CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS
OLLMMTC
CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS: SECTION 1.
NURSING PHARMACOLOGY. PRESENTED BY OLLMMTC
RAAS, Beta-blockers, Calcium channel blockers
INTRODUCTION TO CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS.
Cardiovascular drugs are agents that affect the function of the heart and blood vessels. These
drugs are among the most widely used medicine.
These drugs are used in the treatment of such disorders as Hypertension, Angina pectoris, Heart
failure, and Arrhythmias.
ANTI-HYPERTENSIVES
BP ═ Cardiac output × Systemic vascular resistance
Factors influencing BP
Cardiac output: As a factor that influences BP comprises of the following;
i. Cardiac; - conductivity, contractility, and heart rate.
ii. Renal fluid volume control- Renin angiotensin aldosterone system, and Natriuretic
peptides.
Systemic vascular resistance: As a factor that influences BP too comprises of the following;
i. Sympathetic nervous system; - β-Adrenergic receptors (vasodilation), and α-Adrenergic
receptors (vasoconstriction).
ii. Neurohormonal vasoconstrictors; -Angiotensin and Norepinephrine.
iii. Local regulation vasodilators; -Prostaglandins, nitric oxide, and endothelin.
, Table of Drugs.
Class Names of the Examples Mechanism of Effects on
drugs Action Blood
pressure
ACE Inhibitors -pril Enalapril, Inhibits ↓ SVR, SV
Lisinopril Angiotensin-
converting
enzyme (ACE)
ARBS -sartan Losartan, valsartan Block ↓ SVR, SV
angiotensin 2
Receptors
-olol Labetalol, Blocks beta ↓ HR, SV
Beta Blockers Metoprolol receptors
-zosin, Terazosin, Select Alpha 1 ↓ SV
Alpha Blockers -osin Doxazosin blockers
↓ SVR
Calcium -dipine Nifedipine, Blocks calcium
channel Amlodipine channels
Blockers
Furosemide’ Facilitate ↓ SV
Diuretics -ide Hydrochlorothiazide diuresis
2
OLLMMTC
CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS: SECTION 1.
NURSING PHARMACOLOGY. PRESENTED BY OLLMMTC
RAAS, Beta-blockers, Calcium channel blockers
INTRODUCTION TO CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS.
Cardiovascular drugs are agents that affect the function of the heart and blood vessels. These
drugs are among the most widely used medicine.
These drugs are used in the treatment of such disorders as Hypertension, Angina pectoris, Heart
failure, and Arrhythmias.
ANTI-HYPERTENSIVES
BP ═ Cardiac output × Systemic vascular resistance
Factors influencing BP
Cardiac output: As a factor that influences BP comprises of the following;
i. Cardiac; - conductivity, contractility, and heart rate.
ii. Renal fluid volume control- Renin angiotensin aldosterone system, and Natriuretic
peptides.
Systemic vascular resistance: As a factor that influences BP too comprises of the following;
i. Sympathetic nervous system; - β-Adrenergic receptors (vasodilation), and α-Adrenergic
receptors (vasoconstriction).
ii. Neurohormonal vasoconstrictors; -Angiotensin and Norepinephrine.
iii. Local regulation vasodilators; -Prostaglandins, nitric oxide, and endothelin.
, Table of Drugs.
Class Names of the Examples Mechanism of Effects on
drugs Action Blood
pressure
ACE Inhibitors -pril Enalapril, Inhibits ↓ SVR, SV
Lisinopril Angiotensin-
converting
enzyme (ACE)
ARBS -sartan Losartan, valsartan Block ↓ SVR, SV
angiotensin 2
Receptors
-olol Labetalol, Blocks beta ↓ HR, SV
Beta Blockers Metoprolol receptors
-zosin, Terazosin, Select Alpha 1 ↓ SV
Alpha Blockers -osin Doxazosin blockers
↓ SVR
Calcium -dipine Nifedipine, Blocks calcium
channel Amlodipine channels
Blockers
Furosemide’ Facilitate ↓ SV
Diuretics -ide Hydrochlorothiazide diuresis
2
