CBMT Exam Music Therapy Boards 2023,
Verified Solution
Psychodynamic Approach
-Human behavior is based on unconscious psychological processes (impulses, desires,
motives)
-Early childhood events
Eclectic Approach
-Draw freely from all approaches without accepting the frameworks behind them
-Goal: more efficient treatment
Behavioral Approach
-Meant to change behavior
-Classical/operant conditioning
-ABA: applied behavioral analysis (autism)
-Positive/negative reinforcement
-Punishment and Reward
Episodic Memory
long-term memory of specific experiences or events, linked to time and place that can
be stated
Semantic Memory
Common knowledge, not from personal experience
Working Memory
Short/temporary while performing task/learning
Procedural Memory
Long-term memory of how to perform different tasks without consciously thinking about
previous experience
Explicit Memory
Intentional recollection of long-term memory
Implicit Memory
Long-term unconscious memory
Reframing
Identifying thoughts and changing the way they're viewed
Experimental Group Design
Employ scientific methods to test a hypothesis and control experimental variables in a
controlled manner
Locus of Control
the tendency for people to assume that they either have control or do not have control
over events and consequences in their lives
Internal Locus
-Control your own fate
-Effort has direct impact on success
External Locus
-No control of own fate
-Luck or fate
-No connection between effort and success
, Assimilation
-Jean Piaget
-Incorporating new ideas into existing ideas
Accommodation
-Jean Piaget
-Concepts/schema are modified or new ones created to accommodate new knowledge
-Relates to how young children integrate new info with things they already know to gain
a better understanding of concepts and other knowledge
Stereotypic Behavior
-Variety of behaviors typical in individuals who have autism, blindness, etc.
-Ex: flapping hands, swaying side to side, etc.
Early Intervening
-Included in 2004 reauthorization of IDEA
-Allows/encourages schools to provide intervention to struggling services, even before
they've been identified as special education
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)
-Form of behavior modification that uses shaping techniques (in small steps) to mold a
desired behavior or response
-Prompting and reinforcements gradually decrease
-Used commonly with autism, but is used with other disorders too
Manifestation Determination
-Student's inappropriate behavior is not a result, or manifestation, of his or her disability
-Usually determined in a hearing and is required when a student's behavior violates
school rules and before the school can undertake disciplinary action that might result in
a student's suspension from school.
Secondary Gains
Unexpected/unplanned outcomes over the course of therapy
Flat Affect
No facial expression of emotion
Sensory Impairments
-Affects sensual contact with environment
-Stops normal works of muscular receptions
-Seeing, touching, moving, tasting
Physical Therapy/Physiotherapy
-Rehabilitative treatment of physical impairment/challenge
-Massage, hydrotherapy, heat, and exercise.
Physical Challenges/Impairment
Conditions that affect the ability of the body to perform normal functions
Developmental Disability
-Originates prior to 18 years
-Indefinitely continuing handicap
-Ex: autism, intellectual, CP, epilepsy, severe learning disabilities
Forensic Psychiatry
-Devoted to legal problems and infractions of law
-Primarily criminal
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
Verified Solution
Psychodynamic Approach
-Human behavior is based on unconscious psychological processes (impulses, desires,
motives)
-Early childhood events
Eclectic Approach
-Draw freely from all approaches without accepting the frameworks behind them
-Goal: more efficient treatment
Behavioral Approach
-Meant to change behavior
-Classical/operant conditioning
-ABA: applied behavioral analysis (autism)
-Positive/negative reinforcement
-Punishment and Reward
Episodic Memory
long-term memory of specific experiences or events, linked to time and place that can
be stated
Semantic Memory
Common knowledge, not from personal experience
Working Memory
Short/temporary while performing task/learning
Procedural Memory
Long-term memory of how to perform different tasks without consciously thinking about
previous experience
Explicit Memory
Intentional recollection of long-term memory
Implicit Memory
Long-term unconscious memory
Reframing
Identifying thoughts and changing the way they're viewed
Experimental Group Design
Employ scientific methods to test a hypothesis and control experimental variables in a
controlled manner
Locus of Control
the tendency for people to assume that they either have control or do not have control
over events and consequences in their lives
Internal Locus
-Control your own fate
-Effort has direct impact on success
External Locus
-No control of own fate
-Luck or fate
-No connection between effort and success
, Assimilation
-Jean Piaget
-Incorporating new ideas into existing ideas
Accommodation
-Jean Piaget
-Concepts/schema are modified or new ones created to accommodate new knowledge
-Relates to how young children integrate new info with things they already know to gain
a better understanding of concepts and other knowledge
Stereotypic Behavior
-Variety of behaviors typical in individuals who have autism, blindness, etc.
-Ex: flapping hands, swaying side to side, etc.
Early Intervening
-Included in 2004 reauthorization of IDEA
-Allows/encourages schools to provide intervention to struggling services, even before
they've been identified as special education
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)
-Form of behavior modification that uses shaping techniques (in small steps) to mold a
desired behavior or response
-Prompting and reinforcements gradually decrease
-Used commonly with autism, but is used with other disorders too
Manifestation Determination
-Student's inappropriate behavior is not a result, or manifestation, of his or her disability
-Usually determined in a hearing and is required when a student's behavior violates
school rules and before the school can undertake disciplinary action that might result in
a student's suspension from school.
Secondary Gains
Unexpected/unplanned outcomes over the course of therapy
Flat Affect
No facial expression of emotion
Sensory Impairments
-Affects sensual contact with environment
-Stops normal works of muscular receptions
-Seeing, touching, moving, tasting
Physical Therapy/Physiotherapy
-Rehabilitative treatment of physical impairment/challenge
-Massage, hydrotherapy, heat, and exercise.
Physical Challenges/Impairment
Conditions that affect the ability of the body to perform normal functions
Developmental Disability
-Originates prior to 18 years
-Indefinitely continuing handicap
-Ex: autism, intellectual, CP, epilepsy, severe learning disabilities
Forensic Psychiatry
-Devoted to legal problems and infractions of law
-Primarily criminal
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
