LEED GA (v4): Flash Cards (Test Bank) Over
1300 Questions And Correct Answers 2023,
Verified Solution
What are the prerequisite and credit categories? (7)
Sustainable Sites
Water Efficiency
Energy & Atmosphere
Materials & Resources
Indoor Environmental Quality
Innovation in Design
Regional Priority
How are points distributed?
100 total, 6 in ID, 4 in RP
What are the point tiers?
40-49 Certified
50-59 Silver
60-79 Gold
80+ Platinum
What types rating systems are there? (9)
Existing Building: Operations & Maintenance
New Construction
Core + Shell
Schools
Neighborhood Development
Retail
Healthcare
Homes
Commercial Interiors.
When to use LEED for New Construction (5)
New commercial occupancies such as:
offices,
institutional buildings,
hotels,
residential buildings over 4 storeys.
Major renovation of existing building.
Define Major Renovation
Rehabilitation of existing buildings involving:
major HVAC, envelope and interior work.
When to use LEED for Core & Shell?
Developer has control over entire core & shell base building but not tenant fit-out. If
owner occupies 50%, can use LEED for New Construction.
When to use LEED for Schools?
,New and major renovation of existing school buildings K-12. Post secondary can apply
or NC or O&M.
What is LEED precertification
For developer who establishes Core & Shell certification as a goal. May or may not
pursue it. Marketing tool.
What are goals of SS? (7)
1) Protect undeveloped land
2) Restore/Reuse previously developed sites
3) Reduce automobile use or promote alt transport
4) Develop stormwater management
5) Reduce heat island effect
6) Stewardship of nature and surroundings
7) Reduce light pollution or trespass from building and site.
What measures can be taken regarding SS? (7)
Selecting and developing site wisely.
Reducing emissions associated with transportation.
Planting sustainable landscapes.
Protecting surrounding habitats.
Managing stormwater runoff.
Reduce heat island effect.
Eliminate light pollution.
What sites should NOT be used? (6)
1) Prime farm land
2) wetlands
3) public parkland
4) areas below flood plain
5) habitat for endangered species
6) land close to bodies of water
What is a brownfield?
A site that is contaminated, or real or perceived
Why use a previously developed site? (2)
Saves undeveloped site. Can utilize existing infrastructure.
Why develop in dense/diverse areas?
Reduce urban sprawl > Reduce automobile use. Also, lower stormwater runoff than
lower-density development
What is development density?
Average square footage of all buildings within a density radius.
How do you calculate development radius?
...
What is community connectivity?
Proximity to basic services, accessible to pedestrians within 1/2 mile radius
List 18 basic services
bank, church, supermarket/convenience store, day care, dry cleaner/laundry mat, fire
station, salon, hareware store, library, medical/dental office, park, pharmacy, post office,
restaurant, school, theatre/museum, community center, gym
What is open space and why maximize it?
,Open space is an area that is vegetated and pervious.
OS = property area - project footprint.
Maximizing open space reduces heat islands, stormwater runoff and protects
ecosystems.
What are potential environmental impacts of site development? (7)
Topsoil erosion,
sedimentation,
water quality,
increased stormwater runoff,
destruction of ecosystems,
disturbance of wildlife,
loss of fauna that absorb CO2.
What measures to prevent soil erosion and sedimentation?
Plan prior to construction, mulching, sediment/silt fence, limit site disturbance,
stabilizing exposed areas, controlling water flow on site, blankets, berms and ponds,
seeding, straw bale.
What can be done to protect existing sites?
Reduce size of development footprint, build on edge rather than middle of undisturbed
areas, keep roads and service lines short
Why plant indigenous plants?
They restore damaged areas to natural landscape. They are adapted to the climate and
rainfall, require less irrigation. They are not invasive.
How do you encourage less automobile use? (9)
Compressed work week, telecommuting, reward carpooling, parking fee, locate near
mass transit, provide access, bike rack/shower, alt fuel cars, carshare
Why reduce stormwater runoff?
Stormwater is mixed with sewage and must be treated. Excess capacity overflows into
streets, streams and rivers. Cutting back on stormwater entering a combined system
reduces water needed to be treated and energy used.
How do you reduce stormwater runoff? (4)
Reduce impervious surfaces, reuse stormwater, bioswales/vegetated filters, retention
ponds
Why reduce heat islands?
Heat islands are urban areas 10 degrees higher than surrounding rural area. Heat
islands characterised by dark surfaces, narrow streets and tall buildings reducing air
flow, vehicle exhaust. UHIs are uncomfortable and contribute to smog. Higher energy
cost of cooling and increased pollution from power plants.
What are strategies to reduce heat islands? (7)
1) Minimize development footprint 2) undercover/underground parking 3) hardscape
materials with high reflectance 4) cover roofs with high SRI materal 5) green roof 6)
shade from trees, solar panels or architectural devices with high SRI 7) open grid
paving
What is solar reflectance?
