SOC 106 Sullivan final exam 2023 with complete solution
social change
the transformation over time of the institutions and culture of society
-social change is the RULE not the exception
-change is rarely under complete control
-occurs on micro¯o levels
(check micro and macro definitions)
-EX: someday texting&driving will be like drinking &
driving (drinking&driving used to be acceptable)
sociology
systematic study of human society & social behavior, from large scale institutions &
mass culture
sociological imagination
ability to connect individual lives to historical forces that shape them
social institution
institution in a society that works to shape the behavior of the groups or people within it
double consciousness
sense of always looking at yourself through the eye of others, having to constantly worry
what other ppl think
ex: black ppl mainly feel this way about their race
functionalism
theory that social institutions/processes in society exist to serve some important function
to keep society running
conflict theory
idea that conflict between competing interests is the basic, animating force of social
change and society in general
symbolic interationalism
theory that shared meanings, symbols, and assumptions form motivation behind
peoples actions
traffic metaphor
-public issue, different ppl have dif views
-small car= cant see ahead, helpless, frustrated
-big car= can prob see ahead, know whats going on/ can see where traffic starts or
stops
-walking on overpass= feel happy that u are not stuck in traffic
macro sociology
investigate social dynamics at a higher level, broader groups, not one on one interaction
ex: immigration policy or gender norms
micro sociology
focus= face to face encounters, ex: seeks to understand why ppl stare at the #'s in
elevators to avoid eye contact
mcdonaldization
Rationalization from bureaucracy to fast food. The process by which the principals of
the fast-food restaurant are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American
society as well as the rest of the world
, features of rational society
efficiency, predictability, calculability, nonhuman technology and automation
(programmed registers), control over certainty (scripted speech, effort to control
situation/what is said)
rationalization
means to end qualification
EX: George Ritzer says it modern society a model of rationalization is the fast food
restaurant
Rationality has irrational consequences, based on face, problematic, different than non-
rational
irrationality of rationalization
What are some ways rationalization leads to "irrational" outcomes?
large lecture classes, unhealthy food & bad health (frozen food), alienating work, multi-
tasking, shopping for "deals" (Walmart- we think were saving but were actually losing $
in long run bc of off shoring), war on terror
ideology
a system of concepts and relationships, an understanding of cause and effect
collective action
action that takes place in groups and diverges from the social norms of the situation
counter movement
social movement opposed to another social movement
anomie
sense of aimlessness/ despair that comes when we can no longer reasonably expect
life to be predictable
cultural diffusion
spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another
new rulers of the world
Movie. Related to RN reading by Costello and Breecher. Neo-liberal ideology displayed
in movie.
globalization from below
ppl against corporations
views from "below"
globalization from above
-corporates angle on things
-exploiting workers
-neo-liberalism
World Trade Organization (WTO)
financial global organization
-regulates authority for trade
IMF
international monetary fund, connected to World Bank and WTO.
World Bank
organization that strives to end extreme poverty and promote prosperity
Structural adjustment programs
SAPs, major player in globalization, IMF, World Bank, and WTO lended to developing
nations. idk?
social change
the transformation over time of the institutions and culture of society
-social change is the RULE not the exception
-change is rarely under complete control
-occurs on micro¯o levels
(check micro and macro definitions)
-EX: someday texting&driving will be like drinking &
driving (drinking&driving used to be acceptable)
sociology
systematic study of human society & social behavior, from large scale institutions &
mass culture
sociological imagination
ability to connect individual lives to historical forces that shape them
social institution
institution in a society that works to shape the behavior of the groups or people within it
double consciousness
sense of always looking at yourself through the eye of others, having to constantly worry
what other ppl think
ex: black ppl mainly feel this way about their race
functionalism
theory that social institutions/processes in society exist to serve some important function
to keep society running
conflict theory
idea that conflict between competing interests is the basic, animating force of social
change and society in general
symbolic interationalism
theory that shared meanings, symbols, and assumptions form motivation behind
peoples actions
traffic metaphor
-public issue, different ppl have dif views
-small car= cant see ahead, helpless, frustrated
-big car= can prob see ahead, know whats going on/ can see where traffic starts or
stops
-walking on overpass= feel happy that u are not stuck in traffic
macro sociology
investigate social dynamics at a higher level, broader groups, not one on one interaction
ex: immigration policy or gender norms
micro sociology
focus= face to face encounters, ex: seeks to understand why ppl stare at the #'s in
elevators to avoid eye contact
mcdonaldization
Rationalization from bureaucracy to fast food. The process by which the principals of
the fast-food restaurant are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American
society as well as the rest of the world
, features of rational society
efficiency, predictability, calculability, nonhuman technology and automation
(programmed registers), control over certainty (scripted speech, effort to control
situation/what is said)
rationalization
means to end qualification
EX: George Ritzer says it modern society a model of rationalization is the fast food
restaurant
Rationality has irrational consequences, based on face, problematic, different than non-
rational
irrationality of rationalization
What are some ways rationalization leads to "irrational" outcomes?
large lecture classes, unhealthy food & bad health (frozen food), alienating work, multi-
tasking, shopping for "deals" (Walmart- we think were saving but were actually losing $
in long run bc of off shoring), war on terror
ideology
a system of concepts and relationships, an understanding of cause and effect
collective action
action that takes place in groups and diverges from the social norms of the situation
counter movement
social movement opposed to another social movement
anomie
sense of aimlessness/ despair that comes when we can no longer reasonably expect
life to be predictable
cultural diffusion
spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another
new rulers of the world
Movie. Related to RN reading by Costello and Breecher. Neo-liberal ideology displayed
in movie.
globalization from below
ppl against corporations
views from "below"
globalization from above
-corporates angle on things
-exploiting workers
-neo-liberalism
World Trade Organization (WTO)
financial global organization
-regulates authority for trade
IMF
international monetary fund, connected to World Bank and WTO.
World Bank
organization that strives to end extreme poverty and promote prosperity
Structural adjustment programs
SAPs, major player in globalization, IMF, World Bank, and WTO lended to developing
nations. idk?
