Structure & Function of the Body Edition 16 Patton Chapter 009 MOD 10 Quiz Bank 2023 GRADED A+

Central Nervous System (CNS) correct answers brain and spinal cord Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) correct answers cranial nerves and spinal nerves Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) correct answers structures that regulate the body's automatic or involuntary functions (heart rate, stomach and intestines, secretion of chemical compounds by glands) neuron correct answers nerve cell that conduct impulses glia correct answers cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons neuron structure correct answers cell body, dendrites, axon sensory neuron correct answers carry impulses to the spinal cord and brain from all parts of the body; afferent neurons motor neuron correct answers carry impulses away from the brain and spinal cord to muscle and glandular epithelial tissue; efferent neurons interneuron correct answers conducts impulses from sensory neurons to motor neurons; also often connect with each other to form complex, central networks of nerve fibers; central or connecting neurons neuroglis correct answers special types of supporting cells; glia meaning "glue"; hold the functioning neurons together and protect them; regulation of neuron function astrocyte correct answers star shaped glia; attach to neurons and to small blood vessels, holding these structures close to each other; form a two layer structure call the blood-brain barrier (BBB) Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) correct answers separates the blood tissue and nervous tissue to protect vital brain tissue from harmful chemicals that might be in the blood microglia correct answers smaller than astrocytes; usually remain stationary, but in inflamed or degenerating brain tissue, they enlarge, move about, and act as microbe eating scavengers; clean up cell damage resulting from injury or disease (phagocytosis) oligodendrocytes correct answers help to hold nerve fibers together and also serve another important function: they produce the fatty myelin sheath that envelops nerve fibers located in the brain and spinal cord myelin sheath correct answers fatty layer that affects nerve conduction speed Schwann cells correct answers glial cells that also form myelin sheaths but do so only in the PNS; wrap entirely around only one axon myelinated fibers correct answers neurons with myelin wrapped axons Nodes of Ranvier correct answers gaps between adjacent Schwann cells neurilemma correct answers outer wrapped layer of a Schwann cell; plays an essential role in the regeneration of cut and injured axons nerve correct answers group of peripheral nerve fibers (axons) bundled together like the strands of a cable