DAANCE Module 1-Basic Sciences study guide with
complete solution
neurons do what
conduct nerve impulses
what is the synapse
junction between two neurons
what makes up the central nervous system
brain and spinal cord
what three parts make up the brain
cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata
what makes up the peripheral nervous system
sensory nerves and motor nerves
How many cranial nerves are there
12
what nerve is the trigeminal nerve
5
what parts does the trigeminal nerve control
supplies sensation to the teeth and jaw
what are the 2 components of the autonomic nervous system?
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
what nervous system "speeds things up"
sympathetic
what nervous system "slows things down"
parasympathetic
what nervous system has terminations in all level of the heart
sympathetic nervous system
stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system causes what?
vasoconstriction in general and increases the heart rate
what nervous system is important in maintaining blood pressure
sympathetic
vasomotor is controlled by the
sympathetic nervous system
the vasomotor does what
controls the diameter of the blood vessels
baroreceptors regulate what function
blood pressure with positional changes
the sympathetic or adrenergic effects of the autonomic nervous system involve
what
two effects A and B- these effect several tissues and organs
Alpha effect is what (only one alpha)
vasoconstriction
Beta effect is what( two beta categories)
, seen in bigger organs, heart and lungs
Beta 1 activity is where
heart related functions- such as increased heart rate and strength of contraction
Beta 2 activity is where
pulmonary function of bronchiolar dilation (lungs)
Parasympathetic stimulation causes what
increased activity of digestive tract and stimulates production of saliva and pharyngeal
secretions. (atropine or Robinul can counteract stimulations)
Automaticity
heart pumps on its own
Heart has four chamber- what are they
left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle
Where does the left atrium receive blood from
from the lungs, via the pulmonary vein- oxygen rich blood
Where does the right atrium receive blood from
from the peripheral (body's) circulation and is oxygen poor
the ventricles receive blood from where
the atria
Ventricle anatomy
thicker walls
larger chambers
left ventricle is the thickest m.
Where does the right ventricle send blood
deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Where does the left ventricle send blood
oxygenated blood to the body/ peripheral circulation
What are the three sources the right atrium receives blood
above: superior vena cava
below: inferior vena cava
inside the heart m.: coronary sinus
the blood in veins are considered what
oxygen poor
blood vessels leading AWAY from the heart are
arteries
blood vessels leading TO the heart are
veins
Flow of Blood through the heart
1. right atrium fills with blood
2. contracts- tricuspid valve
3. right ventricle fills with blood
4. contracts- closes tricuspid valve/opens pulmonary valve
5. blood goes through pulmonary artery to the lungs
6. pulmonary veins returns blood to left atrium
7. contracts-mitral valve
8. left ventricle fills with blood
complete solution
neurons do what
conduct nerve impulses
what is the synapse
junction between two neurons
what makes up the central nervous system
brain and spinal cord
what three parts make up the brain
cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata
what makes up the peripheral nervous system
sensory nerves and motor nerves
How many cranial nerves are there
12
what nerve is the trigeminal nerve
5
what parts does the trigeminal nerve control
supplies sensation to the teeth and jaw
what are the 2 components of the autonomic nervous system?
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
what nervous system "speeds things up"
sympathetic
what nervous system "slows things down"
parasympathetic
what nervous system has terminations in all level of the heart
sympathetic nervous system
stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system causes what?
vasoconstriction in general and increases the heart rate
what nervous system is important in maintaining blood pressure
sympathetic
vasomotor is controlled by the
sympathetic nervous system
the vasomotor does what
controls the diameter of the blood vessels
baroreceptors regulate what function
blood pressure with positional changes
the sympathetic or adrenergic effects of the autonomic nervous system involve
what
two effects A and B- these effect several tissues and organs
Alpha effect is what (only one alpha)
vasoconstriction
Beta effect is what( two beta categories)
, seen in bigger organs, heart and lungs
Beta 1 activity is where
heart related functions- such as increased heart rate and strength of contraction
Beta 2 activity is where
pulmonary function of bronchiolar dilation (lungs)
Parasympathetic stimulation causes what
increased activity of digestive tract and stimulates production of saliva and pharyngeal
secretions. (atropine or Robinul can counteract stimulations)
Automaticity
heart pumps on its own
Heart has four chamber- what are they
left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle
Where does the left atrium receive blood from
from the lungs, via the pulmonary vein- oxygen rich blood
Where does the right atrium receive blood from
from the peripheral (body's) circulation and is oxygen poor
the ventricles receive blood from where
the atria
Ventricle anatomy
thicker walls
larger chambers
left ventricle is the thickest m.
Where does the right ventricle send blood
deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Where does the left ventricle send blood
oxygenated blood to the body/ peripheral circulation
What are the three sources the right atrium receives blood
above: superior vena cava
below: inferior vena cava
inside the heart m.: coronary sinus
the blood in veins are considered what
oxygen poor
blood vessels leading AWAY from the heart are
arteries
blood vessels leading TO the heart are
veins
Flow of Blood through the heart
1. right atrium fills with blood
2. contracts- tricuspid valve
3. right ventricle fills with blood
4. contracts- closes tricuspid valve/opens pulmonary valve
5. blood goes through pulmonary artery to the lungs
6. pulmonary veins returns blood to left atrium
7. contracts-mitral valve
8. left ventricle fills with blood
