BTEC Applied Science: Biology (Correct answers)

BTEC Applied Science: Biology (Correct answers)
Describe the function of the nucleolus correct answers Produces ribosomes and RNA

Describe the function of the cell wall correct answers Provides rigidity and protection to
the cell

Describe the function of the chloroplasts correct answers Site of photosynthesis as they
contain chlorophyll

Describe the function of the plasmodesmata correct answers A channel through the cell
wall the allows transport of materials from one cell to another

Describe the function of the amyoplasts correct answers Stores starch and converts
starch back into glucose when the plant needs energy

Describe the function of the vacuole correct answers Stores water and chemicals for
cell use. Also maintains turgor of cell

Describe the function of the tonoplasts correct answers Membrane the surrounds the
vacuole. Protects the vacuole, isolates it from harmful substances and controls water
flow in and out of the vacuole

Why are gram positive bacteria more susceptible to antibiotics? correct answers
Permeable cell wall whereas gram negative bacteria has a semi-permeable cell wall

Describe the adaptations found in a palisade cell correct answers Closely packed
together
Chloroplasts
Large vacuole

Explain why the palisade cell has a large amount of chloroplasts correct answers To
absorb lots of light for photosynthesis

Explain why palisade cells are closely packed together correct answers To form a
continuous layer in the leaf

Explain why palisade cells have a large vacuole correct answers To maintain turgor
(pushes against the cell wall to maintain rigid shape)

Describe the adaptations of a root hair cell correct answers Root hair shape
Large vacuole
Thin cellulose walls

Explain why root hair cells have an elongated section known as the root hair correct
answers Increased surface area for maximum movement of water into the cell

, Explain why root hair cells have a large vacuole correct answers Contains cell sap with
low water potential to encourage water into the cell

Explain why root hair cells have thin cellulose walls correct answers Encourage
movement of water and minerals into the cell. Short distance for osmosis and diffusion

Describe the adaptations of a sperm cell correct answers Lots of mitochondria
Shaped head containing acrosome (with enzymes)
Haploid nucleus
Tail for movement

Explain why a sperm cell has an undulipodium (tail) correct answers To allow the sperm
to move to the egg

Explain why sperm cells contain large numbers of mitochondria correct answers To
produce the large amounts of energy needed for movement

Explain why sperm cells have a shaped head correct answers To push through the
protective layer of the egg cell

Explain why sperm cells contain acrosome in the head correct answers To digest the
zona pellucida to allow entry into the egg cell

Explain why sperm cells have a haploid nucleus correct answers Contains half the
genetic material.

Describe the adaptations of egg cells correct answers Contains a haploid nucleus
Protective outer layer (zona pellucida)
Corona radiata

Explain why egg cells have a haploid nucleus correct answers Contains half the genetic
material

Explain why egg cells have a zona pellucida (protective layer) correct answers Protects
the cell and only allows one sperm cell to enter.

Explain why egg cells have a corona radiata (two or three layers attached to the zona
pellucida) correct answers Contains all of the proteins needed to develop the fertilised
cell

Describe the adaptations of red blood cells correct answers No nucleus (mammals only)
Biconcave shape
Haemoglobin
Flexible