PALS - Red Cross Final Exam 2023

Laboratory tests are ordered for a child who has been vomiting for 3 days and is diaphoretic, tachypneic, lethargic and pale. Which test would the provider use to determine the adequacy of oxygen delivery? - ANSWER Lactate A provider is forming an initial impression of a child using the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT). During which step of the PAT may the provider use the mnemonic TICLS to assess the patient? - ANSWER Appearance A child being cared for in the pediatric telemetry unit suddenly displays the following ECG waveform. The provider prepares to intervene because the child is demonstrating which type of arrhythmia? - ANSWER Supraventricular tachycardia A 2-year-old child of unknown weight arrives at the emergency department in cardiac arrest. When preparing to administer medications, which action would be appropriate for the team to take? - ANSWER Estimate weight using a length-based resuscitation tape. A 9-year-old patient is presenting with decreased breath sounds, bradycardia, slowed respiratory rate and a low O2 saturation level. The provider interprets these findings as indicating which condition? - ANSWER Respiratory failure A 5-year-old child with a history of a chronic neuromuscular disease is experiencing respiratory distress. The child is breathing spontaneously and receiving supplemental oxygen. Which additional intervention is a critical component of airway management for this patient? - ANSWER Airway clearance An 8-year-old child being treated in the emergency department has significant respiratory distress. The child also exhibits hives, wheezing, angioedema, tachycardia and tachypnea. The parents state that the child, who is allergic to peanuts, had eaten some popcorn that had peanuts in it. The team initiates care, preparing to administer which agent first? - ANSWER Epinephrine A 12-lead ECG is ordered for a child complaining of a "racing heart." When placing the electrodes on the child, at which location would the lead for V4 be placed? - ANSWER Fifth intercostal space at midclavicular line, left side A 10-year-old child has collapsed in the gym of the elementary school. The school nurse arrives and determines that the child is unresponsive. The school nurse then simultaneously checks for breathing and a central pulse, limiting this assessment to which time frame? - ANSWER At least 5 seconds, but no more than 10 A 30-month old child has been diagnosed with moderate croup. Which medication(s) would the provider administer? - ANSWER 1. Racemic epinephrine 2. Corticosteroids A child is experiencing shock. The emergency response team prepares for imminent cardiac arrest when assessment reveals which finding(s)? - ANSWER 1. Bradycardia 2. Diminished central pulses 3. Hypotension A PALS resuscitation team is preparing to defibrillate a child experiencing cardiac arrest. For which rhythm(s) would this action be appropriate? - ANSWER 1. Ventricular fibrillation (VF) 2. Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT) A child is experiencing stable supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and is to receive treatment. Which initial treatment would the provider administer? - ANSWER Vagal maneuvers A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department by the parents. Assessment reveals that the child is gasping and the pulse rate is 65 beats per minute. Which action would the provider initiate first? - ANSWER Deliver 1 BVM ventilation every 3 to 5 seconds. The PALS resuscitation team notes the following ECG waveform and the child does not have a pulse. The team prepares to intervene to address which arrhythmia? - ANSWER Torsades de pointes A child who is stable and exhibiting a wide-complex tachycardia is to receive adenosine. The provider would be alert for which result after administering this medication? - ANSWER Transient asystole The PALS team leader is conducting a debriefing session with the team. Which topic(s) would the team leader most likely address during the session? - ANSWER 1. Identification of ways to improve 2. Discussion of the pros and cons of the interventions 3. Summary of the event, including what actions were taken 4. Evaluation of the objective data gathered during the event