CAPA Certification Exam 2023 Questions and Answers
with complete solution
Glycopyrrolate
- Induction and intubation medication
- Can cause photosensitivity
Craniotomy Treatment (triple H's)
- hemodilution
- hypertension
- hypervolemia
(this forces constricted blood vessels to dilate and perfuse tissue)
Transverse Colostomy
soft stool
typical stool odor
stool damages the skin
empties several times per day
may or may not be at risk for fluid/electrolytes imbalances
may irrigate
sigmoid colostomy
- formed stool
ileosotomy
- high up
- liquid pasty stool
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Small pouch created from stomach
Part of small intestine (DUODENUM) bypassed
Restriction and malabsorption
Post-op Stroke symptoms
- double vision
- headache
- sudden dizziness
Metoclopramide (Reglan)
- controls post-op NV
- can have extrapyrmidal side effects like tardive dyskinesia
Gastrectomy Interventions
- encourage deep breaths
- and position shifts
clonic seizure
repetitive jerking movements
petit mal seizure
Also called absence attack. A seizure that is characterized by a spike-and-wave EEG
and often involves a loss of awareness and inability to recall events surrounding the
seizure.
Tonic seizure
sustained muscle contraction
, Emergence excitement safety interventions
ok to use wrist restraints
Shivering first interventions♀️
- anticipate order for demerol
(over warm blankets)
Septic Shock/ Early Respiratory Distress
- Hyperventilation
- Respiratory Alkalosis
- Elevated Lactate Levels
Interscalene nerve block
anesthetizes the brachial plexus as it passes through the scalene triangle. It is used to
provide anethesia for the shoulder and upper arm. Nearly all patients will devleop
transeint ipsilateral diaphragmatic parylasis due to involvment of the phrenic nerve roots
as tehy pass through the interscalene sheath.
Complication of rapid warming
Hypotension (rapid vasodilation can cause a drop in blood pressure)
Hetastarch (Hespan)
- Volume expander, colloid
- less expensive than blood
- minimal co-ag effects
- less likely to cause allergic reaction
- metabolizes slowly
Why are neonates not tolerant of fluid overload?
- obligate sodium loss
- slow clearance of fluid
- inability to conserve fluid
Medication used to treat fluid overload/ ascites in patient with Cirrhosis
Spironolactone
Steal syndrome
- Too much blood going to the fistula, leaving the hand ischemic. Tx is with surgery or
banding to decrease outflow (if high flow)
Infant should void
5ml/Kg/hr or at least 2-3ml/Kg/hr
Autonomic hyperreflexia (dysreflexia)
- Massive, uncompensated cardiovascular response to stimulation of the sympathetic
nervous system
Stimulation of the sensory receptors below the level of the cord lesion
- Associated with injuries above level T6
TURPs
- risk for water intoxication
- risk for hyponatremia
- s/s include: SOB, hypoxemia, confusion, nausea, vomiting, muscle twitches,
tachycardia, and hypotension
intrarenal failure
with complete solution
Glycopyrrolate
- Induction and intubation medication
- Can cause photosensitivity
Craniotomy Treatment (triple H's)
- hemodilution
- hypertension
- hypervolemia
(this forces constricted blood vessels to dilate and perfuse tissue)
Transverse Colostomy
soft stool
typical stool odor
stool damages the skin
empties several times per day
may or may not be at risk for fluid/electrolytes imbalances
may irrigate
sigmoid colostomy
- formed stool
ileosotomy
- high up
- liquid pasty stool
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Small pouch created from stomach
Part of small intestine (DUODENUM) bypassed
Restriction and malabsorption
Post-op Stroke symptoms
- double vision
- headache
- sudden dizziness
Metoclopramide (Reglan)
- controls post-op NV
- can have extrapyrmidal side effects like tardive dyskinesia
Gastrectomy Interventions
- encourage deep breaths
- and position shifts
clonic seizure
repetitive jerking movements
petit mal seizure
Also called absence attack. A seizure that is characterized by a spike-and-wave EEG
and often involves a loss of awareness and inability to recall events surrounding the
seizure.
Tonic seizure
sustained muscle contraction
, Emergence excitement safety interventions
ok to use wrist restraints
Shivering first interventions♀️
- anticipate order for demerol
(over warm blankets)
Septic Shock/ Early Respiratory Distress
- Hyperventilation
- Respiratory Alkalosis
- Elevated Lactate Levels
Interscalene nerve block
anesthetizes the brachial plexus as it passes through the scalene triangle. It is used to
provide anethesia for the shoulder and upper arm. Nearly all patients will devleop
transeint ipsilateral diaphragmatic parylasis due to involvment of the phrenic nerve roots
as tehy pass through the interscalene sheath.
Complication of rapid warming
Hypotension (rapid vasodilation can cause a drop in blood pressure)
Hetastarch (Hespan)
- Volume expander, colloid
- less expensive than blood
- minimal co-ag effects
- less likely to cause allergic reaction
- metabolizes slowly
Why are neonates not tolerant of fluid overload?
- obligate sodium loss
- slow clearance of fluid
- inability to conserve fluid
Medication used to treat fluid overload/ ascites in patient with Cirrhosis
Spironolactone
Steal syndrome
- Too much blood going to the fistula, leaving the hand ischemic. Tx is with surgery or
banding to decrease outflow (if high flow)
Infant should void
5ml/Kg/hr or at least 2-3ml/Kg/hr
Autonomic hyperreflexia (dysreflexia)
- Massive, uncompensated cardiovascular response to stimulation of the sympathetic
nervous system
Stimulation of the sensory receptors below the level of the cord lesion
- Associated with injuries above level T6
TURPs
- risk for water intoxication
- risk for hyponatremia
- s/s include: SOB, hypoxemia, confusion, nausea, vomiting, muscle twitches,
tachycardia, and hypotension
intrarenal failure
