Medical Surgical Nursing

Medical-Surgical Nursing Terms Surgery - branch of medicine concerned w/ disease or condition cutting, suturing, laser etc. Surgeon - physician who do a operative method Sterile - free from germs or microorganisms Asepsis - state of free of pathogenic microorganisms Disinfectant - chemical agent to destroy organisms inanimate Antiseptic - prevent the growth of microorganism Sterilization - distraction of all living organisms Bacteriostatic - capable of inhibiting the growth of bacteria Bacteriocidal - capable of killing bacteria Bacteriocides - substances that kill bacteria disinfectant, antiseptic, antibiotic supra- - above /beyond ortho- - joint chole- - bile/gall cysto- - bladder encephalo- - brain entero- - intestine hystero- - uterus mast- - breast meningo- - meninges, membrane myo- - muscle nephro- - kidney neuro- - nerve oophor- - ovary pneumo- - lungs pyelo- - kidney/pelvis salphingo- - fallopian tube thoraco- - chest viscero- - abdomen/organ -Oma - tumor, swelling -ectomy - removal of organ -raphy - suturing, stitching -scopy - looking into -ostomy - opening, stoma -otomy - cutting into -plasty - repair, restore -cele - tumor, hernia, swelling -itis - inflammation of sis - multiple ses - singular sociological needs of the client before, during, after of surgical intervention - operating room nursing *to provide safe and supportive and comprehensive care *to assist surgeon by functioning effectively *to create and maintain aseptic environment - Goal of ORN pre operative - from decision to transfer to or intraoperative - from transfer to or to PACU post operative - PACU to follow up evaluation emergent urgent required elective optional - Surgery 5 emergent - immediate attention /life threatening /without delay urgent - prompt attention 24-30 hrs required - needs to have surgery within few weeks or months elective - should have surgery optional - decision rests with patient major minor - RISK 2 major risk - high degree of risk Minor risk - little risk with few complications diagnostic exploratory curative ablative palliative reconstructive constructive - PURPOSE 7 obstruction perforation erosion tumor - 4 basic Pathologic condition extreme of age extreme of wt dehydrated nutritional deficit pt with severe trauma injury etc pt with cardiovascular disease endocrine dysfunction hyper/hypotensive pt hypovolemia hepatic disease preexisting mental /physical disability - surgical risk patient surgical risk pt pain hemorrhage uti Infection - problem that may arise cbc electrolyte pt/ptt urinalysis ecg blood typing - diagnostic procedures sedatives - decreased anxiety narcotics - relieve pain anticholinergic - decrease secretion anti ulcer - prevent aspiration pneumonitis antiemetic - increase gastric emptying decrease n/v anaesthesia - state of narcosis, analgesia, relaxation general anesthesia - entire body iv mask local anesthesia - directly into surgical area to block pain circumcision numbing agent regional anesthesia - injection of local anesthetic epidural spinal - 2 types of regional anesthesia epidural anesthesia - epidural space conduction block epidural tube spinal anesthesia - nerve @L3 /L4 knee chest general local regional moderate monitored - types of anesthesia balanced anesthesia - combination of drug peripheral nerve blocks - specific nerve, group of nerves brachial paravertebral transacral I. BEGINNING ANESTHESIA - warm, dizziness II. EXCITEMENT - struggling, shouting pupils dilate III. SURGICAL ANESTHESIA - Continuous administration lies quietly IV. Medullary Depression - too much anesthesia is administered patient surgeon anesthesiologist circulating nurse scrub nurae surgical technologist - members of surgical team the surgical environment - stark appearance, cool temperature Unrestricted - street clothes are allowed semirestricted - consist of scrub clothes or caps restricted - scrub clothes, shoes covers, cao,mask