Solar Reflectance Index (SRI): a measure of how well a material rejects solar heat. SRI
is a value that incorporates both solar reflectance (albedo) and emittance in a single
value to represent a material's temperature in the sun. SRI quantifies how hot a surface
, would get relative to standard black and standard white surfaces. It is expressed as a
fraction (0.0 to 1.0) or percentage (0% to 100%). Materials with the highest SRI values
are the coolest choices for paving.
What is SRI (Solar Reflectance Index)?
Combined metric of solar reflectance (albedo) and thermal emittance. measures surface
material's ability to reject solar heat. 0=black paint/no reflection, 1=white paint/high
reflectance.
What is the relationship between SRI and energy consumption?
In summer, higher reflectance contributes to a cool roof, saving cooling loads. In colder
climates, low emissivity helps retain heat and reduce heating load.
What is Floor Area Ratio (FAR)?
Total building square footage / site area
What are the benefits of green roofs? (6)
Life cycle of green roof can be 3 times of conventional roof. Provide views, reduce
stormwater run off, reduce heat island, insulate and acoustic dampening, increase open
space.
What are ways to provide cooling through shading?
Trees (direct shade, evapotranspiration), solar panels
What are effects of light pollution?
interference with astronomical observatories, distrupts ecosystems, sleep disorder.
How do you mitigate light pollution?
Computer model to estimate where light will go. Use automatic shut offs, full cut off
fixtures, low intensity lights,
What is an aquifer?
...
What are the credits of WE targeting? (3)
1) reduce quantity of water used for buildings and lanscaping 2) reduce municipal water
use 3) reduce the need for treatment of waste water
What are aims of improving landscape design regarding irrigation? (6)
1) lower water bills 2) reduce potable water usage 3) reduce energy used to pump and
treat water 4) reduce mowing and maintenance 5) less air pollution due to gas-powered
decides 6) more water available for other uses
What is xeriscaping? (7)
1) proper planning and design 2) soil analysis and improvement 3) appropriate plant
selection 4) practical turn areas 5) efficient irrigation 6) use of mulches 7) appropriate
maintenance
What causes heat island effect?
Dark surfaces absorbing sunlight, vehicle exhaust, street equipment, air conditioners,
narrow streets and tall buildings restricting wind
What is emissivity?
The emissivity of a material is the ratio of energy radiated by a particular material to
energy radiated by a black body at the same temperature. It is a measure of a material's
ability to radiate absorbed energy.
What defines the open space of a site area if there is no local zoning?
1300 Questions And Correct Answers 2023,
Verified Solution
What are the prerequisite and credit categories? (7)
Sustainable Sites
Water Efficiency
Energy & Atmosphere
Materials & Resources
Indoor Environmental Quality
Innovation in Design
Regional Priority
How are points distributed?
100 total, 6 in ID, 4 in RP
What are the point tiers?
40-49 Certified
50-59 Silver
60-79 Gold
80+ Platinum
What types rating systems are there? (9)
Existing Building: Operations & Maintenance
New Construction
Core + Shell
Schools
Neighborhood Development
Retail
Healthcare
Homes
Commercial Interiors.
When to use LEED for New Construction (5)
New commercial occupancies such as:
offices,
institutional buildings,
hotels,
residential buildings over 4 storeys.
Major renovation of existing building.
Define Major Renovation
Rehabilitation of existing buildings involving:
major HVAC, envelope and interior work.
When to use LEED for Core & Shell?
Developer has control over entire core & shell base building but not tenant fit-out. If
owner occupies 50%, can use LEED for New Construction.
When to use LEED for Schools?
,New and major renovation of existing school buildings K-12. Post secondary can apply
or NC or O&M.
What is LEED precertification
For developer who establishes Core & Shell certification as a goal. May or may not
pursue it. Marketing tool.
What are goals of SS? (7)
1) Protect undeveloped land
2) Restore/Reuse previously developed sites
3) Reduce automobile use or promote alt transport
4) Develop stormwater management
5) Reduce heat island effect
6) Stewardship of nature and surroundings
7) Reduce light pollution or trespass from building and site.
What measures can be taken regarding SS? (7)
Selecting and developing site wisely.
Reducing emissions associated with transportation.
Planting sustainable landscapes.
Protecting surrounding habitats.
Managing stormwater runoff.
Reduce heat island effect.
Eliminate light pollution.
What sites should NOT be used? (6)
1) Prime farm land
2) wetlands
3) public parkland
4) areas below flood plain
5) habitat for endangered species
6) land close to bodies of water
What is a brownfield?
A site that is contaminated, or real or perceived
Why use a previously developed site? (2)
Saves undeveloped site. Can utilize existing infrastructure.
Why develop in dense/diverse areas?
Reduce urban sprawl > Reduce automobile use. Also, lower stormwater runoff than
lower-density development
What is development density?
Average square footage of all buildings within a density radius.
How do you calculate development radius?
...
