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Classical Mechanics Mock Papers

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Compilation of semester exam level questions in Classical Mechanics on following topics. VARIATIONAL CALCULUS - Euler equation, Lagrange multipliers, Holonomic and Non-holonomic constraints. LAGRANGIAN MECHANICS - degrees of freedom, virtual work, generalised coordinates, velocities and forces, conservative Lagrangian and Hamiltonian. SMALL VIBRATIONS - double pendulum, kinetic and potential energy matrices, Normal modes and frequencies, superimposition of different modes, linear triatomic molecule, point masses connected by string. CENTRAL FORCES - Quadratures, centre of mass frame, effective potential, gravitational attraction and Kepler problem, circular and elliptical closed orbits, parabolic and hyperbolic open trajectories, repulsive forces and orbits/trajectories. HAMILTONIAN DYNAMICS - rotational invariance and angular momentum conservation, Noether’s Theorem, Legendre transformation, Hamilton’s equations of motion, Liouville’s theorem, Momentum space. THEORETICAL MECHANICS - Canonical transformations, three forms of generating function, Poisson brackets. ROTATING SYSTEMS - infinitesimal and finite 3D rotations, rotated and rotating reference frames, angular velocity, fictitious forces. RIGID BODY DYNAMICS - moment of inertia tensor, kinetic energy and angular momentum, Euler equation for force-free motion, motion of torque-free symmetric top, Euler angles, motion of heavy symmetric top.

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. Apendnlun with a masslcss string of length ) and mass mis hanging fron aniong
platfor1which has a constant accclcration cí. starting from an initial clocitr (Gt
itational acccloration () acts along -j. The string makcs an anglc ) with thc rertical.

a) Obtain the kinctic cncrgy of this srsten in the ground framc at rest (not the moNing
frame of the platforn) in tems of the gcncralizcd rariablc 0.

b) Use virt ual work to obtain gcncrali cd force F and obtain the cquation of
ms of 0and its timc dorivatives usi.g and Fn.
(3 + 2 =5 marks)
2. Show that Lagrangcs cquation ( ) - =F. where 7 is the kinctic cncrgy and F is
the gencraliscd force. is cquivalcnt to the cquation - 2=F (2.5 mnarks).
3. Ile have lcarnt the invariancc propcrty that the Largrangian cquatiol C Nl.
Luxder the transformation :: L. ’ '= l.+t0) Hore /. = Li9, q, !) where 4s te
gencralizcd variablc and / docs not depcnd on

The Ligrangian of acharge y in magnrtir ficld /: is given hr 7= 7 4
where. is themagnctic vector potcnt ial and o is the scalar potcntial. Explot tie abore
invariance propcrtr. to show that a gange transformation giren br


kecps the Lagrangian cquation invariant.
(Although you will not nced this here, for complcteness sakr. 1: = -D4
(2.5 marks)

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