BIOD 171 Essential Microbiology Portage Learning Module 2 Exam
Questions and Answers Updated 2023 ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
1.True or false: metabolism is a controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur in
living organisms in order to maintain life .
True
2.True or false: enzymes slow down chemical reactions to conserve energy
false, they speed up (catalyze) chemical reactions
3.The term for metal ions that assist enzymes during the catalysis reaction
cofactors
4.What is catabolism?
The process of breaking down larger molecules into useful energy sources
5.Upon cellular injury, which metabolic process is involved during the growth and repair
phases of the cell.
anabolism
6.An organism that obtains its energy (derives ATP) from photons of light is called a
__________________
phototrophic microorganism
7.An organism that derives its energy by removing electrons from elemental sulfur
would be classified as a __________ __
Lithotroph
8.Describe the energy transfer process relative to both ADP and ATP
ATP has the energy (phosphate group) to donate, and ADP can accept energy in the form of a phosphate group. Thus, ATP can be dephosphorylated
(ATP-----> ADP + Pi), while ADP can be dephosphorylated into ATP (ADP + Pi -----> ATP)
This phosphorylation process occurs in the mitochondria of chemotropic eukaryotes
oxidative phosphorylation
9.The catabolism of a single molecule of glucose goes through what three transitions
The breakdown of glucose goes through 1. glycolysis 2. fermentation or respiration and then 3. electron transport chain ETC
10.True or false: in the absence of absence of oxygen fermentation produces 2 ATP
false
11.what is the primary byproduct of the TCA cycle select
NADH and FADH2
12.True or false: in the absence of oxygen fermentation produces 2 ATP
False, it does not produce any additional ATP
13.True or false: the reactants of the TCA cycle directly enter and fuel the electron
transport system
False
14.What are the main two roles of glucose 6 - phosphate in the cell?
G6P 1. prevents glucose from diffusing out of the cell and 2. serves as a signal molecule to the cell that glycolysis is about to begin.
15.What is the most energetic transition in the catabolism of glucose?
The ETC yields 34 ATP while both glycolysis and fermentation (or respiration) yield only 2 ATP
The reactants of the chemical equation are to the _____ of the arrow
left
16.In the absence of glucose, what cannot be used as alternative energy source?
nucleic acids
17.For the catabolism of proteins and lipids, which enzymes are used?
lipases and proteases
18.what is true pertaining to the light reactions of photosynthesis?
Results in the formation of ATP and NADPH, it is known as photophosphorylation, process results in a proton concentration gradient, converts light
energy into chem energy, first step of photosynthesis, occur in the membrane
19.True or false: The B- oxidation pathway is responsible for the anabolism of fatty acid
chains
false, the B oxidation pathway is responsible for the catabolism of fatty acid chains
20.True or false: Plants, algae, and bacteria all have chloroplasts
false
21.How many turns or repetitions of the Calvin cycle are required to generate one
molecule of glucose?
six
Questions and Answers Updated 2023 ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
1.True or false: metabolism is a controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur in
living organisms in order to maintain life .
True
2.True or false: enzymes slow down chemical reactions to conserve energy
false, they speed up (catalyze) chemical reactions
3.The term for metal ions that assist enzymes during the catalysis reaction
cofactors
4.What is catabolism?
The process of breaking down larger molecules into useful energy sources
5.Upon cellular injury, which metabolic process is involved during the growth and repair
phases of the cell.
anabolism
6.An organism that obtains its energy (derives ATP) from photons of light is called a
__________________
phototrophic microorganism
7.An organism that derives its energy by removing electrons from elemental sulfur
would be classified as a __________ __
Lithotroph
8.Describe the energy transfer process relative to both ADP and ATP
ATP has the energy (phosphate group) to donate, and ADP can accept energy in the form of a phosphate group. Thus, ATP can be dephosphorylated
(ATP-----> ADP + Pi), while ADP can be dephosphorylated into ATP (ADP + Pi -----> ATP)
This phosphorylation process occurs in the mitochondria of chemotropic eukaryotes
oxidative phosphorylation
9.The catabolism of a single molecule of glucose goes through what three transitions
The breakdown of glucose goes through 1. glycolysis 2. fermentation or respiration and then 3. electron transport chain ETC
10.True or false: in the absence of absence of oxygen fermentation produces 2 ATP
false
11.what is the primary byproduct of the TCA cycle select
NADH and FADH2
12.True or false: in the absence of oxygen fermentation produces 2 ATP
False, it does not produce any additional ATP
13.True or false: the reactants of the TCA cycle directly enter and fuel the electron
transport system
False
14.What are the main two roles of glucose 6 - phosphate in the cell?
G6P 1. prevents glucose from diffusing out of the cell and 2. serves as a signal molecule to the cell that glycolysis is about to begin.
15.What is the most energetic transition in the catabolism of glucose?
The ETC yields 34 ATP while both glycolysis and fermentation (or respiration) yield only 2 ATP
The reactants of the chemical equation are to the _____ of the arrow
left
16.In the absence of glucose, what cannot be used as alternative energy source?
nucleic acids
17.For the catabolism of proteins and lipids, which enzymes are used?
lipases and proteases
18.what is true pertaining to the light reactions of photosynthesis?
Results in the formation of ATP and NADPH, it is known as photophosphorylation, process results in a proton concentration gradient, converts light
energy into chem energy, first step of photosynthesis, occur in the membrane
19.True or false: The B- oxidation pathway is responsible for the anabolism of fatty acid
chains
false, the B oxidation pathway is responsible for the catabolism of fatty acid chains
20.True or false: Plants, algae, and bacteria all have chloroplasts
false
21.How many turns or repetitions of the Calvin cycle are required to generate one
molecule of glucose?
six
