Arteries clotting (Atherosclerosis) – begin from date of birth
Slow, progressive hardening and narrowing of the arteries by fat,
cholesterol, and others.
o Every 26 sec. = cardiac event – once every min. = someone dies
1 of 2 men & 1 of 3 women
½ die from it, 80% die w/ it
No symptoms
o First symptom – arteries 80% clogged = CHEST PAIN
o Lucky if catch chest pain as 1st symptom – life saving
Strong, on-going source of oxygen to heart – blood vessels (clog the arteries =
no O^2)
Cholesterol – ceiling = 120/90
½ die from heart attack – suddenly/immediately – “Sudden Death”
Primary examination = do stuff to prevent the problem - nutrition
Secondary examination = examining one-self (already have it)
“Hidden Epidemic…” Chapter 1 – Out of Nowhere
2 hour window of no O^2 before hear stops beating
Right side of heart = lungs – Left = everything else
American approach on med = simple driven
Framingham Heart Study
o Post World War II, as our vets were coming back and re-entering the work
force, the public health service made the observation that men in their 50's
and 60's were dying of Heart Disease and we didn't know the cause.
o In 1948, the US Public Health Service launched a study of heart disease
that would become a landmark in medical history. Follow a group of
, ordinary, healthy people for 20 years and search for causes of heart
disease.
o 3,000 people
o 3 key risk factors (score card) -- high blood pressure, high cholesterol,
and smoking
Heart failure = weakened heart muscle and can’t pump blood. Fluid backs up into
the lungs making it very difficult for people to breathe. Form of chronic suffocation
that can last for years and go in a spiraling downward course.
Congestive heart failure - last stage of disease for patients who've survived heart
attacks or other damage to their hearts. Progressive and fatal condition (smoking
is a main cause).
“Death to Heart Muscle” = heart attack – Myocardial Infarction
Hardening of the artery – atherosclerosis
Arteries have 3 layers
o Inner – Endothelium layer (smooth) – reduces friction, not allow blood
cells to collect (no clots), prevents atherosclerosis
If damaged – high blood pressure
o Mid – Muscular layer (thick)
o Outer – tissue layer
Immune System not always helpful (continued on 4/30)
Sudden death = heart attack occurs so suddenly that there is no medical
treatment to help with it
Monocytes – large white blood cells – search for trouble
o Leave blood stream (macrophages) – bed in arteries if damaged = builds
cholesterol
Platelets – form a wall to isolate damage = clotting
Stable vs. Unstable Plaques
o High CRP = high immune system
Attack plaque in arteries – debris goes downstream – builds more
further downstream = bad news
Unstable plaques = venerable to be torn apart - heart attack much
earlier than stable
, High CRP
Coronary Arteries – twice as big – clotted at 50% = no symptoms
Gingivitis has been known to link with Heart disease – immune sys. works hard
and can lead to clotting arteries
(4/30/14)
CONTINUED
Almost half a million women die of heart disease in the U.S. every year
Taking more women's lives than the next five causes of death combined
10 times more deadly than breast cancer
More women die from a cardiac event than men
o Women – happens later in life / men – earlier (attracts attention)
Jaw, shoulder, back, arms, and stomach pain = symptoms for some women
(easily over looked)
2/3 of women who die suddenly from heart attack have NO symptoms
Cholesterol (normal ingredient in the body) helps create the membranes of cells.
The body makes all the cholesterol it needs on its own. Food with high fat
content adds the rest.
1965 in Framingham study – connection between heart disease and amount of
cholesterol
o Prior, 300 was bad, anything else good – now 300 is devastating
HDL cholesterol = good / LDL cholesterol = bad
LDL – kept in check by receptors in liver (metabolize) – can’t handle large
amount
o Where there's too much LD in the blood, it binds with other to create waxy
plaques that eventually travel through the bloodstream and clog the
arteries in the heart.
China = 150 level – no coronary problems
1987 = 1st drug to help cholesterol – Statin = help liver clear cholesterol out of
body
Dallas, Nov. 1994 – American Heart Assoc. international trial for Statin (avoid
heart attacks)
o Good results – lowering cholesterol w/ meds = lower risk of heart disease
