Mus 337 Final Study Guide 2023 with complete solution
Essentialization
The process of reducing people and their cultural expressions to a limited set of
essential characteristics. Leads to stereotypes
Mestizaje
The mix of races (Indigenous and Spanish). Understanding of this has changed over
time.
Types of Performances
presentational and participatory (musical vs social)
Sesquiáltera
Six that alters, shifts in rhythmic accentuation from a two beat stress to a three beat
stress in groups of 12 beats/pulses.
Structure of Corrido
Each copla is sung to a repeated strophic melody to tell an often epic story.
Verses build a story:
-opening verses sets the scene (date, time, place)
-narration of the story
-closing verse is the concluding message (despedida)
-poetry follows ABCB rhyme scheme
-predictable alternation of two or three chords
-Rhythm of walz and polka (duple/triple meter)
-upbeat no matter what
Danza de Los Concheros
(by Los Folkloristas) traditional dance ceremony with pre-hispanic and Christian
features. Name comes from the Concha- a stringed lute made from an armadillo shell of
Spanish influence. Visually indigenous with feathered costumes, dance steps, and
drums.
Traditional (folk) music
Music that customarily circulates via oral tradition, rather than thru notation. Viewed as
music performed by rural people and as common property of a community.
Son(es)
-large body of dance song
-mega genre (broad category of Mexican folk music and dances
-defined in reference to 3 dimensions of performance: music (sounds), dance
(movements & sometimes sounds), verse (text)
-sesquialtera
-strophic (repeating melody with each verse)
-instrumentation: violin (melody), guitar (harmony/rhythm), harp (multipurpose depends
on style)
Popular Music
Conveyed through oral tradition and thus information comes from narratives.
"fashionable" music.
Timbre
Tone or aural color
Dynamics
, Volume and articulation of sounds
Form
The underlying organizational structure of a song
Texture
Phonic structure or relationship between the sounds
Rhythm
Duration of sounds and silences and organization of such
Timbre
Tone or aural color
Pitch
Frequency of the tone
Chordophones
Vibrations of strings (guitar)
Idiophones
Vibrations of instrument body (turtle shell, deer bone)
Membanophones
Vibration of stretched skins, organic or synthetic (single headed drum)
Aerophones
Vibrations of air columns-sound generated by trapped/forced air (clay duct flute)
Hecho en México: What are some of the issues mentioned in this film?
government, gender, sexual frustration, borders, machismo, exploitation of rivers
(environment, pollution)
Chicano Rock: How did Chicano music during the late 1960s and early 1970s
change?
It became very political
El Corrido Mexicano: What are some of the issues in Mexico corrdios?
drugs and immigration
Compañeras: How did the women learn the mariachi tradition of music?
through their families, self taught, in schools,
Sing and don't cry: the Mariachis: Why is it significant that the participation of
other non Mexican ensembles in the genre of mariachi music?
Mariachi has become international.
Corrido (instrument used, famous performers, rhythms, examples)
Used to be known as a romance (ballad), bajo sexto, guitar, accordion.
Waila Music (instrument used, famous performers, rhythms, examples)
-Tex-Mex and noterño musical styles influenced rural popular music along the Arizona-
mexican border, like the music of the Tohono O'odham Indians (Papago).
-Same rhythms as norteño performers:
Chotis
Waltz
Cumbia
Polka
-Saxophones and accordions take the role of singers
-"first stop Waila" by Southern Scratch
Rocanrol (instrument used, famous performers, rhythms, examples)
Gloria Rios,
Essentialization
The process of reducing people and their cultural expressions to a limited set of
essential characteristics. Leads to stereotypes
Mestizaje
The mix of races (Indigenous and Spanish). Understanding of this has changed over
time.
Types of Performances
presentational and participatory (musical vs social)
Sesquiáltera
Six that alters, shifts in rhythmic accentuation from a two beat stress to a three beat
stress in groups of 12 beats/pulses.
Structure of Corrido
Each copla is sung to a repeated strophic melody to tell an often epic story.
Verses build a story:
-opening verses sets the scene (date, time, place)
-narration of the story
-closing verse is the concluding message (despedida)
-poetry follows ABCB rhyme scheme
-predictable alternation of two or three chords
-Rhythm of walz and polka (duple/triple meter)
-upbeat no matter what
Danza de Los Concheros
(by Los Folkloristas) traditional dance ceremony with pre-hispanic and Christian
features. Name comes from the Concha- a stringed lute made from an armadillo shell of
Spanish influence. Visually indigenous with feathered costumes, dance steps, and
drums.
Traditional (folk) music
Music that customarily circulates via oral tradition, rather than thru notation. Viewed as
music performed by rural people and as common property of a community.
Son(es)
-large body of dance song
-mega genre (broad category of Mexican folk music and dances
-defined in reference to 3 dimensions of performance: music (sounds), dance
(movements & sometimes sounds), verse (text)
-sesquialtera
-strophic (repeating melody with each verse)
-instrumentation: violin (melody), guitar (harmony/rhythm), harp (multipurpose depends
on style)
Popular Music
Conveyed through oral tradition and thus information comes from narratives.
"fashionable" music.
Timbre
Tone or aural color
Dynamics
, Volume and articulation of sounds
Form
The underlying organizational structure of a song
Texture
Phonic structure or relationship between the sounds
Rhythm
Duration of sounds and silences and organization of such
Timbre
Tone or aural color
Pitch
Frequency of the tone
Chordophones
Vibrations of strings (guitar)
Idiophones
Vibrations of instrument body (turtle shell, deer bone)
Membanophones
Vibration of stretched skins, organic or synthetic (single headed drum)
Aerophones
Vibrations of air columns-sound generated by trapped/forced air (clay duct flute)
Hecho en México: What are some of the issues mentioned in this film?
government, gender, sexual frustration, borders, machismo, exploitation of rivers
(environment, pollution)
Chicano Rock: How did Chicano music during the late 1960s and early 1970s
change?
It became very political
El Corrido Mexicano: What are some of the issues in Mexico corrdios?
drugs and immigration
Compañeras: How did the women learn the mariachi tradition of music?
through their families, self taught, in schools,
Sing and don't cry: the Mariachis: Why is it significant that the participation of
other non Mexican ensembles in the genre of mariachi music?
Mariachi has become international.
Corrido (instrument used, famous performers, rhythms, examples)
Used to be known as a romance (ballad), bajo sexto, guitar, accordion.
Waila Music (instrument used, famous performers, rhythms, examples)
-Tex-Mex and noterño musical styles influenced rural popular music along the Arizona-
mexican border, like the music of the Tohono O'odham Indians (Papago).
-Same rhythms as norteño performers:
Chotis
Waltz
Cumbia
Polka
-Saxophones and accordions take the role of singers
-"first stop Waila" by Southern Scratch
Rocanrol (instrument used, famous performers, rhythms, examples)
Gloria Rios,
