NCLEX PEDS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS 2022/2023 UPDATE GRADED A+
Which of the following statements is characteristic
of AOM? a. The etiology is unknown.
b. Permanent hearing loss often results.
c. It can be treated by intramuscular (IM) antibiotics.
d. It is treated with a broad range of antibiotics. - d. It is treated with a
broad range of antibiotics
Rationale: Historically AOM has been treated with a range of antibiotics.
However, new research shows that antibiotics do not improve outcomes in
children with uncomplicated AOM.
An 18-month-old child is seen in the clinic with AOM. Trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) is prescribed. Which of the following statements
made by the parent indicates a correct understanding of the instructions?
a. "I should administer all of the prescribed medication."
b. "I should continue medication until the symptoms subside."
c. "I will immediately stop giving medication if I notice a change in hearing."
d. "I will stop giving medication if fever is still present in 24 hours." - a.
"I should administer all of the prescribed medication."
Rationale: Antibiotics should be given for their full course to prevent
recurrence of infection with resistant bacteria
An infant's parents ask the nurse about preventing OM. Which of the
following should be recommended?
a. Avoid tobacco smoke.
b. Use nasal
decongestant. c. Avoid
children with OM.
d. Bottle-feed or breastfeed in supine position. - a. Avoid tobacco
smoke. Rationale: Eliminating tobacco smoke from the child's
environment is essential for preventing OM and other common
childhood illnesses.
The nurse is assessing a child with croup. Examining the child's throat by
using a tongue depressor might precipitate which of the following?
a. Inspiratory stridor
b. Complete
obstruction c. Sore
throat
d. Respiratory tract infection - b. Complete obstruction
Rationale: If a child has acute epiglottitis, examination of the throat may
cause complete obstruction and should be performed only when immediate
intubation can take place
,NCLEX PEDS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS 2022/2023 UPDATE GRADED A+
Which of the following types of croup is always considered a medical
emergency? a. Laryngitis
b. Epiglottitis
c. Spasmodic croup
d. Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) - b. Epiglottitis
Rationale: Epiglottitis is always a medical emergency needing antibiotics
and airway support for treatment.
,NCLEX PEDS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS 2022/2023 UPDATE GRADED A+
The nurse encourages the mother of a toddler with acute LTB to stay at the
bedside as much as possible. The nurse's rationale for this action is
primarily which of the following?
a. Mothers of hospitalized toddlers often experience guilt.
b. The mother's presence will reduce anxiety and ease child's
respiratory efforts. c. Separation from mother is a major
developmental threat at this age.
d. The mother can provide constant observations of the child's respiratory
efforts. - b. The mother's presence will reduce anxiety and ease child's
respiratory efforts.
Rationale: The family's presence will decrease the child's distress.
A school-age child had an upper respiratory tract infection for several days
and then began having a persistent dry, hacking cough that was worse at
night. The cough has become productive in the past 24 hours. This is most
suggestive of which of the following?
a. Bronchitis
b.
Bronchiolitis
c. Viral-induced asthma
d. Acute spasmodic laryngitis - a. Bronchitis
Rationale: Bronchitis is characterized by these symptoms and occurs in
children older than 6 years.
Skin testing for tuberculosis (TB) (the Mantoux test) is
recommended: a. every year for all children older than 2
years.
b. every year for all children older than 10 years.
c. every 2 years for all children starting at age 1 year.
d. periodically for children who reside in high-prevalence regions. - d.
periodically for children who reside in high-prevalence regions
Rationale: Children who reside in high-prevalence regions for TB should be
tested every 2 to 3 years.
Which of the following is the most important consideration in managing TB
in children? a. Skin testing
b. Chemotherapy
c. Adequate nutrition
d. Adequate hydration - b. Chemotherapy
Rationale: Drug therapy for TB includes isoniazid, rifampin, and
pyrazinamide daily for 2 months and two or three times a week for the
remaining 4 months.
The mother of a toddler yells to the nurse, "Help! He is choking to death
on his food." The nurse determines that lifesaving measures are necessary
based on which of the following?
, NCLEX PEDS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS 2022/2023 UPDATE GRADED A+
a.
Gagging
b.
