ACS Chemistry General Exam, (Answered)
Complete Verified Solution 2023/2024
Layout of an element (mass # & atomic #)
atomic number =
# of protons
mass number =
# of protons + neutrons
the number of protons in a neutral atom will equal the
# of electrons
how to find the correct number of neutrons
mass number - atomic number
Forms of the same elements that differ in amount of neutrons
isotopes
What particle, if lost from the nucleus, would NOT cause a change in the atomic
number?
a neutron because it has no charge
When alpha particles were shot at a metal foil target, most passed through
without deflections, while others deflected at large angles. What did this suggest
to Rutherford?
that the atoms of the metal were mostly empty space, while the nucleus consisted of
most of the mass which included highly condensed positive particles (which caused the
deflection).
An atom has a valence shell configuration of 1s1. To which group of elements on
the periodic table does it belong?
IA
alkali metals
electromagnetic spectrum
The greater the wavelength of a photon..?
the lower its frequency
The greater the frequency of a photon...?
the shorter its wavelength
Light energy formula
What does C in the light energy formula represent?
Give the ground-state electron configuration of an atom in the second period
1s2 2s1
Electrons configuration rule that states electrons do not pair until they have to.
(put one electrons in each electron domain then pair up)
Hund's rule
An experimental phenomena associated with atoms having unpaired electrons -
which states such substances are attracted to magnetic fields
Paramagnetism
Which drop in energy level results in the greatest emission of energy?
n=2 to n=1
quantum numbers
, What do the 4 quantum numbers stand for?
n = energy level
l = (n-1)
ml -l to l
mn 1/2 or -1/2 (spin)
List the quantum numbers for the s, p, d, and f orbitals
s 1,0,0
p 2, 1, -1-0-1
d 3, 2, -2--1-0-1-2
f 4, 3 -3--2--1-0-1-2-3
Py orbital
Which element is represented by X
Chromium
What two subatomic particles have the most mass, but occupy very little of the
volume of an atom
protons and neutrons
Define Isoelectronic
Having the same amount of electrons
How does a sodium ion differ from a sodium atom?
the sodium ion has fewer electrons
two or more compounds with the same formula but a different arrangement of
atoms in the molecule and different properties
isomer
two or more different physical forms in which an element can exist. Graphite,
charcoal, and diamond are all ________ of carbon.
allotropes
What makes up an alpha particle?
2 protons and 2 neutrons
What did Millikan discover from his oil drop experiments?
the magnitude of the charge on an electron
Periods vs Groups
when an atom of an electropositive atom becomes an ion it..?
becomes larger
Nearly all the mass in an atom is located _________ because both ______ &
______ are located there, and each of these particles have a mass larger than the
______
inside the nucleus
protons & neutrons
electron
Classify the following as an element, compound, or mixture. If it is a mixture,
decide if it is a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture.
1 Sugar
2 Spaghetti Sauce
3 Phosphorus
Complete Verified Solution 2023/2024
Layout of an element (mass # & atomic #)
atomic number =
# of protons
mass number =
# of protons + neutrons
the number of protons in a neutral atom will equal the
# of electrons
how to find the correct number of neutrons
mass number - atomic number
Forms of the same elements that differ in amount of neutrons
isotopes
What particle, if lost from the nucleus, would NOT cause a change in the atomic
number?
a neutron because it has no charge
When alpha particles were shot at a metal foil target, most passed through
without deflections, while others deflected at large angles. What did this suggest
to Rutherford?
that the atoms of the metal were mostly empty space, while the nucleus consisted of
most of the mass which included highly condensed positive particles (which caused the
deflection).
An atom has a valence shell configuration of 1s1. To which group of elements on
the periodic table does it belong?
IA
alkali metals
electromagnetic spectrum
The greater the wavelength of a photon..?
the lower its frequency
The greater the frequency of a photon...?
the shorter its wavelength
Light energy formula
What does C in the light energy formula represent?
Give the ground-state electron configuration of an atom in the second period
1s2 2s1
Electrons configuration rule that states electrons do not pair until they have to.
(put one electrons in each electron domain then pair up)
Hund's rule
An experimental phenomena associated with atoms having unpaired electrons -
which states such substances are attracted to magnetic fields
Paramagnetism
Which drop in energy level results in the greatest emission of energy?
n=2 to n=1
quantum numbers
, What do the 4 quantum numbers stand for?
n = energy level
l = (n-1)
ml -l to l
mn 1/2 or -1/2 (spin)
List the quantum numbers for the s, p, d, and f orbitals
s 1,0,0
p 2, 1, -1-0-1
d 3, 2, -2--1-0-1-2
f 4, 3 -3--2--1-0-1-2-3
Py orbital
Which element is represented by X
Chromium
What two subatomic particles have the most mass, but occupy very little of the
volume of an atom
protons and neutrons
Define Isoelectronic
Having the same amount of electrons
How does a sodium ion differ from a sodium atom?
the sodium ion has fewer electrons
two or more compounds with the same formula but a different arrangement of
atoms in the molecule and different properties
isomer
two or more different physical forms in which an element can exist. Graphite,
charcoal, and diamond are all ________ of carbon.
allotropes
What makes up an alpha particle?
2 protons and 2 neutrons
What did Millikan discover from his oil drop experiments?
the magnitude of the charge on an electron
Periods vs Groups
when an atom of an electropositive atom becomes an ion it..?
becomes larger
Nearly all the mass in an atom is located _________ because both ______ &
______ are located there, and each of these particles have a mass larger than the
______
inside the nucleus
protons & neutrons
electron
Classify the following as an element, compound, or mixture. If it is a mixture,
decide if it is a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture.
1 Sugar
2 Spaghetti Sauce
3 Phosphorus
