NUR 1172: Nutritional Principles in Nursing Exam 1 Latest Update 2023 Graded A+

NUR 1172: Nutritional Principles in Nursing Exam 1 Latest Update 2023 Graded A+. what makes a nutrient organic? name them If the nutrient contains carbon atoms Ex. Carbs, fats, proteins, and vitamins 3. Differentiate between the three energy nutrients: carbohydrate, protein, and fat. *carbs supply glucose *fats cushion organs and insulate *proteins provide growth and maintance of muscle,tissue, and organs, making hormones, enzymes, and antibodies,and transporting other nutrients 4. macronutrients carbs,fats, and proteins 5. micronutrients vitamins and minerals 6. Describe phytochemicals and their food sources. non-nutrient compounds that contribute to health and may play a role in fighting chronic diseases, they help prevent lycopene and prostate cancer, and they are found in plants 7. Calculate the calorie content of a food based on the grams of carbohydrate, protein, and fat. carbs and protein= 4kcal/g alcohol=7kcal/g fats=9kcal/g 8. Understand the important roles that vitamins, minerals, and water play in your diet. minerals and vitamins are essential for metabolism and assist enzymes in speeding up chemical reactions and make co enzymes water *part of fluid medium in and out of cell *helps chemical reactions *transports nutrients and oxygen *helps maintain body temp 1 / 13 Principles of Nutrition Exam 1 lubricants for joints, eyes, mouth, intestinal tracts *protective cushion for organs 9. Understand the scientific method that is involved in nutrition research. Scientific method: process used by scientists to generate sound research findings Step 1: observe, ask questions, and formulate a hypothesis (idea based on observation) Step 2: conduct an experiment to test the hypothesis Step 3: share findings in a peer-reviewed journal (research publication for scientists) 10. observational research involves looking at two factors in two or more groups 11. experimental research involves at least two groups of subject *experimental group: given a specific treatment * control group: given a placebo "sugar pill" *doubled-blind placebo controlled experiments is " gold standard" (neither scientist or subject know which group gets treatment 12. who to trust Nutrition experts *registered dietitian (RD) *public health nutritionist * Licensed Dietitian (LD) 13. Identify sources of accurate nutrition information. 1.Who runs the site? 2.Who pays for the site? 3.What is the purpose of the site? 4.Where does the information come from? 5.What is the basis of the information? 6.How is the information selected? 7.How current is the information? 8.How does the site choose links to other sites? 9.What information does the site collect 2 / 13 Principles of Nutrition Exam 1 about you and why? 10.How does the site manage interactions with visitors? 14. Describe the three key principles of a healthy diet Balance Variety Moderation 15. Define the terms nutrient density and energy density. nutrient density: refers to the amount of nutrients a food contains in relationship to the number of calories it contains Energy density: foods that are high in energy but low in weight and volume 16. Explain what the DRIs are. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) DRIs tell you how much of each nutrient you need to consume to: Maintain good health Prevent chronic diseases Avoid unhealthy excesses 17. EAR Estimated Average Requirement (EAR): Average amount of a nutrient known to meet the needs of 50 percent of individuals of same age and gender 18. AI Adequate Intake (AI) Used if scientific data to determine EAR and RDA are insufficient Next best estimate of amount of nutrient needed to maintain good health 19. RDA Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA): Average amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of nearly all individuals (97 to 98 percent) Based on EAR but set higher