BIOL1082 EXAM ANSWERS 2023
A finch species living in the Galapagos Islands feeds on small insects found in
flower buds. Its bill is most likely...
a. small and narrow
b. broad and powerful
c. broad and sharp
d. small and wide
a
Which of the following statements about the relationship between genotype and
phenotype is true?
a. A given genotype always produces a specific phenotype
b. Genotype alone determine all phenotypes
c. A particular phenotype can be produced by more than one genotype
d. Dominance makes the study of genetic basis of natural selection easy
c
Which of the following phenomena is not an evolutionary mechanism?
a. mutation
b. gene flow
c. genetic drift
d. random mating
d
Darwin proposed that natural selection occurs in an environment by...
a. favoring heritable features that make the organism better suited to survive and
reproduce
b. producing a constant number of offspring while in that environment
c. surviving for a fixed amount of time
d. resisting the environment and keeping the environment from changing
a
The observation that different geographical areas sometimes exhibit plant and
animal communities of similar appearance, even though the individual plants and
animals are not closely related, is called...
a. the fossil record
b. homology
c. convergent evolution
d. adaptation
c
Which of the following is a true statement concerning genetic variation?
a. It must be present in a population before evolution can occur in the population
b. It is created by the direct action of natural selection
c. It tends to be reduced by the processes involved when diploid organisms
produce gametes
d. It arises in response to changes in the environment
a
In a population of 200 individuals, 72 are homozygous recessive for the character
of eye color (cc). One hundred individuals from this population die from a fatal
,disease. Thirty-six of the survivors are homozygous recessive. How many
heterozygous individuals are expected in the new population?
a. 16
b. 36
c. 40
d. 48
d
Blue flower color (B allele) is dominant to
white (b allele). If a population of plants in
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium contains white
flowers (bb) at allele frequency of 0.04, what is
the frequency of the heterozygous genotype?
A. 0.96 or 96% B. 0.2 or 20% C. 0.32 or 32%
D. 0.64 or 64% E. 0.8 or 80%
c
The phenomenon in which rare alleles become more common in new populations
is called...
a. founder effect
b. gene flow
c. genetic drift
d. mutation
a
Reproductive success of an individual is known as...
a. variation
b. microevolution
c. macroevolution
d. fitness
d
If the original finches that had been blown over to the Galápagos from South
America had already been genetically different from the parental population of
South American finches, even before adapting to the Galápagos, this would have
been an example of...
a. genetic drift
b. bottleneck effect
c. founder effect
d. both a and c
e. all of the above
d
The sizes of horns in males of a particular beetle have an interesting distribution:
the highest frequencies are around 15 millimeters and 30 millimeters, with few
individuals in between. Based on this observation, which of the following modes
of selection is most likely to be operating on these horns?
a. stabilizing selection
b. directional selection
c. concentrated selection
d. disruptive selection
, d
Which of the various species concepts distinguishes two species based on the
degree of genetic exchange between their gene pools?
a. morphological
b. ecological
c. phylogenetic
d. biological
d
You are confronted with a box of preserved grasshoppers of various species that
are new to science and have not been described. Your assignment is to separate
them into species. There is no accompanying information as to where or when
they were collected. Which species concept will you have to use?
a. morphological
b. phylogenetic
c. ecological
d. biological
a
Natural selection works _______ on the genotype and _______ on the phenotype.
a. indirectly; directly
b. directly; indirectly
c. directly; not at all
d. directly; directly
a
All the following are examples of prezygotic isolating mechanisms except?
a. ecological isolation
b. temporal isolation
c. mechanical incompatibility
d. hybrid sterility
d
Two species of frogs belonging to the same genus occasionally mate, but the
offspring fail to develop and hatch. What is the mechanism for keeping the two
frog species separate?
a. the prezygotic barrier called hybrid sterility
b. gametic isolation
c. the postzygotic barrier called hybrid breakdown
d. the postzygotic barrier called hybrid inviability
d
What was Darwin's explanation for the evolution of bright colors and other
apparently useless (and potentially deleterious) but conspicuous characters in
males of many species?