What is community connectivity?
Proximity to basic services, accessible to pedestrians within 1/2 mile radius
List 18 basic services
bank, church, supermarket/convenience store, day care, dry cleaner/laundry mat, fire
station, salon, hareware store, library, medical/dental office, park, pharmacy, post office,
restaurant, school, theatre/museum, community center, gym
What is open space and why maximize it?
,Open space is an area that is vegetated and pervious.
OS = property area - project footprint.
Maximizing open space reduces heat islands, stormwater runoff and protects
ecosystems.
What are potential environmental impacts of site development? (7)
Topsoil erosion,
sedimentation,
water quality,
increased stormwater runoff,
destruction of ecosystems,
disturbance of wildlife,
loss of fauna that absorb CO2.
What measures to prevent soil erosion and sedimentation?
Plan prior to construction, mulching, sediment/silt fence, limit site disturbance,
stabilizing exposed areas, controlling water flow on site, blankets, berms and ponds,
seeding, straw bale.
What can be done to protect existing sites?
Reduce size of development footprint, build on edge rather than middle of undisturbed
areas, keep roads and service lines short
Why plant indigenous plants?
They restore damaged areas to natural landscape. They are adapted to the climate and
rainfall, require less irrigation. They are not invasive.
How do you encourage less automobile use? (9)
Compressed work week, telecommuting, reward carpooling, parking fee, locate near
mass transit, provide access, bike rack/shower, alt fuel cars, carshare
Why reduce stormwater runoff?
Stormwater is mixed with sewage and must be treated. Excess capacity overflows into
streets, streams and rivers. Cutting back on stormwater entering a combined system
reduces water needed to be treated and energy used.
How do you reduce stormwater runoff? (4)
Reduce impervious surfaces, reuse stormwater, bioswales/vegetated filters, retention
ponds
Why reduce heat islands?
Heat islands are urban areas 10 degrees higher than surrounding rural area. Heat
islands characterised by dark surfaces, narrow streets and tall buildings reducing air
flow, vehicle exhaust. UHIs are uncomfortable and contribute to smog. Higher energy
cost of cooling and increased pollution from power plants.
What are strategies to reduce heat islands? (7)
1) Minimize development footprint 2) undercover/underground parking 3) hardscape
materials with high reflectance 4) cover roofs with high SRI materal 5) green roof 6)
shade from trees, solar panels or architectural devices with high SRI 7) open grid
paving
What is solar reflectance?
Solar Reflectance Index (SRI): a measure of how well a material rejects solar heat. SRI
is a value that incorporates both solar reflectance (albedo) and emittance in a single
value to represent a material's temperature in the sun. SRI quantifies how hot a surface
, would get relative to standard black and standard white surfaces. It is expressed as a
fraction (0.0 to 1.0) or percentage (0% to 100%). Materials with the highest SRI values
are the coolest choices for paving.
What is SRI (Solar Reflectance Index)?
Combined metric of solar reflectance (albedo) and thermal emittance. measures surface
material's ability to reject solar heat. 0=black paint/no reflection, 1=white paint/high
reflectance.
What is the relationship between SRI and energy consumption?
In summer, higher reflectance contributes to a cool roof, saving cooling loads. In colder
climates, low emissivity helps retain heat and reduce heating load.
What is Floor Area Ratio (FAR)?
Total building square footage / site area
What are the benefits of green roofs? (6)
Life cycle of green roof can be 3 times of conventional roof. Provide views, reduce
stormwater run off, reduce heat island, insulate and acoustic dampening, increase open
space.
What are ways to provide cooling through shading?
Trees (direct shade, evapotranspiration), solar panels
What are effects of light pollution?
interference with astronomical observatories, distrupts ecosystems, sleep disorder.
How do you mitigate light pollution?
Computer model to estimate where light will go. Use automatic shut offs, full cut off
fixtures, low intensity lights,
What is an aquifer?
...
What are the credits of WE targeting? (3)
1) reduce quantity of water used for buildings and lanscaping 2) reduce municipal water
use 3) reduce the need for treatment of waste water
What are aims of improving landscape design regarding irrigation? (6)
1) lower water bills 2) reduce potable water usage 3) reduce energy used to pump and
treat water 4) reduce mowing and maintenance 5) less air pollution due to gas-powered
decides 6) more water available for other uses
What is xeriscaping? (7)
1) proper planning and design 2) soil analysis and improvement 3) appropriate plant
selection 4) practical turn areas 5) efficient irrigation 6) use of mulches 7) appropriate
maintenance
What causes heat island effect?
Dark surfaces absorbing sunlight, vehicle exhaust, street equipment, air conditioners,
narrow streets and tall buildings restricting wind
What is emissivity?
The emissivity of a material is the ratio of energy radiated by a particular material to
energy radiated by a black body at the same temperature. It is a measure of a material's
ability to radiate absorbed energy.
What defines the open space of a site area if there is no local zoning?