Coughing
c. Pulse over 100 beats/min
d. Inability to speak - d. Inability to speak
ANSWERS 2022/2023 UPDATE GRADED A+
Which of the following statements is characteristic
of AOM? a. The etiology is unknown.
b. Permanent hearing loss often results.
c. It can be treated by intramuscular (IM) antibiotics.
d. It is treated with a broad range of antibiotics. - d. It is treated with a
broad range of antibiotics
Rationale: Historically AOM has been treated with a range of antibiotics.
However, new research shows that antibiotics do not improve outcomes in
children with uncomplicated AOM.
An 18-month-old child is seen in the clinic with AOM. Trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) is prescribed. Which of the following statements
made by the parent indicates a correct understanding of the instructions?
a. "I should administer all of the prescribed medication."
b. "I should continue medication until the symptoms subside."
c. "I will immediately stop giving medication if I notice a change in hearing."
d. "I will stop giving medication if fever is still present in 24 hours." - a.
"I should administer all of the prescribed medication."
Rationale: Antibiotics should be given for their full course to prevent
recurrence of infection with resistant bacteria
An infant's parents ask the nurse about preventing OM. Which of the
following should be recommended?
a. Avoid tobacco smoke.
b. Use nasal
decongestant. c. Avoid
children with OM.
d. Bottle-feed or breastfeed in supine position. - a. Avoid tobacco
smoke. Rationale: Eliminating tobacco smoke from the child's
environment is essential for preventing OM and other common
childhood illnesses.
The nurse is assessing a child with croup. Examining the child's throat by
using a tongue depressor might precipitate which of the following?
a. Inspiratory stridor
b. Complete
obstruction c. Sore
throat
d. Respiratory tract infection - b. Complete obstruction
Rationale: If a child has acute epiglottitis, examination of the throat may
cause complete obstruction and should be performed only when immediate
intubation can take place
,NCLEX PEDS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS 2022/2023 UPDATE GRADED A+
Which of the following types of croup is always considered a medical
emergency? a. Laryngitis
b. Epiglottitis
c. Spasmodic croup
d. Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) - b. Epiglottitis
Rationale: Epiglottitis is always a medical emergency needing antibiotics
and airway support for treatment.
,NCLEX PEDS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS 2022/2023 UPDATE GRADED A+
The nurse encourages the mother of a toddler with acute LTB to stay at the
bedside as much as possible. The nurse's rationale for this action is
primarily which of the following?
a. Mothers of hospitalized toddlers often experience guilt.
b. The mother's presence will reduce anxiety and ease child's
respiratory efforts. c. Separation from mother is a major
developmental threat at this age.
d. The mother can provide constant observations of the child's respiratory
efforts. - b. The mother's presence will reduce anxiety and ease child's
respiratory efforts.
Rationale: The family's presence will decrease the child's distress.
A school-age child had an upper respiratory tract infection for several days
and then began having a persistent dry, hacking cough that was worse at
night. The cough has become productive in the past 24 hours. This is most
suggestive of which of the following?
a. Bronchitis
b.
Bronchiolitis
c. Viral-induced asthma
d. Acute spasmodic laryngitis - a. Bronchitis
Rationale: Bronchitis is characterized by these symptoms and occurs in
children older than 6 years.
Skin testing for tuberculosis (TB) (the Mantoux test) is
recommended: a. every year for all children older than 2
years.
b. every year for all children older than 10 years.
c. every 2 years for all children starting at age 1 year.
d. periodically for children who reside in high-prevalence regions. - d.
periodically for children who reside in high-prevalence regions
Rationale: Children who reside in high-prevalence regions for TB should be
tested every 2 to 3 years.
Which of the following is the most important consideration in managing TB
in children? a. Skin testing
b. Chemotherapy
c. Adequate nutrition
d. Adequate hydration - b. Chemotherapy
Rationale: Drug therapy for TB includes isoniazid, rifampin, and
pyrazinamide daily for 2 months and two or three times a week for the
remaining 4 months.
The mother of a toddler yells to the nurse, "Help! He is choking to death
on his food." The nurse determines that lifesaving measures are necessary
based on which of the following?
, NCLEX PEDS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS 2022/2023 UPDATE GRADED A+
a.
Gagging
b.
Coughing
c. Pulse over 100 beats/min
d. Inability to speak - d. Inability to speak