a. stabilizing selection
b. genetic drift
c. sexual selection
d. gene flow
c
A finch species living in the Galapagos Islands feeds on small insects found in
flower buds. Its bill is most likely...
a. small and narrow
b. broad and powerful
c. broad and sharp
d. small and wide
a
Which of the following statements about the relationship between genotype and
phenotype is true?
a. A given genotype always produces a specific phenotype
b. Genotype alone determine all phenotypes
c. A particular phenotype can be produced by more than one genotype
d. Dominance makes the study of genetic basis of natural selection easy
c
Which of the following phenomena is not an evolutionary mechanism?
a. mutation
b. gene flow
c. genetic drift
d. random mating
d
Darwin proposed that natural selection occurs in an environment by...
a. favoring heritable features that make the organism better suited to survive and
reproduce
b. producing a constant number of offspring while in that environment
c. surviving for a fixed amount of time
d. resisting the environment and keeping the environment from changing
a
The observation that different geographical areas sometimes exhibit plant and
animal communities of similar appearance, even though the individual plants and
animals are not closely related, is called...
a. the fossil record
b. homology
c. convergent evolution
d. adaptation
c
Which of the following is a true statement concerning genetic variation?
a. It must be present in a population before evolution can occur in the population
b. It is created by the direct action of natural selection
c. It tends to be reduced by the processes involved when diploid organisms
produce gametes
d. It arises in response to changes in the environment
a
In a population of 200 individuals, 72 are homozygous recessive for the character
of eye color (cc). One hundred individuals from this population die from a fatal
,disease. Thirty-six of the survivors are homozygous recessive. How many
heterozygous individuals are expected in the new population?
a. 16
b. 36
c. 40
d. 48
d
Blue flower color (B allele) is dominant to
white (b allele). If a population of plants in
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium contains white
flowers (bb) at allele frequency of 0.04, what is
the frequency of the heterozygous genotype?
A. 0.96 or 96% B. 0.2 or 20% C. 0.32 or 32%
D. 0.64 or 64% E. 0.8 or 80%
c
The phenomenon in which rare alleles become more common in new populations
is called...
a. founder effect
b. gene flow
c. genetic drift
d. mutation
a
Reproductive success of an individual is known as...
a. variation
b. microevolution
c. macroevolution
d. fitness
d
If the original finches that had been blown over to the Galápagos from South
America had already been genetically different from the parental population of
South American finches, even before adapting to the Galápagos, this would have
been an example of...
a. genetic drift
b. bottleneck effect
c. founder effect
d. both a and c
e. all of the above
d
The sizes of horns in males of a particular beetle have an interesting distribution:
the highest frequencies are around 15 millimeters and 30 millimeters, with few
individuals in between. Based on this observation, which of the following modes
of selection is most likely to be operating on these horns?
a. stabilizing selection
b. directional selection
c. concentrated selection
d. disruptive selection
, d
Which of the various species concepts distinguishes two species based on the
degree of genetic exchange between their gene pools?
a. morphological
b. ecological
c. phylogenetic
d. biological
d
You are confronted with a box of preserved grasshoppers of various species that
are new to science and have not been described. Your assignment is to separate
them into species. There is no accompanying information as to where or when
they were collected. Which species concept will you have to use?
a. morphological
b. phylogenetic
c. ecological
d. biological
a
Natural selection works _______ on the genotype and _______ on the phenotype.
a. indirectly; directly
b. directly; indirectly
c. directly; not at all
d. directly; directly
a
All the following are examples of prezygotic isolating mechanisms except?
a. ecological isolation
b. temporal isolation
c. mechanical incompatibility
d. hybrid sterility
d
Two species of frogs belonging to the same genus occasionally mate, but the
offspring fail to develop and hatch. What is the mechanism for keeping the two
frog species separate?
a. the prezygotic barrier called hybrid sterility
b. gametic isolation
c. the postzygotic barrier called hybrid breakdown
d. the postzygotic barrier called hybrid inviability
d
What was Darwin's explanation for the evolution of bright colors and other
apparently useless (and potentially deleterious) but conspicuous characters in
males of many species?
a. stabilizing selection
b. genetic drift
c. sexual selection
d. gene flow
c
