Energy and Environment
, (a) Using illustrative sketches, analyze the energy conversion processes that typically
occur in EV technology. (5 marks)
Electric Vehicles
The energy is transformed from one form to another form in EV technology. By observing the
mechanism of EV, the electric current is supplied from the charger to charge the battery in the
form of direct current, then the current is undergoing the convertor and investor to transform high
current DC and to transform AC. The current is then transferred to the electric engine to power the
wheel to move the car.
Charger → Battery→ Converter → Investor → Electric engine → Wheel
In energy conversion, the charger is representing the transmission of electrical energy to the Li-on
The battery in the form of chemical energy. When the battery is charged, the chemical energy will
transform again to electrical energy through the converter and investor to an electric engine. The
electrical energy in the electric engine will power the wheel and transfer the energy to kinetic
energy. When the motor is running and the car is moving, some of the energy will be lost in the
form of heat and sound energy. Although EVs have high efficiency in transforming energy,
some of the loss in energy is unavoidable.
Regenerative Braking System
In the regenerative braking system, when the car is decelerating, the kinetic energy (mechanical
energy) is transformed into electrical energy and then store in the battery in the form of chemical
energy.
Regenerative braking → Electric generator → Battery
Source of Electric Station
The electrical energy that is supplied to the charging station is generated from the power plant. The
The energy sources can be renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy etc, and non-renewable
energy such as coal.
Energy Conversion Process (from renewable energy)
, (a) Using illustrative sketches, analyze the energy conversion processes that typically
occur in EV technology. (5 marks)
Electric Vehicles
The energy is transformed from one form to another form in EV technology. By observing the
mechanism of EV, the electric current is supplied from the charger to charge the battery in the
form of direct current, then the current is undergoing the convertor and investor to transform high
current DC and to transform AC. The current is then transferred to the electric engine to power the
wheel to move the car.
Charger → Battery→ Converter → Investor → Electric engine → Wheel
In energy conversion, the charger is representing the transmission of electrical energy to the Li-on
The battery in the form of chemical energy. When the battery is charged, the chemical energy will
transform again to electrical energy through the converter and investor to an electric engine. The
electrical energy in the electric engine will power the wheel and transfer the energy to kinetic
energy. When the motor is running and the car is moving, some of the energy will be lost in the
form of heat and sound energy. Although EVs have high efficiency in transforming energy,
some of the loss in energy is unavoidable.
Regenerative Braking System
In the regenerative braking system, when the car is decelerating, the kinetic energy (mechanical
energy) is transformed into electrical energy and then store in the battery in the form of chemical
energy.
Regenerative braking → Electric generator → Battery
Source of Electric Station
The electrical energy that is supplied to the charging station is generated from the power plant. The
The energy sources can be renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy etc, and non-renewable
energy such as coal.
Energy Conversion Process (from renewable energy)
